我国制造型企业市场导向和创新导向对新产品绩效影响的实证研究

本研究基于我国227家制造型企业的问卷调查数据,实证考察了市场导向和创新导向对新产品开发绩效的影响,以及创新导向和环境变动在市场导向和新产品绩效关系中的调节作用。结果显示:(1)本研究的概念模型整体拟合度优于西方常用模型;(2)市场导向和创新导向对制造型企业新产品开发绩效的影响显著为正,且均高于以前文献研究的一般水平;(3)创新导向和技术变化对于市场导向和新产品绩效的关系起到正向调节作用;(4)市场变化和竞争强度的调节作用不显著。研究结果对于制造型企业改善产品创新绩效具有重要的启示意义。     

我国全要素能源效率的测度与分析

考虑到能源与资本、劳动力等投入要素间普遍存在的替代效应,本文通过全要素能源效率指标考察我国能源利用水平的时空变化特征,并利用计量模型分析全要素生产率各分解部分对能源效率的影响作用。研究表明:我国总体及区域内的全要素能源效率自2001年起出现了退化现象,区域间能源效率的差异性较为显著,且有扩大趋势;全要素能源效率与全要素生产率之间关系密切,技术进步、纯技术效率和规模效率对能源效率的改善均具有促进作用,软技术的贡献甚至已超越了传统科技进步的功效。     

治理环境、超额持有现金与过度投资——基于我国上市公司面板数据的分析

本文以2002-2006年非金融行业的上市公司为样本,考察公司超额持有现金是否导致过度投资,进而检验公司治理环境的改善能否抑制超额持有现金导致的过度投资行为,以及公司治理环境的这种作用是否与公司终极控制人性质有关.结果发现,公司超额持有现金会导致过度投资行为,而公司治理环境的改进有利于抑制公司超额持有现金导致的过度投资行为,但上市公司的国有性质弱化了公司治理环境的这种治理效应.     

公司治理环境、治理行为与治理绩效的关系研究——基于中国电信产业演进的证据

本文将公司治理环境、治理行为及治理绩效间关系这一研究问题寓于作为复杂经济系统的中国电信产业演进和改革过程之中,通过事件分析和时间序列分析方法的结合运用,在搜集中国电信产业1949年-2009年、中国移动通信集团公司1997年-2007年发展数据以及对其进行案例研究的基础上,得出以下结论:中国公司治理环境和治理行为的发展过程遵循间断均衡演进规律;中国公司治理行为呈现对治理环境的整体跟踪与滞后效应,并积极应对环境变化,对环境产生影响;治理环境与治理绩效具有密切关系,公司治理结构和机制的完善以及战略能力的提升是治理缋效提升的前置因素.     

Impact of Water Level Rise on Urban Infrastructures: Washington,DC, and Shanghai as Case Studies

The observed global sea level rise owing to climate change, coupled with the potential increase in extreme storms, requires a reexamination of existing infrastructural planning, construction, and management practices. Storm surge shows the effects of rising sea levels. The recent super storms that hit the United States (e.g., Hurricane Katrina in 2005, Sandy in 2012, Harvey and Maria in 2017) and China (e.g., Typhoon Haiyan in 2010) inflicted serious loss of life and property. Water level rise (WLR) of local coastal areas is a combination of sea level rise, storm surge, precipitation, and local land subsidence. Quantitative assessments of the impact of WLR include scenario identification, consequence assessment, vulnerability and flooding assessment, and risk management using inventory of assets from coastal areas, particularly population centers, to manage flooding risk and to enhance infrastructure resilience of coastal cities. This article discusses the impact of WLR on urban infrastructures with case studies of Washington, DC, and Shanghai. Based on the flooding risk analysis under possible scenarios, the property loss for Washington, DC, was evaluated, and the impact on the metro system of Shanghai was examined.     

Tagged Probe Interval Graphs

A generalization of interval graph is introduced for cosmid contig mapping of DNA. A graph is a tagged probe interval graph if its vertex set can be partitioned into two subsets of probes and nonprobes, and a closed interval can be assigned to each vertex such that two vertices are adjacent if and only if at least one of them is a probe and one end of its corresponding interval is contained in the interval corresponding to the other vertex. We show that tagged probe interval graphs are weakly triangulated graphs, hence are perfect graphs. For a tagged probe interval graph with a given partition, we give a chordal completion that is consistent to any interval completions with respect to the same vertex partition.     

管理科学的新热点:供应链管理

９０年代以来,供应链管理成为增强企业竞争力最重要的方法之一。现代供应链管理传达着有别于传统思维模式的,新颖的管理哲学,因此具有明显的竞争优势,其先进的管理方法对当前中国国有企业的改革具有重要的启动与借鉴意义。     

论我国中小企业的生存与发展

当前,中小企业正成为人们关注的热点,在搞活中小企业的实践中出现了一些值得探讨的问题。本文就我国中小企业发展过程中面临的政策环境、竞争秩序、生产技术设备、技术创新体系等方面的困难和问题,提出需采取的相应对策及建议如创新、分工协作、融资渠道的开辟、服务机构的建立及法律的制定和完善等,进而提出了中小企业的发展对我国的特殊意义。     

城市商业银行的定量内控评价研究

鉴于目前城市商业银行内控评价方法的缺陷,按照综合评价的思路,本文采用层次分析法进行改进.实证表明改进方法有助于综合评价指标系统化和权重确定合理化.     

An $$O(|E(G)|^2)$$ algorithm for recognizing Pfaffian graphs of a type of bipartite graphs

A graph \(G=(V,E)\) with even number vertices is called Pfaffian if it has a Pfaffian orientation, namely it admits an orientation such that the number of edges of any M-alternating cycle which have the same direction as the traversal direction is odd for some perfect matching M of the graph G. In this paper, we obtain a necessary and sufficient condition of Pfaffian graphs in a type of bipartite graphs. Then, we design an \(O(|E(G)|^2)\) algorithm for recognizing Pfaffian graphs in this class and constructs a Pfaffian orientation if the graph is Pfaffian. The results improve and generalize some known results.