贫困地区农村文化建设的居民满意度及提升对策探讨——基于重庆市的调查研究

以重庆市3个国家级贫困县万州区、奉节县和巫溪县的农村居民为主要研究对象，采用问卷法和访谈法调查贫困地区农村居民对当前文化建设的满意度及其未来需求状况。研究发现，当前贫困地区农村文化建设处于起步阶段，多元供给机制尚未形成，农村居民对当前文化建设整体满意度较低，尤其是公共文化设施满意度最弱；然而农村居民对未来文化建设的整体需求不足，公共文化服务呈现出明显的低满足、低需求的“双低状态”。对此，本文认为贫困地区农村文化脱贫要以居民精神脱贫为基础，引导居民文化需求层次，辅以差异化供给、多元供给、培养文化建设自生动力，以提升贫困地区农村居民文化建设满意度，满足居民未来文化需求。     

Reliability, Validity, and Classification Accuracy of a Spanish Translation of a Measure of DSM-IV Diagnostic Criteria for Pathological Gambling

The aim of this study was to measure the reliability, validity, and classification accuracy of a Spanish translation of a measure of DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for Pathological Gambling (PG). Participants were 263 male and 23 female patients seeking treatment for PG and a matched non-psychiatric control sample of 259 men and 24 women. A Spanish translation of a 19-item measure of DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for PG (Stinchfield 2003) was administered along with other validity measures. The DSM-IV diagnostic criteria were found to be internally consistent with a coefficient alpha of .95 in the combined sample. Evidence of satisfactory convergent validity included moderate to high correlations with other measures of problem gambling. Using the standard DSM-IV cut-score of five, the ten criteria were found to yield satisfactory classification accuracy results with a high hit rate (.95), high sensitivity (.92), high specificity (.99), low false positive (.01), and low false negative rate (.08). Lowering the cut score to four resulted in modest improvements in classification accuracy and reduced the false negative rate from .08 to .05. The Spanish translation of a measure of DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for PG demonstrated satisfactory psychometric properties and a cut score of four improved diagnostic precision.     

An exploratory study on the conditions of health, safety and environmental affairs of very small and small-size enterprises in Brazil

This paper focuses on the reality of very small and small enterprises (VSSEs) in Brazil, concerning health and safety management of their workers. These companies tend to operate in a few administrative levels. The owners' health and safety culture is fundamental for the implementation of preventive measures. The VSSEs end up adopting merely reactive and under-the-law actions. In order to understand such reality, a questionnaire was elaborated especially for the research made. Fifty-five very small and small enterprises of the industrial, commercial and service sectors were selected. The research confirmed the reactive attitude shown by the VSSEs, thus demonstrating that none of the companies involved presented policies of safety and health. Even though not holding policies, programs or scopes of their activities, 22% of them revealed to have a clear definition of the responsibilities of their high level administration. Nevertheless, 10% had financial resources allocated to this sector. Such companies do not count on a frequent safety and health support. The ignorance on it leads them to take a reactive action. This study reaches its objective on contributing to the debate, besides indicating that the way to improvement is on the strict cooperation between governments, companies, workers and society.     

Software development for the evaluation of the ergonomic compatibility on the selection of advanced manufacturing technology

Advanced Manufacturing Technology (AMT) is one of the most relevant resources that companies have to achieve competitiveness and best performance. The selection of AMT is a complex problem which involves significant amount of information and uncertainty when multiple aspects must be taken into consideration. Actual models for the selection of AMT are found scarce of the Human Factors and Ergonomics perspective which can lead to a more complete and reliable decision. This paper presents the development of software that enhances the application of an Ergonomic Compatibility Evaluation Model that supports decision making processes taking into consideration ergonomic attributes of designs. Ergonomic Compatibility is a construct used in this model and it is mainly based in the concept of human-artifact compatibility on human compatible systems. Also, an Axiomatic Design approach by the use of the Information Axiom was evolved under a fuzzy environment to obtain the Ergonomic Incompatibility Content. The extension of this axiom for the evaluation of ergonomic compatibility requirements was the theoretical framework of this research. An incremental methodology of four stages was used to design and develop the software that enables to compare AMT alternatives by the evaluation of Ergonomic Compatibility Attributes.     

Ergonomic risks in mining companies: a study in Paraiba/Brazil

The growing concern for the welfare of workers in the work environment, the importance of widespread use of ergonomics in the different sectors of industry. Yet most corporate practices that work with rudimentary or great need for human handling of materials is not fully in line with the ergonomic aspects. Given this, this article aims to identify ergonomic hazards in mining to later propose improvements in the process. After a series conducted plant visits, found that workers are exposed to various ergonomic risks, which entails the need for new healthy practices in the workplace. Finally, a series of proposals are submitted in order to avoid possible occupational diseases.     

程红兵语文人格教育理念及其启示

教育的终极目标是获取心灵的自由，教育的最终价值在于把孩子培养成具有健全人格的人。程红兵的语文人格教育理念对当代语文教育教学意义重大，在对其内涵、特征及教育教学实践进行考察的基础上，着重探讨语文人格教育理念的价值和启示。     

镇泾地区长8段致密低渗透油藏主控因素分析

鄂尔多斯盆地西南缘镇泾地区长8油藏具有渗透率低、丰度低、储量大的特点,已钻遇的多口高产井显示出长8良好的油气勘探潜力。通过沉积微层、层序、裂缝及湖盆底形分析,认为长81中期基准面上升半旋回中部的坝顶席状砂为高效储层发育段;与基底断裂有关的裂缝极大地改善了低渗透储层的渗流能力;长8湖盆底形的起伏控制着早白垩世晚期铁方解石的胶结作用,底形的高点是铁方解石弱胶结区,储层物性相对较好,为甜点发育区。通过主控因素分析,提出长8致密低渗透油藏勘探思路及工作方法,即“定层序、占高点、追裂缝、打河道”     

“中国档案分类法”与“中国图书馆分类法”辅助符号之比较

档案分类同图书分类一样,都要用到各种辅助符号,以确保类目的指向更加准确.“中国档案分类法”和“中国图书馆分类法”都采用了10余种辅助符号,两种分类法的辅助符号之间,既有联系,又有区别     

FDI的环境效应：“污染光环”抑或“污染天堂”? ——基于面板ARDL-ECM模型的实证检验

构建ARDL-ECM模型,在全国样本和东、中、西地区样本下对外商直接投资（FDI）对碳排放的长期和短期影响进行实证检验。研究发现：（1）FDI对我国碳排放的影响具有明显的地区差异,其中东部地区支持了“污染天堂”假说,其他地区则支持了“污染光环”假说。（2）FDI对碳排放的长期效应与短期效应差异显著。（3）二氧化碳排放的规模效应显著为正,技术进步效应和结构效应显著为负,且东部地区FDI对碳排放的促进作用主要源于较大的规模效应以及较小的技术进步效应。（4）FDI是二氧化碳排放的格兰杰原因,且FDI与GDP、技术进步和产业结构互为因果关系,其他因素通过与FDI的相互作用影响碳排放,为将FDI的碳排放效应分解为规模效应、技术效应和结构效应提供了实际依据。