Getting your partner to use condoms: Interviews with men and women at risk of HIV/STDs

Data from individual semistructured interviews with 90 young heterosexual couples were analyzed to identify strategies that men and women at risk of HIV/STDs would use to influence their partners to use condoms for the purpose of disease prevention. In addition, we explored whether participants thought influencing strategies would differ for pregnancy prevention. Content analysis of the interview data indicated that participants would use the following verbal strategies: persuading/suggesting, commanding/asserting, and threatening to withhold sex. Several participants, particularly those who had recently used condoms with their partners, reported that they would also use non‐verbal strategies involving condoms themselves (e.g., putting a condom on, buying or getting condoms, or presenting a condom to their partner). Many participants believed that they would use a different strategy for pregnancy prevention because it would be easier to convince a partner to use condoms for that purpose.     

Book reviews

The Significance of Schooling: Life‐Journeys in an African Society. Robert Serpell, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993. 361 pages, $59.95.

Response to Patricia M. Greenfield's Review of The Significance of Schooling: Life‐Journey's in an African Society

Artifical Experts: Social Knowledge and Intelligent Machines. H. M. Collins. Cambridge, MA: Massachusetts Institute of Technology Press, 1990. 266 pages, $15.95 (paper).     

Increased prevalence of erectile dysfunction (ED): Results of the second epidemiological study on sexual activity and prevalence of ED in Thai males

Objective.?The aim of this study is to investigate changes in sexual activity and the prevalence of erectile dysfunction (ED) in Thai males. In addition, the treatment-seeking behaviour of Thai patients suffering from ED is also investigated.

Materials and methods.?In a cross sectional study using a standardized questionnaire with a multi-stage stratified random sampling, 2,269 men aged 40–70 were interviewed. The questionnaire was designed to investigate the effects of socioeconomic factors, medical conditions and unhealthy lifestyles on the development of ED. Furthermore, the questionnaire was designed to characterize the treatment-seeking behaviour of Thai patients suffering from ED.

Results.?Compared to the first report dated the year 2000, the prevalence of ED has increased from 37.5% to 42.18%. In terms of socioeconomic factors, the highest prevalence of ED was observed among unemployed men (78.51%). Prostatism and/or prostatitis (Odd ratios (OR) = 2.02) and long histories of smoking (more than 30 years, OR = 2.36) were identified as statistically significant risk factors for ED, with p-values of <0.001. It is important to notice that 38.78% of the ED patients wanted to discuss their problem with spouses or partners. Three quarters of the ED patients (74.54%) preferred oral medication as therapy.

Conclusions.?The epidemiology of ED in Thailand is changing. An increased prevalence of ED does require further epidemiological studies on a regular basis in order to better understand the etiology of ED and look for measures (such as education) to counter the disease.     

生态文学视角下的《瓦尔登湖》生命启示

本文旨在从生态文学的角度,通过介绍梭罗及其作品《瓦尔登湖》,分析其对人们生活和生命的深刻影响,来展现梭罗的思想魅力和他在美国及世界文学史上的重要地位。同时,更重要的是,通过对梭罗思想的剖析,让读者体会梭罗在《瓦尔登湖》中带给人们的真正启示———我们的生活应过得更加简单、更加快乐、更有意义。     

成人高校大学生思想行为分析

成人大学生是一个社会亚群体，社会青年已逐步成为其主体成份。在新形势下，分析他们思想行为的基本特征，提出相应的对策措施，施以切实有效的教育管理，是成人高校思想教育工作者的重要任务     

中晚期孕妇凝血四项检测的临床意义

目的通过对产前凝血功能的检测与分析,探索中晚期孕妇凝血四项指标变化情况,为防止孕妇在分娩过程中出现产后大出血或血栓的形成提供科学的依据。方法采用法国STAGO COMPAC全自动凝血仪检测398例中晚期孕妇及120名健康非妊娠妇女(作为对照组)血浆中凝血酶原时间(PT),活化部分凝血酶时间(APTT),凝血酶时间(TT),纤维蛋白原(FIB)。结果与对照组比较,中晚期孕妇的PT,TT都明显降低,FIB明显升高,而APTT则无明显改变。结论中晚期孕妇凝血功能有增强的趋势,处于高凝状态,有利于产后快速有效止血。产前凝血功能的检测,在临床方面,对预防产科并发症(如:DIC)有重要的意义,值得推广和应用。     

奥帆赛举办对青岛经济发展的影响评价

举办2008年北京奥运会帆船比赛为青岛市经济发展提供了难得的历史性机遇，它对青岛市经济发展的速度和质量都将带来极大的提升。通过研究发现：2001--2007年奥帆赛筹办期间，奥帆赛年均拉动地区生产总值增长0．8个百分点，拉动就业年均多增长0．6个百分点，促进了经济增长；以GDP计算，年均拉动三次产业多增长0．02、0．41和0．91个百分点，以总产值计算，年均拉动三次产业总产值多增长0．11、0．55和0．62个百分点，优化了产业结构；拉动三次产业就业分别增长0．1、0．6和1．4个百分点，推动了劳动力向第三产业的转移；奥帆赛对第一产业中的高附加值农业、重工业以及第三产业中新兴的、高端的服务业有较大的推动作用，有利于青岛市产业结构的高度化。     

落实科学发展观、构建和谐社会正在深入人心——在浙江省部分地区调研情况的报告

为贯彻全国政协副主席、中国社会科学院院长陈奎元同志关于加强调查研究的指示精神,推动中国社科院与浙江省的合作,中国社会科学院党组副书记、副院长冷溶同志赴杭州参加全国社会科学院系统邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想研究中心第十届年会后,于6月14日至20日带领科研局副局长吴尚民、马列所副所长庄前生、邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想研究中心副主任夏春涛等同志,对浙江省的杭州、湖州、嘉兴、温州、义乌等五个市的12家企业、1个高新技术开发区和2个村进行了调研。调研主要围绕三个方面的问题进行:一是贯彻落实科学发展观;二是构…