从系统论角度研究篮球比赛中团队合作的必要性

篮球运动是一种典型的团体运动项目,团队合作是一支球队胜败的关键。一支完整的篮球队是一个开放的系统,系统处于和谐稳定状态时,是系统功能发挥的最佳状态。系统的这种和谐与稳定,需要系统内部诸因素之间协调的配合来实现,对一支篮球队来说,就意味着球队成员之间的密切合作,即团队合作。从集体的整体利益出发,多人囚徒困境的最优选择是相互合作。增强队员的合作意识,提高球队的团队合作能力,对于球队能否取得优异成绩具有重要的意义。     

媒介素养教育:媒介化时代中小学生素质教育的重要内容

随着媒介化时代的到来和素质教育的深入开展,在中小学生中开展媒介素养教育势在必行。学校、社会和家庭必须共同努力、多元合作,为中小学生构建开展媒介素养教育的良好媒介环境,保障媒介素养教育的有效开展,切实提高中小学生的媒介素养,使他们学会利用媒介来服务自我和完善自我,以促进中小学生的身心和谐健康成长。     

Effects of Risk Representation and Scope on Willingness to Pay for Reduced Risks: Evidence from Tokyo Bay, Japan

When applying the contingent valuation method (CVM) in risk reduction studies, some studies report that willingness to pay (WTP) is insensitive to the magnitude of risk reduction while other studies do not. On the other hand, social-psychological research has shown that the affect heuristic biases judgments on probability, relative frequency, and risk. This article examines both magnitude (or scope) effect and affect heuristic (or representation) effect on WTP for risk reduction measures against tsunamis by introducing two experimental (i.e., absolute and relative) systems with four different representations to evaluate public behaviors in two different scenarios of risk reduction. Two common denominators (100 and 10,000) are introduced into absolute risk reduction representation (i.e., "of every 100 persons, from present 2 deaths to 1") to form different formats (i.e., "of every 10,000 persons from 200 to 100," and "of every 100,000 persons from 2,000 deaths to 1,000"). There is little evidence that WTP estimates are sufficiently sensitive to the magnitude of risk reduction, but relative risk reduction representations may be better than the absolute one given in CVM mail surveys when the risk is small. There is a statistically insignificant effect of risk reduction representations on respondent frequency, but mixed effects on the monetary values of WTP at the level of 0.05. The representation effect of absolute risk reduction on the WTP value varies with the common denominator. The larger the common denominator, the less the WTP to reduce the risk of tsunamis, and the significance probability is improved to less than the level of 0.05 when the common denominator becomes large enough. The findings suggest that improved methods are required for estimating the rates of tradeoff between fatality risk and other goods among consumers.     

论陆机《拟古诗》、《赴洛道中作》等五言诗的写作时间

陆机应是南人中写作新兴五言诗的第一人,其五言诗风格和成就,是陆机入洛学习和仿效曹魏文化的结果;陆机代表作《赴洛道中作》,应是陆机多次赴洛中的晚年之作;陆机对曹植代表的建安诗风的模拟仿作,正是陆机对曹魏文化学习和模拟的结果,其中对十九首的拟作,也应该是陆机在北方生活了相当长时间之后的作品,而非陆机赴洛之前所作.     

Locally optimal designs for some dose–response models with continuous endpoints

We consider the problem of constructing static (or non sequential), approximate optimal designs for a class of dose–response models with continuous outcomes. We obtain conditions for a design being D-optimal or c-optimal. The designs are locally optimal in that they depend on the model parameters. The efficiency studies show that these designs have high efficiency when the mis-specification of the initial values of model parameters is not severe. A case study indicates that using an optimal design may result in a significant saving of resources.     

Welfare residualism: a comparative study of the Basic Livelihood Security systems in China and South Korea

Gao Q, Yoo J, Yang S‐M, Zhai F. Welfare residualism: a comparative study of the Basic Livelihood Security systems in China and South Korea Int J Soc Welfare 2011: 20: 113–124 © 2010 The Author(s), International Journal of Social Welfare © 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd and International Journal of Social Welfare. In this article, the Basic Livelihood Security (BLS) systems of China and South Korea are compared. The purpose of BLS is to provide a safety net for poor families, particularly the unemployed and the retired who were hard‐hit by recent economic reforms and crises. A common characteristic of the two systems is residual welfare marked by strict eligibility rules and limited coverage. Both systems are subordinate to the primary goal of economic growth and therefore only compensate for the very disadvantaged left behind by market competition. Neither system is particularly effective in achieving its original antipoverty goals. However, South Korea's provision of self‐support programs to supplement cash transfers has helped individuals to move from welfare to work, and thus has implications for China's BLS system. Both countries need to put more emphasis on equity and social justice in their ongoing reforms and expansions of BLS.     

服务水平约束下的建筑安装行业多仓库联合库存系统模型研究

本文针对建筑安装行业库存管理的特点,对其不同地点的多个仓库的库存方式进行综合分析,建立了服务水平约束下的建筑安装行业多仓库联合库存系统模型,给出了相应的数学模型与算法。通过算例验证表明,服务水平约束下的建筑安装行业多仓库联合库存系统模型可以有效降低建设项目的库存成本,对增加企业利润有着十分重要的现实意义。     

普查数据质量与调查方法——关于将身份证号码纳入普查问卷的探讨

文章通过对第五次和第六次全国人口普查方式的对比,分析人口普查过程中出现的遗漏和重复问题与调查方法之间的联系,认为2000年第五次人口普查常住地登记原则使得大量流动人口被漏登,改进后的2010年第六次人口普查"见人就登"原则则导致了重复登记状况的出现。针对六普存在的重报现象,文章针对用来排除重复数据的识别码问题进行探讨。经过分析我国身份证号码的天然优势,参考国际上对身份证号码及其类似号码的使用情况,建议将身份证号码纳入以后的人口普查问卷。这一方面可以把身份证号码作为简单、易登记的识别码,从根本上解决重报问题;另一方面可通过比对身份证号码数据库,在一定程度上解决漏报问题,从而提高普查数据的质量。     

African American males in foster care and the risk of delinquency: the value of social bonds and permanence

Juvenile delinquency remains a significant problem for child welfare systems throughout the United States. Victims of child abuse and neglect are more likely relative to children in the general population to engage in delinquency (Ryan & Testa, 2005; Widom, 1989). Although the magnitude of this relationship is not fully understood (Zingraff, Leiter, Myers, & Johnsen, 1993), the risk of delinquency is particularly high for African American males, adolescents, and children in substitute care settings. Unfortunately little is known about the factors that connect the experiences of maltreatment and delinquency. This lack of knowledge makes it nearly impossible to decrease the risk of delinquency for children in foster care. To improve the understanding of juvenile delinquency in the child welfare system, the current study tests aspects of social control theory within the context of foster care. We focus specifically on the effects of foster parent-foster child attachment, commitment, and permanence. The results indicate that strong levels of attachment decrease the risk of delinquency for youth in foster care. Involvement with religious organizations also decreases the risk of delinquency. In contrast, perceptions of placement instability, placement with relatives, and school suspensions are associated with an increased risk of delinquency.     

闭环供应链下再制造生产计划研究述评

再制造是实现循环经济"减量化、再利用、资源化"三原则的重要途径。再制造生产活动中,计划扮演着重要的先行角色。本文根据再制造系统的回收和拆卸特色,先讨论与再制造生产计划有关的几个重要参数;然后从再制造生产计划的结构层次入手,对再制造生产计划领域的研究进展进行探析;最后指出目前研究不足之处以及未来研究的可能方向。