培训时间对农民工收入的影响

本文依据2008年中国城乡劳动力流动调查数据,应用广义倾向分方法分析一般培训和专门培训的培训时间对农民工收入的影响。研究结果表明:一般培训和专门培训均有助于农民工收入水平的提升。随着培训时间的延长,培训时间对农民工收入的边际影响递减。农民工接受一般培训在30天以内或专门培训在120天以内,其收入水平将随着培训时间的延长而显著得到提升;但一般培训时间超过30天或专门培训超过120天后,其收入水平并未随着培训时间的延长而得到进一步的提升。因此,政府和企业在努力扩大农民工培训覆盖面的同时,适度调整农民工的培训时间,将有助于农民工整体工资水平的显著提升。     

从主权国家的兴衰看权力博弈形态的转型

传统的国际关系理论,无论是现实主义、自由主义、建构主义还是科学行为主义理论,都是把主权国家抽象成一个统一的国际关系行为体。这一行为主体有一致的利益,也自然要有一致的对外政策目标和手段。在20世纪,尤其是在两次世界大战和冷战期间,这一概念抽象是非常准确的。但冷战结束以后,尤其是进入21世纪以后,这一概念抽象逐渐与国际关系的现实相违背。一方面,国家综合实力并不能直接转化为具体领域的竞争优势;另一方面,很多国家,包括超级大国在内,其对外政策的主要阻力可能不是所谓的竞争对手,而是其国内不同的利益集团。这导致传统的国际关系理论,从假设到概念和推理层面,都已经无法解释和预测今天的世界,而权力小博弈理论可以为认识多元复杂互动博弈时代的国际关系提供一个新的解释框架。     

儒、道互补视阈中的道家社会和谐理念

道家的社会和谐理念是自然型的,与儒家的伦理型和谐理念形成了对比。但从比较的视角来看,道家与儒家的社会和谐理念在忠信、贵和、民本、风俗淳美、可持续发展等方面是直接相通的。道家主张的自发式秩序、柔性秩序、生态文明与儒家所体现的教化性命令式秩序、刚性秩序、礼乐文明相反而相成,形成互补性结构,有一定的现代价值和现代化空间。     

Inferences on the Means of Two Log-Normal Distributions: A Computational Approach Test

In this article, we propose a novel approach for testing the equality of two log-normal populations using a computational approach test (CAT) that does not require explicit knowledge of the sampling distribution of the test statistic. Simulation studies demonstrate that the proposed approach can perform hypothesis testing with satisfying actual size even at small sample sizes. Overall, it is superior to other existing methods. Also, a CAT is proposed for testing about reliability of two log-normal populations when the means are the same. Simulations show that the actual size of this new approach is close to nominal level and better than the score test. At the end, the proposed methods are illustrated using two examples.     

A new long-term survival model with dispersion induced by discrete frailty

Lifetime Data Analysis - Frailty models are generally used to model heterogeneity between the individuals. The distribution of the frailty variable is often assumed to be continuous. However, there...     

行政参与中的激励机制探析——以城市治理中参加人的利益平衡为视角

作为现代开放式行政的重要手段之一,行政参与不仅已经广泛应用于各级政府的工作实践,而且也在我国的立法中得到了逐步确认。然而当前在不同的行政领域中还存在着"参与充分"和"参与不足"并存的现象。仅就后者而言,其产生的原因主要是环境、卫生、社区治理等行政领域与参加人的直接利害关系相对较弱,参加人在付出了参与成本之后难以得到直接回报。为改变这一现状,有必要通过行政法律规范为参加人设计合理的激励机制,提高参加人的选择性收益,从而吸引其积极、健康地参与其中。     

基于DFA和SVR的GDP预测模型研究

首先对1980—2013年全国年度GDP数据进行消除趋势分析（DFA），发现GDP时序具有长记忆性，表明当前GDP值用来预测未来一段时间内的GDP值具有可行性，在此基础上利用具有非线性和强泛化能力特点的支持向量回归机（SVR），建立SVR预测模型,得到了较好的预测效果.     

巴渝古崖居的空间分布与景观特征

巴渝古崖居的分布与地理、地质、交通等诸多因素有关，以成渝交通要道、长江干流和支流为线，串起沿途各个点，由线成面，呈现出渝西、渝东北两头集中、整体北多南少的分布特征。巴渝古崖居大多开凿于明清晚期，这一时期巴渝许多地区战乱频繁、匪患猖獗。古崖居的集中分布与这些地区相吻合，从侧面印证了巴渝古崖居的空间分布特征。巴渝古崖居的广泛开凿体现了古人高超的建筑艺术以及社会历史文化的变迁。     

Cross‐Sectional Psychological and Demographic Associations of Zika Knowledge and Conspiracy Beliefs Before and After Local Zika Transmission

Perceptions of infectious diseases are important predictors of whether people engage in disease‐specific preventive behaviors. Having accurate beliefs about a given infectious disease has been found to be a necessary condition for engaging in appropriate preventive behaviors during an infectious disease outbreak, while endorsing conspiracy beliefs can inhibit preventive behaviors. Despite their seemingly opposing natures, knowledge and conspiracy beliefs may share some of the same psychological motivations, including a relationship with perceived risk and self‐efficacy (i.e., control). The 2015–2016 Zika epidemic provided an opportunity to explore this. The current research provides some exploratory tests of this topic derived from two studies with similar measures, but different primary outcomes: one study that included knowledge of Zika as a key outcome and one that included conspiracy beliefs about Zika as a key outcome. Both studies involved cross‐sectional data collections that occurred during the same two periods of the Zika outbreak: one data collection prior to the first cases of local Zika transmission in the United States (March–May 2016) and one just after the first cases of local transmission (July–August). Using ordinal logistic and linear regression analyses of data from two time points in both studies, the authors show an increase in relationship strength between greater perceived risk and self‐efficacy with both increased knowledge and increased conspiracy beliefs after local Zika transmission in the United States. Although these results highlight that similar psychological motivations may lead to Zika knowledge and conspiracy beliefs, there was a divergence in demographic association.