汉斯·摩根索的“国家利益”概念探究

"国家利益"概念是摩根索政治现实主义理论的核心概念,它被视为难以捉摸的概念。摩根索关于"国家利益"的观点,可以放在弗里德里希·迈内克的"国家理由"观念的视野中来解读。从摩根索论及"国家利益"的文本中,可以发现理解摩根索"国家利益"观的门径。对这些文本的研究表明:摩根索赋予"国家利益"概念理论与实践双重功能;"国家利益"的构成要素包含相对永恒的要素与可变要素,以及物质性要素与非物质性要素。此外,摩根索的"国家利益"概念具有合理性、道德性与非排他性。重要的是,摩根索不否认"国家利益"包含国家追求的诸如自由、繁荣等终极目标,但是为了应对道德价值演变成意识形态的情势,他认为有必要暂时不涉及国家追求的终极目标。     

空间正义之维的新时代城市治理

习近平总书记明确指出,城市治理是推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的重要内容,城市治理的核心目标是维护空间正义;新时代城市治理以促进空间产品分配正义为基点,在对空间环境和社会关系的治理中建设美好美丽的空间场所以维护人民群众的发展正义;以党的十九届四中全会关于国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的新要求为指导,探索新时代城市治理的过程机制和方式方法,切实推进人民群众的空间分配正义、空间协商正义和空间关系正义.     

A Bayesian adaptive design for biosimilar trials with time-to-event endpoint

A biosimilar drug is a biological product that is highly similar to and at the same time has no clinically meaningful difference from licensed product in terms of safety, purity, and potency. Biosimilar study design is essential to demonstrate the equivalence between biosimilar drug and reference product. However, existing designs and assessment methods are primarily based on binary and continuous endpoints. We propose a Bayesian adaptive design for biosimilarity trials with time-to-event endpoint. The features of the proposed design are twofold. First, we employ the calibrated power prior to precisely borrow relevant information from historical data for the reference drug. Second, we propose a two-stage procedure using the Bayesian biosimilarity index (BBI) to allow early stop and improve the efficiency. Extensive simulations are conducted to demonstrate the operating characteristics of the proposed method in contrast with some naive method. Sensitivity analysis and extension with respect to the assumptions are presented.     

话语重塑与概念流变:从中华民族到中华民族共同体

准确梳理和认识从中华民族到中华民族共同体的概念流变,有利于准确理解中华民族共同体的内涵,是铸牢中华民族共同体意识的基础性工作.中华民族概念是在近代中国内忧外患的民族危机和话语重塑中产生和发展的,经历了"大汉族主义""五族共和""国族主义"等内涵演变.中华人民共和国成立后,民族区域自治制度和民族政策趋向于关注和关怀少数民族"多元",中华民族概念在相当长的时期内被虚化.新时代以来,习近平提出的"中华民族共同体"是对"中华民族""中华各民族""中国各民族"等概念的更高层次表达,是中华民族概念的最优表达.     

Online MapReduce processing on two identical parallel machines

In this work we investigate the online over-list MapReduce processing problem on two identical parallel machines, aiming at minimizing the makespan. Jobs are revealed one by one, and each job consists of one map task and one reduce task. The map task can be arbitrarily split and processed on both machines simultaneously, while the reduce task has to be processed on a single machine and it cannot be started unless the map task has been completed. We first show that the general case of the problem reduces to the classical two machine online scheduling model with an optimal competitive ratio of 3/2. For a special case where the map task is at least as long as the reduce task, we prove that no online algorithm can be less than 4/3-competitive. An optimal Greedy algorithm with a matching competitive ratio is proposed as well.     

艺术设计教育理念与文化产业需求意向的对接

以培养符合文化产业发展需求意向以及知识结构合理的复合型人才为目的，探讨艺术设计教育理念与文化产业诉求的契合点，分析艺术设计教育理念的定位调整对文化产业市场及文化产业综合形象力的提升产生的积极作用，进而得出艺术设计教育理念与文化产业需求意向的对接，关系到艺术设计教育的发展前景，并对文化产业起到推进动能和促进作用，对文化价值观产生不可估量的影响。     

保温层的临界热绝缘直径

通过对传热速率随保温层直径增加而变化的讨论,得出结论,保温层直径必须大于保温层的临界热绝缘直径,才能降低热损失。     

提高矮个篮球中锋的进攻能力

自从篮球运动在世界上广泛开展以来,中锋的位置,一直被高大队员所占据。作者针对某些球队因中锋身材不够高而影响内线攻击力等情况,提出自己的观点,特别指出,在训练中,中锋在思想作风、技术、战术及心理方面所要着重解决的问题和方法,     

汽轮发电机转子静挠度的多元统计分析

讨论了如何用多元线性回归分析的统计方法与有限元法相结合,计算发电机组转子的热应变、基础负载沉降及支承预诸因素影响下的静挠曲线。     

国有商业银行贷款风险现状分析及优化策略

运用现代商业银行管理理论,对国有商业银行贷款风险的现状与成因进行了分析与探索,并就国有商业银行贷款风险的控制及优化策略作了论述,