中古汉地之西域文化

社会文化生成与历史生成相互促生.文化生成主要在于文化接触、交往交融而形成复合文化.社会生成,主要指不同形态社会力量(生产方式、主体等)碰撞交流,形成新的社会特质.历史生成,因历史过程、历史事件尤其朝代更替或政权变更,使主体及其文化迁移或滞留,而产生新的社会主体或结构.即历史生成实质涵括或促动社会文化生成.同时,社会与文化生成积淀或敦促历史生成.族属、信仰之转换、转向通常基于文化、社会和历史的生成.即历史生成往往基于社会文化生成.自古代经中世纪至近代,西域文化不断东渐中土,与南北方汉文化交融生成,逐步成为现今汉文化的重要构成.此亦历史生成之内容.     

微信朋友圈：“互联网+”场域中的身份建构与文化表达

微信朋友圈是近年国内兴起的一种社会文化现象.微信中的朋友圈与现实社会中的朋友圈有共性,但差异更为明显."熟悉"的"陌生人"和"陌生"的"熟人"是微信朋友圈人际关系的两种主要状态.基于互联网等现代通讯媒介,"朋友"在微信场域中具有多重身份认同和身份建构.通过多样化的象征符号及其表达,微信朋友圈的即时互动和超地域性使其具备了现实朋友圈难以企及的社会资本动员能力和文化张力.微信红包、微信点赞、微言众听、微群讨论甚至微商广告等等,构成了"互联网+"时代微信朋友圈的基本业态和常态.微信朋友圈的出现和流行,在某种程度上看是文化与技术融合的现代性产物.作为文化与技术融合的当代社会交往媒介和载体,微信朋友圈已开始出现了一些后现代社会生活的端倪.     

Stressors beget stressors: The effect of passive leadership on employee health through workload and work–family conflict

The current study examined passive leadership as a potential antecedent of two commonly studied workplace stressors (i.e. workload and work–family conflict), and investigated its negative effect on employee burnout and physical symptoms via these stressors. We collected two waves of data from 274 focal participants, and one wave of data from their co-workers. Results showed that both self-reported and co-worker-reported passive leadership was positively related to employee burnout and physical symptoms, as well as workload and work–family conflict. Additionally, workload and work–family conflict partially mediated the effects of passive leadership on burnout and physical symptoms, respectively. Our findings support the notion that passive leadership can create a stressful workplace and have a detrimental effect on employees’ health.     

A heuristic for the time constrained asymmetric linear sum assignment problem

The linear sum assignment problem is a fundamental combinatorial optimisation problem and can be broadly defined as: given an \(n \times m, m \ge n\) benefit matrix \(B = (b_{ij})\), matching each row to a different column so that the sum of entries at the row-column intersections is maximised. This paper describes the application of a new fast heuristic algorithm, Asymmetric Greedy Search, to the asymmetric version (\(n \ne m\)) of the linear sum assignment problem. Extensive computational experiments, using a range of model graphs demonstrate the effectiveness of the algorithm. The heuristic was also incorporated within an algorithm for the non-sequential protein structure matching problem where non-sequential alignment between two proteins, normally of different numbers of amino acids, needs to be maximised.     

Total completion time minimization in online hierarchical scheduling of unit-size jobs

This paper investigates an online hierarchical scheduling problem on m parallel identical machines. Our goal is to minimize the total completion time of all jobs. Each job has a unit processing time and a hierarchy. The job with a lower hierarchy can only be processed on the first machine and the job with a higher hierarchy can be processed on any one of m machines. We first show that the lower bound of this problem is at least \(1+\min \{\frac{1}{m}, \max \{\frac{2}{\lceil x\rceil +\frac{x}{\lceil x\rceil }+3}, \frac{2}{\lfloor x\rfloor +\frac{x}{\lfloor x\rfloor }+3}\}\), where \(x=\sqrt{2m+4}\). We then present a greedy algorithm with tight competitive ratio of \(1+\frac{2(m-1)}{m(\sqrt{4m-3}+1)}\). The competitive ratio is obtained in a way of analyzing the structure of the instance in the worst case, which is different from the most common method of competitive analysis. In particular, when \(m=2\), we propose an optimal online algorithm with competitive ratio of \(16\) \(/\) \(13\), which complements the previous result which provided an asymptotically optimal algorithm with competitive ratio of 1.1573 for the case where the number of jobs n is infinite, i.e., \(n\rightarrow \infty \).     

《论法的精神》的当下意义——也评“中国法学向何处去”

《论法的精神》概括的由地理、经济、宗教等因素决定的良宪论是其核心精神,也是法治标准的核心标准,而中国现阶段的法治标准缺少这样的核心内容。中国古代政体历经君主政体、准君主政体和专制政体三个阶段,缺少宪政的阶级结构和经济基础。《论法的精神》的权力制约思想对我国现阶段仍有重大启迪意义。另外,《论法的精神》的比较研究方法、唯物主义方法、综合系统方法对我国法学有很大的借鉴作用。对＂中国法学何处去＂的回答,要点在于对中国现在国情的研究。     

马克思主义中国化背景下的党内民主文化发展

马克思主义中国化是一项伟大而艰巨的时代任务和战略课题。在这一背景下,以毛泽东、邓小平、江泽民为代表的中国共产党人继承和发展马克思主义民主理论并使之中国化,从而促进了党内民主文化的发展。探析其生成逻辑和发展成就,有助于破解当前党内民主发展的难题、推进党内民主建设。     

古代黎族的生殖崇拜文化钩沉

本文从黎族现存性崇拜遗物以及服饰图案和龙被艺术中遗存的古代信息中,钩稽出古代黎族社会中的女性生殖崇拜和男性生殖崇拜的内涵。     

跨国实践中的社会地位补偿——华南侨乡两个移民群体文化馈赠的比较研究

中国改革开放以来,海外华人移民通过文化馈赠这种跨国实践极大地促进了东南沿海地区的发展。但从我们的观察来看,不同类型的移民群体的跨国实践模式不尽相同。本文借鉴以往国际移民与跨国主义的研究,从社会学的角度提出"社会地位补偿"的范式,对分别来自广东五邑开平与海南文昌下辖两个镇的移民群体进行比较。通过分析,我们发现移民对于侨乡的文化馈赠不仅受到其个人出国前后社会地位变化的制约,而且还受多种客观因素的制约。特定的祖籍国和移居国在世界政治经济地理格局中位置的差异,移民群体在移居地的不同社会境遇以及侨乡的地方政府和地方社会均对文化馈赠产生不同程度的影响。上述这些宏观、中观与微观层面的因素交互作用,形成社会地位补偿的特殊机制,影响移民跨国实践中的文化馈赠。     

残疾儿童社会保障制度的研究

目前,政府通过发展社会保障以增进社会和谐的政策方向基本确立,倡导残疾儿童社会保障制度的适度公正机制是基于经济发展和现代社会平等两者之间的权衡。目的是使社会成员都能够普遍以适度标准不断享受经济社会发展的成果,从而有效地实现社会整合。我国已经初步具备实现残疾儿童社会保障制度的适度公正目标的条件,基于此目标,残疾儿童的社会保障制度仍存在以下制约瓶颈：相关社会保障制度建设法规滞后;政府保障主体地位缺失,财政经费投入不足;残疾儿童参与社会保障层次低、覆盖面窄;保障政策执行部门行政多头管理。因此,残疾儿童社会保障制度的制度设计需要着重于：保持经济发展水平下残疾儿童保障支付享受标准;倡导公正和能动的残疾儿童权利保障价值取向：界定政府责任边界和立法,广泛动员社会力量;整合政府部门残疾儿童社会保障资源。