中国高校研究生创新基地建设效果研究与建议

对中国6所高校的19个研究生创新基地进行调查。调查发现,大部分创新基地软硬件设施配套充足,无论是实践课程还是科研课题研究,在指导教师、仪器设备、资金三方面创新基地均为研究生开展创新活动提供了有效支撑。通过参与创新基地的学习与研究,研究生的动手能力与独立思考能力得到提升,持续开展科研课题的动力得到激发,创新基地得到研究生的高度认可。同时也发现,研究生之间主动开展实践交流的机会很少,实验室对外开放性有限,也没有形成多元化的教师组为研究生开展专门指导。为此,应结合学科资源与校外资源加大对创新基地的投入,建立多元化的咨询指导队伍、后续的学术交流与科研成果孵化平台,进一步提升研究生的科研能力与创新水平。     

比较法视野下的非正当当事人变更制度研究

非正当当事人这一概念伴随着形式当事人概念的发展而发展,在民事诉讼中已经获得了独立地位,要求通过程序的构建合理处理非正当当事人。我国现行立法对此内容未加规定,以德日为代表的大陆法系、以英美为代表的英美法系、前苏联与俄罗斯则分别形成了一套非正当当事人变更制度,分析三者制度运行的环境及存在价值,对我国的非正当当事人变更制度的研究大有裨益。在借鉴及构建非正当当事人变更制度的过程中,仍需要从理论系统性、立法沿革、司法实践的规范性以及与相邻制度的契合性出发,注意平衡涉及的几种价值理念。     

What is natural fertility? The remodeling of a concept

This paper applies three log-linear models to Louis Henry's original 1961 natural fertility data in order to test various assumptions leading to ways of obtaining a standard natural fertility schedule through explicit modeling. "The models specify that births follow an independent Poisson distribution for each age interval of each population. All parameters are estimated through an iterative maximum-likelihood procedure." The author suggests that the model selected provides better estimates of the standard natural fertility function than previous models.     

Correctly understand and use the measures of progress of the family planning program]

It is necessary to understand correctly the measures of progress in the accomplishments of family planning work. From a developmental and historical perspective the primary measures are constantly in flux. In the last decade, the criteria used to assess the progress have ranged from the natural rate of growth to the birth rate, to multiple-child rate, and to the planned family rate, all of which reflect different emphasis in the various stages of family planning work. They also show a tendency toward making planning work more scientific. None of the criteria is flawless, however. For instance, the planned family rate can be influenced by the total number of births. When that number increases, it can cause the planned family rate to decrease; or, when the number of births decreases, the planned family rate can increase. The measures used for assessing the accomplishments of family planning work only reflect individual aspects of the work; it can never reflect the totality of family planning work because the scope is so vast, encompassing virtually all levels and organizations of society.     

Geographic mobility of scientists: Sex differences and family constraints

Women scientists are much more likely than men scientists to be in two-career marriages. This study examines the argument that the higher prevalence of two-career marriages among women scientists presents a significant impediment to their geographic mobility. Three hypotheses are developed and tested. First. scientists in two-career families are less likely to migrate than scientists in one-career families. Second, the effect of two-career marriages on the probability of migration differs with gender; women are affected more negatively. Third, the effect of children on the probability of migration differs with gender; women are affected more negatively. The empirical work uses a data set of doctoral scientists extracted from the 5% Public Use Microdata Sample from the 1990 census. The first two hypotheses are not confirmed by the empirical results. but we find evidence supporting the third. Family constraints on women scientists’ careers generally appear to be weak. but become acute when they have children.     

20世纪以来中国农地产权制度的演变特征与启示

近代以来,中国农地产权制度的演变经历了四个阶段,其特征是:清末民初的停滞与腐朽;南京国民政府时期的改良;建国至改革开放时期的重构与冒进;改革开放后的探索与创新。本文对这四个阶段的土地流转情况进行总结,得出如下启示:以家庭为单位的农地产权基础是当前中国农业生产力解放与发展的客观要求;遏制农地的流失,保持人地比例的稳定是农地产权管理的当务之急;减轻农地经营负担,加大对农地的投入是理顺农地产权关系的必要前提。     

写实剧与浪漫剧的新变——抗战及40年代话剧叙论之二

从抗战到20世纪40年代末的12年,是中国话剧的辉煌一纪:话剧运动持续开展,成为战时社会动员的有力手段,话剧艺术也在普及的演出中获得全面提升,话剧创作迎来了全面的繁荣.除了成就显著的历史剧外,左翼剧作家的写实剧在人性开掘和社会讽喻上取得了前所未有的成就,浪漫剧则拓展为传奇的情节剧和抒情的情调剧,为在战火中坚守苦熬的观众们提供了多样的美感.     

论和谐社会语境中的政策平等

政策平等是政府对公共资源分配应然的价值取向,公民基于其平等的政治地位而应当享有平等参与政策、并决定公共决策的权利,公共政策对政治、经济、文化权利的分配,应当体现平等原则,给每一位公民平等的伦理关怀。政策平等的要求优先于效益的安排,这是社会主义本质内在的要求,也是人的全面发展的内在要求,还是政策公共性的内在要求。     

全球产业转移:分散化、集群路径与规制

经济全球化,使全球产业结构调整和空间配置呈现出生产分散化、研发本土化的趋势.期间,发达国家以跨国公司为主力的企业越过国界,通过产业转移与其他国家或地区的产业结构体系对接,逐渐形成专业化分工与协作的产业集群,并推动产业结构不断升级和调整.作为发达国家生产分散化之产品"外包"的转移地域,中国产业成长与发展既面临着一系列有利的条件,也面临着一系列困难和挑战.     

我国社会救助制度的发展和完善

作者对《城市流浪乞讨人员收容遣送办法》和《城市生活无着的流浪乞讨人员救助管理办法》进行了分析和比较，指出了《救助管理办法》的不足，提出了进一步完善我国救助管理制度的建议。