无人机军事化利用的国际法规制

无人机从20世纪初初具雏形到今天运用于许多领域,其军事化发展进程总体上看从未停止。国际法上虽然承认军事化无人机存在的合法性,但当它被用于诉诸战争权的行使时却依然存在争议,并且自主无人机需要国际人道法考量。军事化无人机必须在国际法框架下行使。在用于诉诸战争权时,应该谨慎解释"国家同意""国家同意的限制""必要性""相称性"等概念,并且严格区分普通无人机与自主无人机对国际人道主义法的挑战,让军事化无人机可以更加规范地被利用。     

论胡乔木的新体咏物诗

胡乔木的新体咏物诗不仅数量多，而且质量高，是其新体诗的精华所在，有其独特的艺术个性和鲜明的艺术特征，诸如由物起兴、物显人情；托物抒怀、物人一体；借物述理、生动形象等等，极具艺术魅力，为新体诗的发展作出了重要的艺术贡献。     

注蒸汽水平井井筒内参数计算新模型

注入蒸汽在水平井筒内流动时，蒸汽沿着水平段的质量流量越来越小，且加速度压降不等于零，导致蒸汽的物性参数发生变化，而蒸汽物性对井筒内蒸汽的沿程参数分布有较大影响。依据质量守恒和能量守恒，建立了注入蒸汽干度沿水平段的变化方程，利用动量守恒原理，推导了沿水平井筒的蒸汽干度分布和压力分布计算公式，构建了摩擦力做功、湿蒸汽混合物密度、水平段吸汽量和井筒与油层之间的热传递计算模型，模型同时考虑了变质量流与蒸汽PVT参数的变化对计算结果的影响，采用按压力增量迭代的计算方法对模型进行求解。实例的模型计算结果与油藏数值模拟结果对比表明，新模型具有较高的计算精度。     

Assessment of study abroad outcomes in Chinese as a second language: gains in cross-cultural adaptability,language contact and proficiency

Participants were 109 American college students studying Chinese in a study-abroad programme in Beijing. Following Kelley and Meyer, intercultural competence was defined as cross-cultural adaptability involving four dimensions (emotional resilience, flexibility/openness, perceptual acuity and personal autonomy) and was measured with a survey. A language contact questionnaire was used to document the amount of time spent on social activities. Language proficiency was measured with a standardised Chinese test. Results revealed that intercultural competence and language contact combined explained 37.7% of the proficiency gains. Language contact had direct effects on proficiency, but intercultural competence had indirect effects, mediated by language contact.     

信息技术的哲学特征

信息技术区别于物质生产技术,这种区别并不在于它们的外在形态和直接产品上,而在于其功能意义的不同,前者服务于人的精神或信息需要,后者服务于人的物质生活需要;基于物质和信息的本体论关系,两种技术之间也存在着复杂丰富的关联性。以计算机和网络为代表的现代器具信息技术具有了与传统信息技术不同的新特征,并导致了不同信息技术之间乃至信息技术与物质生产技术之间的"会聚",导致我们关于技术的哲学观念正在发生新的变化。     

我国食品安全监管体制研究——兼评我国《食品安全法》

我国食品安全监管的主要问题表现为行政监管组织法体系不健全、监管主体过多、行政监管权分配不合理以及对监管主体缺乏有力的责任约束机制。2009年2月通过的《食品安全法》并没有改变分段监管的模式，食品安全委员会权限设置不明确，影响监管力度。结合我国国情，要完善安全监管行政组织法体系、推行渐进式统一模式，将各个环节的监管职权逐步整合于食品药品监督管理局，加大食品安全委员会的职权，增强其协调权威性，并不断加强监管机构的监管责任，建立权责一致的行政和司法责任追究制度：     

“多元一体”格局下我国濒危语言的保护与对策

濒危语言保护是当前我国急需面对的一个难题。伴随着语言的消失,我国民族文化多样性也会遭到破坏,中华民族"多元一体"格局体系也会受冲击,可能从而引发一系列的民族问题。本文主要通过对中华民族"多元一体"格局与濒危语言关系的论述引发人们对濒危语言的关注,并尝试结合我国当前的实际,提出适合我国语言保护的一些对策。     

论湖北咨议局从主张立宪到参与武昌首义的转变

湖北咨议局是试图推行资产阶级君主立宪政体下的一个省级地方议会的预备机构,却在资产阶级宪政请愿运动中一再受挫,由绝望毅然转向革命,在武昌首义中推波助澜.湖北咨议局立场的转变对于武昌首义成果的巩固与扩大乃至对于辛亥革命在全国的深入发展起到了非常重要的组织和促进作用.     

Internationalization and Performance of Firms in China: Moderating Effects of Governance Structure and the Degree of Centralized Control

This study proposes necessary modifications to the existing internationalization–performance relationship to meet the idiosyncrasies of China-specific contexts. We first hypothesize an S-shaped internationalization–performance relationship as the baseline and then investigate the moderating effects of a firm's governance structure and the degree of centralized government control on the relationship between its internationalization and performance. The results, based on a longitudinal sample of manufacturing firms in China for the 2001–2007 period, indicate that (1) the S-shaped internationalization–performance relationship holds for firms in China; (2) the governance structure moderates the internationalization–performance relationship such that increased profitability through internationalization is more likely for modernized firms than for their conventional local counterparts; and (3) the degree of centralized control moderates the internationalization–performance relationship such that increased profitability through internationalization is more likely for firms affiliated with higher level governments than for those affiliated with lower-level governments.