论行政指导的可复议性

我国行政复议制度并未涉及行政指导行为是否具有可复议性,但由于行政诉讼制度将行政指导行为明确排除在受案范围之外,尤其是不适当地强调行政指导行为的非强制性以及行政复议制度与行政诉讼制度的衔接,行政指导行为一直被排斥在行政复议的大门之外。从严格依法行政的角度看,将行政指导行为纳入行政救济范围不仅具有现实必要性,而且与我国行政复议制度也具有高度的契合性。依托行政救济机制,国家可对行政指导行为进行合法性审查与合理性审查,并可实现包括信赖利益和期待利益在内的相对人的权益保护。     

High precision implementation of Steck's recursion method for use in goodness-of-fit tests

Classical continuous goodness-of-fit (GOF) testing is employed for examining whether the data come from an assumed parametric model. In many cases, GOF tests assume a uniform null distribution and examine extreme values of the order statistics of the samples. Many of these statistics can be expressed by a function of the order statistics and the p-values amount to a joint probability statement based on the uniform order statistics. In this paper, we utilize Steck''s recursion method and propose two high precision computing algorithms to compute the p-values for these GOF statistics. The numerical difficulties in implementing Steck''s method are discussed and compared with solutions provided in high precision libraries.     

公布少数意见与滥诉

域外司法实践及其理论研究表明公布少数意见不会滋长滥诉。在我国由于封建人治思想和关系理论的影响,加上公民法律意识比较淡薄,审判程序不够公开,判决书说理不够充分,滥诉成了十分突出而危险的司法现象。引进少数意见制度,公布合议庭少数人意见,可以进一步促进审判公开,展现合议庭理性探究、辩论及民主决策的过程,展现法官内心的思维轨迹,减少人们对合议庭暗箱操作的怀疑,还可以加强法官的责任感,改变传统合议庭合而不议的弊病,通过多数意见和少数意见的竞争,提高判决书的说理性,提高当事人的服判率,减少滥诉。     

A simple Byzantine Generals protocol

The Byzantine Generals Problem is a classical problem in distributed computing that models a system’s resiliency against arbitrary adversarial faults. The existing solutions to this problem tend to be quite intricate and many of them employ some form of recursion. This paper gives a new algorithm that solves the problem in an exceptionally simple straight-line program.     

大学生朋辈心理辅导的模式与效果探析

当代大学生心理健康问题日益突出,在传统心理健康教育模式凸显不足的形势下,朋辈心理辅导近年来在高校心理健康教育和咨询领域的应用逐渐受到重视.本文对大学生朋辈心理辅导的模式与效果进行了理论和实证研究,拟在此基础上进一步探索构建高校心理健康教育的新模式.     

城市发展路径研究的主要观点

自20世纪80年代以来，与整个国家快速现代化的进程相一致，我国城市呈现出加速发展的趋势。为了推进我国城市沿着科学的方向快速、稳步、健康地发展，学者们从不同的视角对中国城市发展的路径提出了各自不同的观点。文章对有代表性的观点进行了梳理，并简短地陈述了从中得到的启示。     

Costs and Benefits of Relational Contracting in China’s Transition

This paper is an attempt to account for the social foundations of China’s economic transition from central planning to a market economy which is a process of the completion and perfection of markets. In the early stage of China’s transition, relational contracts and interlinked arrangements constitute effective substitutes for missing and imperfect markets. However, relational contracting is becoming more costly as China’s economy develops. Its costs include, diseconomy of scale, undermining the development of arm-length transactions and formal institutions, among others. There are two possible future trajectories of China’s reform. One possibility is that the markets are so developed so that they are dis-embedded from sociopolitical powers. A second is that the markets are less developed and embedded in sociopolitical powers.     

解放和发展消费力:新时期中国改革的战略任务

改革开放以来,经过长期旨在提高生产能力的经济建设,在生产力与消费力这对矛盾中,消费力不足已经上升为主要矛盾.居民消费力与生产力不匹配成为制约我国经济社会发展的全局性、战略性的重大问题.把解放和发展消费力纳入国家经济社会发展的全局进行战略定位,并以此提高中国发展的自主性和抗风险能力,应成为新时期中国体制改革与制度建设的一项重要战略任务.     

解读《庄子》哲学中的“身体”

《庄子》在“离形去知”的口号下坚持这样的观点，即身体是人在世的基础之维，身体与外物、自然直接相关，并与之有着类似的属性。然而身体中的物性在智虑思维的作用下有变异为物欲的可能，身体应在顺物而无容私的状态下与物相接，这是人在有限性的身体中投向无限过程的契机。身体中本然具有的机制使其与“天”有着相通的可能，故应“乘身”而“藏形于天”，道在身-心的统一体中得以展现。因此若将身体置入对身体的认识以及超越过程中的不同阶段，则可以理解在《庄子》哲学中并存着的“堕肢体、黜聪明”与“形全精复”的看似矛盾的主张。这一内在思路可以概括为由观而知身，知身以乘身，乘身以化神。