输入强化对习得英语方式副词位置规则的影响

以英语方式副词位置为强化对象,研究输入流、文本强化以及两者结合使用这三种输入强化方式是否能够帮助学习者习得英语方式副词的位置规则,并对其效果进一步深入探讨。实验结果表明：三种输入强化方式都能帮助学生习得方式副词位置规则,但输入强化的有效应用是有条件的,输入强化的效果会受研究中受试者以及被强化的对象等因素的影响。此外,相对于单一强化,复合强化通常更能有效地促进目标语的学习,但当单一强化能有效地促进目标语学习的时候,复合强化不能帮助学习者取得显著性的优异成绩,从而表明复合强化并不总是必要的。     

简论古典戏曲中的“速配”现象

"速配"在古典戏曲中普遍存在,且其速度令人惊诧。究其原因,有以下几点:首先,古代礼教的严苛挤压了青年男女从容恋爱的空间,使得偶然的邂逅变成了千载难逢的旷世一遇。其次,本能压抑之后的非常方式的爆发也是促成速配的重要因素。再次,才色相倾的交往模式使得速配成为可能。同时,速配很容易构成剧情悬疑,引发观众的观赏兴趣。最后,速配作为"传奇"之"奇",在戏剧中往往可以形成"夺目"的艺术效果。     

A visualization method measuring the performance of biomarkers for guiding treatment decisions

Biomarkers that predict efficacy and safety for a given drug therapy become increasingly important for treatment strategy and drug evaluation in personalized medicine. Methodology for appropriately identifying and validating such biomarkers is critically needed, although it is very challenging to develop, especially in trials of terminal diseases with survival endpoints. The marker‐by‐treatment predictiveness curve serves this need by visualizing the treatment effect on survival as a function of biomarker for each treatment. In this article, we propose the weighted predictiveness curve (WPC). Based on the nature of the data, it generates predictiveness curves by utilizing either parametric or nonparametric approaches. Especially for nonparametric predictiveness curves, by incorporating local assessment techniques, it requires minimum model assumptions and provides great flexibility to visualize the marker‐by‐treatment relationship. WPC can be used to compare biomarkers and identify the one with the highest potential impact. Equally important, by simultaneously viewing several treatment‐specific predictiveness curves across the biomarker range, WPC can also guide the biomarker‐based treatment regimens. Simulations representing various scenarios are employed to evaluate the performance of WPC. Application on a well‐known liver cirrhosis trial sheds new light on the data and leads to discovery of novel patterns of treatment biomarker interactions. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

论封龙山文化的形成与内涵

封龙山作为“燕赵文化名山”,有着悠久的历史传承和厚重的文化底蕴。封龙山文化的形成首先与毗邻曾为政治、经济、文化中心的特殊地理位置有关,其次是它对周边地区的广泛影响而形成了人才辈出群星璀璨的局面。封龙山作为中国古代传统文化的重要发祥地之一,为中华文明做出了卓越的贡献,并在以后封龙山文化在不断发展的过程中,表现出了极大的包融性,其丰富的文化内涵体现于三个方面：科学与信仰相容、 佛教与道教双修、修德与崇礼共存。     

中西方丧葬习俗差异及文化透视

死亡是人生的最后归宿,丧葬是对一个生命结束的最后处置仪式和对生命体死亡超越的一种寄托。中西方传统丧葬在举办主体及程序、墓地选址及建设、丧葬基调、丧葬用具等习俗方面存在着巨大差异,从中可以折射出中外文化的不同。受中国城市化建设以及西方文化在华传播的影响,中国现代丧葬仪式开始呈现出程序化、中西文化交融的特征。在文化多元化的今天,摒弃封建迷信的同时,中国应该继承发扬优秀的传统文化,发出文化最强音。     

湘西凤凰非物质文化遗产的开发与保护

湘西凤凰民俗文化特色鲜明,传承千载,是我国宝贵的非物质文化遗产,而过度的商业化和非保护性开发导致其传承问题逐渐突出,科学的保护和开发是凤凰民俗面临的重要问题。针对目前保护和开发凤凰民俗文化最突出的原真性差、口传艺术弱化、管理不科学及缺乏提炼创新问题,采用科学的方法、合理的开发手段、创新的模式,并和现代的文化、科技相结合,才可以实现最佳的保护和传承效果。     

盘形钻头刮切实验数据分析处理

简要介绍了盘形钻头的结构特点及工作机理,着重对盘形牙轮钻头9种不同结构参数的盘形切削齿与目前镶齿牙轮钻头上使用的瓢形和楔形齿在重庆砂岩上进行了刮切对比实验的实验数据进行了分析处理。求出了刮切实验中测得的不同牙齿在刮切过程中的刮切力的最大值、最小值、平均值和刮切单位体积岩石所需的刮切力的大小,得到了不同结构牙齿在刮切重庆砂岩时的刮切效果,为进一步设计出实用于中硬及软地层并具有较高综合工作性能的盘形钻头提供了实验数据。     

基于灰色系统的小型精密机床热误差模型

为减少热误差对数控机床加工精度的影响,文章利用灰色系统研究热误差建模。初步分析机床热源后,应用灰 色关联度分析结合模糊分类方法优化得到13组关键温度测点,结合小型精密五轴机床处于实际加工状态时的实验数 据,应用GM(I,N)灰色结构进行建模。将实际数据与拟合数据进行对比分析,结果表明此灰色系统模型具有计算方法 成熟、鲁棒性强的特点,适用于机床热误差研究。     

Testing Serial Correlation in Partially Linear Additive Errors-in-variables Models

This article considers testing serial correlation in partially linear additive errors-in-variables model. Based on the empirical likelihood based approach, a test statistic was proposed, and it was shown to follow asymptotically a chi-square distribution under the null hypothesis of no serial correlation. Finally, some simulation studies are conducted to illustrate the performance of the proposed method.     

An Improved Distribution-free EWMA Mean Chart

Control charts are effective tools for signal detection in both manufacturing processes and service processes. Much service data come from a process with variables having nonnormal or unknown distributions. The commonly used Shewhart variable control charts, which depend heavily on the normality assumption, should not be properly used here. In this article, we propose an improved asymmetric EWMA mean chart based on a simple statistic to monitor process mean shift. We explored the sampling properties of the new monitoring statistic and calculated the average run lengths of the proposed asymmetric EWMA mean chart. We recommend the proposed improved asymmetric EWMA mean chart because the average run lengths of the modified charts are more accurate and reasonable than those of the five existed mean charts. A numerical example of service times with a right skewed distribution from a service system of a bank branch is used to illustrate the application of the improved asymmetric EWMA mean chart and to compare it with the five existing mean charts. The proposed chart showed better detection performance than those of the five existing mean charts in monitoring and detecting shifts in the process mean.