Who Benefits from Religion?

Many studies have documented the benefits of religious involvement. Indeed, highly religious people tend to be healthier, live longer, and have higher levels of subjective well-being. While religious involvement offers clear benefits to many, in this paper we explore whether it may also be detrimental to some. Specifically, we examine in detail the relation between religious involvement and subjective well-being. We first replicate prior findings showing a positive relation between religiosity and subjective well-being. However, our results also suggest that this relation may be more complex than previously thought. While fervent believers benefit from their involvement, those with weaker beliefs are actually less happy than those who do not ascribe to any religion—atheists and agnostics. These results may help explain why—in spite of the well-documented benefits of religion—an increasing number of people are abandoning their faith. As commitment wanes, religious involvement may become detrimental to well-being, and individuals may be better off seeking new affiliations.     

我所理解的科学思想史

科学思想史是一个特殊的知识领域。它是“史”,是史学的一部分,属人文学科;它是自然科学史,又属理科。它研究的是理科的内容,用的是史学方法,又需要哲学的思维方式。科学活动史是科学思想史的基础,科学思想史是科学活动史的提炼。科学思想史研究是科学思想发展的历史结构与逻辑结构的统一、历史再现与理论建构的统一。     

三峡工程在市场机制下的项目管理成功之路

三峡工程作为特大型水电工程以及特殊的社会地位,在工程建设微观运作上,果断选择用市场机制的方式运作工程,推进了现代项目管理的实施进程,系统控制目标如期实现,水电资源得到优化配置。宏观调控与微观机制融为一体,优势整合,开拓出三峡工程用市场机制建设特大型工程的成功之路。     

英语中性别歧视现象及女权运动对它的影响

英语中性别歧视现象 (表现在词缀、词汇、称呼、俗语、谚语、隐喻等方面 )反映了英语国家中性别歧视问题。这些现象是由历史、社会、心理等多种原因造成的。 2 0世纪 60年代的妇女解放运动对性别歧视语言进行了诸多改革 ,使英语发生了许多变化。笔者进行了一个旨在研究这次运动对以英语为外语的中国学习者的影响的调查 ,认为语言改革只是一种表面的变革 ,只有现实生活中女性地位提高了 ,语言中的性别歧视现象才会彻底消失。     

大学英语教材"交互性"阅读活动比较研究

"交互性"阅读是一种新的阅读模式.它主要是由自然互动、内在动机、策略运用、冒险尝试等基本特征构成.近几年出版的国内大学英语教材均采用了这种"交互"式的阅读模式,但通过分析其中较有影响的 3套教材后发现阅读活动"交互性"程度差异很大,或是有些要素缺失,或是名不符实,因而有必要进行修正.     

“以人为本”的教育理念与大学生的全面发展

无论现代大学的职能怎样地多样化,其中心任务仍主要是育人;大学生才是高等教育活动的主体.建立"以人为本"的现代教育理念在当代高校素质教育中应该具有极其重要的地位;高校实现这个理念的途径应当是人文精神和科学精神的融通教育.     

Perceived discrimination,traditional practices,and depressive symptoms among American Indians in the upper midwest

American Indian adults are thought to experience significant depressive symptoms at rates several times higher than adults in the general population, yet we know very little about factors associated with depressive symptoms among this under studied group. Many researchers have argued that depressive symptoms are associated with conflicts between American Indian traditional cultural values, practices, and beliefs and those of the majority culture. This report, based on a sample 287 American Indian adults from the upper Midwest, takes into account two measures of cultural effects: perceived discrimination, as one indicator of culture conflict, and traditional practices, as a measure of cultural identification. The results indicate that discrimination is strongly associated with depressive symptoms among American Indian adults and that engaging in traditional practices is negatively related to depressive symptoms. Moreover, interaction effects between perceived discrimination and traditional practices indicate that engaging in traditional practices buffers the negative effects of discrimination among those who regularly participate in them.     

日本经济长期低迷的金融因素分析

日本步入20世纪80年代经济发展缓慢,80年代末形成"泡沫经济",90年代初"泡沫"经济破裂至今,经济长期低迷。严重的经济衰退曾引发了金融财政危机,企业大量破产以及由此导致的失业剧增等一系列问题。从战后的高速发展到今天的经济困境,究其原因有很多,本文对导致日本经济低迷的金融因素———低利率政策,银行、企业、政府的铁三角关系等方面做出概括性的分析,并对我国在推行利率市场化的过程中所应从中得到的教训及启示做出了阐述。     

评杨东莼的《本国文化史大纲》

杨东莼的《本国文化史大纲》是我国一部较早的唯物的文化史著作。本文着重分析了杨著唯物的文化及文化史观 ,并对其运用马克思主义“五社会形态论”进行文化史分期加以探讨 ,同时指出杨著在文化史研究上的意义及其理论构架上的缺陷     

国有企业社会成本的演变——关于武汉J厂的个案调查

在国有企业的社会成本问题日益威胁到企业的生存时，无论从国家还是企业的角度，都开始在社会成本方面寻求某些突破。本文拟以武汉J厂为个案，从单位体制、企业制度的角度分析国有企业社会成本的演变。对于社会成本的分离必须区别对待，而且是一个长期的过程。