基于国外经验的农商行公司治理内外部机制完善

当前,全国农村信用合作社大多已经改制为农村商业银行,改制后其如何服务经济发展仍需持续探索.现实问题在于,乡村振兴战略下的涉农金融供给疲软,"三农"金融需求未得到充分满足.合作金融改革的原因众多,但长期主体地位及法律地位不明确、权利义务责任不对等是主要原因.改制后的农村商业银行应聚焦主业、回归本源,通过完善董事会和监事会制度、加快出台农村商业银行法、健全支农配套体系、差别化监管、落实股东大会法定职权、完善对董事、监事、高级管理人员的任用及议事规定、制定董事、监事、高级管理人员激励约束机制等方式加强公司治理,尤其注重发挥法律的引领及固化作用,努力实现农村商业银行商业盈利性及支农政策性的共生与共赢.     

低碳背景下制造业商业模式创新策略研究——以卡特彼勒公司为例

低碳经济要求制造企业克服经济增长与环境超载之间的矛盾,但在传统商业模式下往往无法达到"双赢"。本文以战略分析和创新理论为依据,论述了低碳约束下制造业商业模式创新的驱动因素、作用机理以及创新要素,设计了理论框架,在此基础上探讨了低碳背景下商业模式创新的难点,提出了三方面的创新策略,并通过对卡特彼勒的案例分析验证了上述策略。结果表明:制造业可以通过改造价值链以建立逆向供应链、增强服务以及构建低碳技术壁垒的方式实现商业模式创新。研究在一定程度上丰富了相关学术成果,为我国现代制造业顺应低碳经济需求提供了具有可操作性的指导。     

The Effects of Competitive Environment on Supply Chain Information Sharing and Performance: An Empirical Study in China

Information sharing in supply chains has become an important topic over the past decade. This study uses data from 617 Chinese manufacturing firms to investigate the relationships among competitive environments, supply chain information sharing (SCIS), and supply chain performance. The results of structural equation modeling analysis show that (i) international competition is positively related to all three types of SCIS whereas local competition is not significantly related to any of the three types, (ii) internal information sharing is positively related to external information sharing with suppliers and customers, and (iii) internal information sharing and information sharing with customers are positively related to superior supply chain performance, whereas supplier information sharing is not significantly related to performance. The findings enhance our understanding of the relationships among competitive environment, SCIS, and supply chain performance in Chinese manufacturing settings.     

Quality Risk Ratings in Global Supply Chains

Extended enterprises face many challenges in managing the product quality of their suppliers. Consequently characterizing the quality risk posed by value‐chain partners has become increasingly important. There have been several recent efforts to develop frameworks for rating the quality risk posed by suppliers. We develop an analytical model to examine the impact of such quality ratings on suppliers, manufacturers, and social welfare. While it might seem that quality ratings would benefit high‐quality suppliers and hurt low‐quality suppliers, we show that this is not always the case. We find that such quality ratings can hurt both types of suppliers or benefit both, depending on the market conditions. We also find that quality ratings do not always benefit the most demanding manufacturers who desire high‐quality suppliers. Finally, we find that social welfare is not always improved by risk ratings. These results suggest that public policy initiatives addressing risk ratings must be carefully considered.     

中国城市经济效率测度研究

文章选取固定资产投资总额、劳动力作为投入变量,地区生产总值、地方财政预算内收入、职工工资总额作为产出变量,运用DEA分析法对中国城市经济效率进行了研究。研究发现,城市的纯技术效率、规模效率与城市所处的地理位置无关。城市规模效率与城市人口呈正相关关系,增加城市规模能够提高城市效率。中国近年来技术进步和技术效率呈轻微下降趋势,城市规模效率呈低速增长。技术进步和全要素生产率较高的城市以东部地区城市为主。在城市经济发展过程中应注意优化资源配置,加快技术进步。     

优化知情选择服务提升知情选择效益

中国自20世纪90年代中期开展避孕方法知情选择以来,知情选择面迅速扩大,计划生育面貌为之一新.但实际考察表明,各地开展知情选择的收效有很大差异,究其原因,主要是当知情选择普及到一定程度后,能否把握好知情选择服务质量成为提高效益的关键.浙江省从2001年起下大力量抓知情选择服务质量,收到明显效益,体现了计划生育以人为本、来自于民和服务于民的宗旨.他们提高知情选择效益的一套做法,有一定参考价值.     

Transition of the population reproduction pattern in China]

In the past 30 years, great changes have taken place in the reproduction pattern of the population in China. A historical pattern of a high birth rate and high death rate no longer exists. A new low birth rate and low death rate pattern has now become a reality. It is especially notable that China has realized this transition under the condition of a backward economy. Since 1949, the death rate has dropped rapidly because of advancements in medical care, a rise in the standard of living, and an improvement in public health. The change in fertility, however, is determined by the developing level of social productivity. As mankind has moved forward, population reproduction has gradually become a self-conscious activity. Fertility is increasingly determined by views on marriage and concepts of birth. China has successfully achieved a transition in fertility, and this has to be credited to China's progressive relations in social production and an excellent social system. In addition, practical efforts made by the political leadership, cooperation from the people, and popularization of ideological education on family planning have all contributed to a transition in China's fertility rate.     

"伟大传统"中的普桑

普桑是17世纪最伟大的古典主义艺术家,被誉为"哲人一艺术家".如何认识普桑及其古典主义艺术?如何看待普桑与当代的关系?对这些问题的解答,有必要将普桑置于西方文化、美学和艺术史的"伟大传统"之中,通过其经典作品来探索隐含其后的复杂美学意义.伟大传统创造了普桑,普桑又创造了伟大传统.他开创的"宏大"风格凸现了古典理性原则,在西方文化古典与浪漫的张力结构中呈现其独到的价值.尤其是普桑所独创的理想风景与英雄风景,拉开了西方风景画登上历史舞台的大幕.后来的伟大艺术家们,从大卫、柯罗、德拉克洛瓦,到塞尚、修拉、毕加索,都在不断向普桑致敬,继续"发明"普桑的伟大传统.     

人类命运共同体与“中韩命运共同体”:对韩国舆论的分析

相较欧美舆论,韩国舆论对人类命运共同体理念关注度较高,态度更为中立、积极。其关注动机有两点,一是对中国外交路线、中韩关系、国际新秩序探索、国际合作等议题的高度关切;二是对文在寅政府依循该理念提出的"中韩命运共同体"的关注。韩国舆论对人类命运共同体理念在促进地区和平与一体化、加强文化价值传播、增进人类健康福祉等方面抱有期待,亦在"中美争霸"、新"天下秩序"、民族主义等多维度存有疑虑。为扭转人类命运共同体理念对韩传播时呈现的抽象化、单向化倾向,中国应重视该理念与韩国重点关注议题与主流价值——如"东亚共同体"、多边主义、朝鲜半岛和平机制、环境卫生合作等的话语对接,在全球合作抗疫的背景下促进人类命运共同体理念的对外传播。     

少数民族传统文化艺术与区域旅游发展关系思考——以酉阳土家族苗族自治县为例

少数民族传统文化艺术在区域旅游中是推动区域经济发展、区域致富的有力因素,在作为旅游资源来促进地区发展的同时,民族传统文化艺术也会发生转变,诸如文化转型、商品化等现象。在这种双重境地中,必须有一个双赢的措施,保证民族传统文化艺术得到“原生态”保护,并以此促进区域旅游的可持续发展。