系统创新:政府的协调、对接与引导

系统创新是政府主导,市场资源配置及各类创新主体有效互动的过程。本文从系统创新的视角,重点论述了在建设创新型城市及产业结构调整中的制度、政策等系统因素,探讨了政府主导作用的内在机理,并通过对建设创新型城市及企业创新过程中的"系统失灵"等现实问题的讨论,诠释了政府在创新中的主导地位及作用。     

基于多媒体、网络技术的高职英语教学

伴随全球经济的发展,国内外市场对优秀高职院校毕业生需求的不断增加,我国的高职教学受到越来越多的关注。作为高职教育重要组成部分之一的高职英语自然也成为关注的焦点。通过论述多媒体、网络技术在高职英语教学中发挥的作用、特点和带来的挑战且结合实际的教学时间证明:运用多媒体、网络技术进行教学为高职英语教学带来了新变化,收到良好效果,符合信息时代高职英语教学的需要。     

中法教育经济学的比较研究

由于众多国家对于教育经济学的研究情况有所不同,如何找出自身发展缓慢的原因,吸取经验教训,促进其迅速发展是我国教育经济学需要面对的重要问题。中法两国教育经济学的发展具有很强的可比性,其中存在着许多相同点和不同点,从它们产生发展状况、内容、方法、所面临的问题等方面进行比较研究,对于促进我国教育经济学的发展具有启示作用。     

略论高职教师对课程改革的困扰与疏导

高职课程改革中教师常常感到困扰,困扰来自教师习惯的惰性、知识的陈旧,也有利益的担忧与体制的滞后,以及人际关系的失调等等。要消除教师对课程改革的困扰,需要耐心的疏导,树立教师为本的改革观、建立和健全吸纳教师参与的课程改革的激励机制。     

论钟嵘的诗歌批评标准及其理论体系

《诗品》是我国诗论史上第一部专论五言诗的专著。对其批评标准的解释历来有多种意见。钟嵘的《诗品》以“怨”为核心标准构建起一个完整的情感批评理论体系 ,其他问题都是围绕这一核心进行阐述的。从《诗品》对具体作家与诗歌作品的评述中分析概括钟嵘“怨”的内涵、内容、形式和艺术效果各方面的理解和要求 ,以及“怨”说在诗论史上的地位和影响。     

浅议考试作弊与作弊防范

考试与作弊是一对矛盾。防范作弊应多方考虑:加强对学生的诚信教育,改变考试形式和方法,加强制度建设,标本兼治,为考生创造公平公正的竞争环境,达到建设优良学风的目的。     

Newsvendor Problems with Demand Shocks and Unknown Demand Distributions

In today's competitive market, demand volume and even the underlying demand distribution can change quickly for a newsvendor seller. We refer to sudden changes in demand distribution as demand shocks. When a newsvendor seller has limited demand distribution information and also experiences underlying demand shocks, the majority of existing methods for newsvendor problems may not work well since they either require demand distribution information or assume stationary demand distribution. We present a new, robust, and effective machine learning algorithm for newsvendor problems with demand shocks but without any demand distribution information. The algorithm needs only an approximate estimate of the lower and upper bounds of demand range; no other knowledge such as demand mean, variance, or distribution type is necessary. We establish the theoretical bounds that determine this machine learning algorithm's performance in handling demand shocks. Computational experiments show that this algorithm outperforms the traditional approaches in a variety of situations including large and frequent shocks of the demand mean. The method can also be used as a meta‐algorithm by incorporating other traditional approaches as experts. Working together, the original algorithm and the extended meta‐algorithm can help manufacturers and retailers better adapt their production and inventory control decisions in dynamic environments where demand information is limited and demand shocks are frequent      

Quality Management in Multi‐Level Supply Chains with Outsourced Manufacturing

Outsourcing stretches supply chains longer with added contract manufacturers responsible for the manufacturing of parts and final products. Should a firm change its quality management approach as its supply chain becomes longer with outsourced manufacturing? This paper studies a brand owner's optimal choice between two commonly used quality management approaches: an inspection‐based approach and an external failure‐based approach, in two supply chains – a dyadic supply chain and a multi‐level supply chain where the brand owner outsources manufacturing to an independent contract manufacturer. Our study finds that the brand owner's optimal choice between the two quality management approaches could be opposite in the two supply chains. Specifically, we show that if agency costs exist between the contract manufacturer and the brand owner, the brand owner may prefer an inspection‐based approach in the multi‐level supply chain in contrast to preferring an external failure‐based approach in the dyadic supply chain. In particular, inspections can be effective for the brand owner to limit the manufacturer's profit by excluding defective finished products and components, which in turn reduce agency costs in the multi‐level supply chain. Hence, the efficiency of an inspection‐based approach relative to an external failure‐based approach can be higher in the multi‐level supply chain as compared to the dyadic one. Our findings suggest that firms should adjust to changes in supply chain structures and re‐evaluate the efficiencies of different quality management approaches accordingly.     

基于胜任素质的行业特色研究型大学教师管理模式构建

我国行业特色研究型大学的快速发展对教师整体素质提升和有效管理提出了更高的要求。引入胜任素质相关理论和方法,并综合运用行为事件访谈和问卷调查等,可以建立包括基本素质、教学能力、行业素养、科研能力四个维度的行业特色研究型大学教师胜任素质模型。通过实证研究,分析行业特色研究型大学教师胜任素质与工作绩效的相关关系,探析工作满意度和学术氛围在教师胜任素质与工作绩效关系中的中间作用,结果表明：工作绩效与胜任素质整体水平和各维度之间均存在显著正相关,学术氛围和工作满意度起着中间作用。依据研究结论设计的行业特色研究型大学基于胜任素质模型的教师管理框架和思路,为行业特色研究型大学教师队伍的选拔、培训和职业生涯发展规划等管理模式提供了新的视角。     

“吃空饷”治理背景下高校人事档案管理对策研究

以河北省大力开展的"吃空饷"专项治理活动为背景,指出高校人事档案管理工作中存在管理体系、管理法规、功能和管理手段四个方面的问题,分析行政管理、档案管理、人的意识以及社会需求造成以上问题的原因,提出了结合高校自身特性,加强部门沟通、完善制度化体系、应用现代化技术、转变档案意识观念等对策。