What Are the Correlates of Infertility-Related Clinical Anxiety? A Literature Review and the Presentation of a Conceptual Model

Infertility is a major stressor for many couples. Although several reviews addressing psychological distress and depression within infertile couples exist, less emphasis has been placed on infertility-related anxiety. Yet it is important to know whether clinical anxiety is a prevalent problem among infertile couples and what are the characteristics of those suffering from clinical anxiety. The present article summarizes the literature on infertility-related anxiety published between 1997 and 2008 and presents a model of infertility-related clinical anxiety that identifies variables that may distinguish individuals who present with clinical anxiety from those who successfully cope with infertility. This model is intended to inform both research and clinical practice with partners of infertile couples. Methodological shortcomings of infertility research and recommendations for future studies are also discussed.     

Utilization and value of social networking relationships in family and nonfamily firms in an African transition economy

This study investigates the utilization of managerial networking relationships with social and political entities to create social capital in family-owned and nonfamily firms, and compares the impact of the value of the social capital derived from the networking relationships on performance between family-owned and nonfamily firms. Using data from Ghana, the findings show that there are differences in the utilization of networking with social and political stakeholders to create social capital by family-owned and nonfamily firms. While networking relationships with government bureaucratic officials and community leaders have an inverted U-shaped relationship with performance for family-owned firms, it has a linear, positive and monotonic relationship with performance for nonfamily firms. Overall, the findings suggest that networking relationship matters, but extensive utilization of networking relationships with external stakeholders may have diminishing returns to performance for family-owned firms.     

Sleep and behavioral correlates of napping among young adults: a survey of first-year university students in Madrid, Spain

Objective: Between November 2002 and March 2003, the authors assessed the prevalence and correlates of napping among Spanish university students. Participants: The sample comprised 1,276 first-year university students; the mean age was 18.74 +/- 1.24 years, and 35.45% were men. Methods: The study was cross-sectional, and the students completed self-report, anonymous questionnaires provided during an in-class survey. Results: Almost half (44%) of the sample reported napping (90% did so after lunch for longer than 1 hour). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that experiencing an irregular sleep-wakefulness pattern, having a morning school schedule, and being male were significant predictor variables of napping. Further significant outcome variables related to napping were having excessive daytime sleepiness, missing classes because of tiredness, better ability to concentrate later in the afternoon, and a perception of deeper nighttime sleep. Conclusions: Habitual napping is common among Spanish university students and associated with an irregular sleep-wakefulness pattern. Taking long postlunch naps seems to be used by students to cope with insufficient sleep and daytime sleepiness.     

Bayesian Robustness of the Positive False Discovery Rate

The positive false discovery rate was introduced by Storey (2003 Storey , J. D. (2003). The positive false discovery rate: a Bayesian interpretation and the q-value. Ann. Statist. 31:2013–2035.[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) as an alternative to the family wise error rate for the case in which we are simultaneously testing a large amount of hypotheses. The positive false discovery rate has a very nice Bayesian interpretation (as it was shown by Storey, 2003 Storey , J. D. (2003). The positive false discovery rate: a Bayesian interpretation and the q-value. Ann. Statist. 31:2013–2035.[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) and its robustness is analyzed. The emphasis is on the ε-contamination class (one of the most used classes of priors for Bayesian robustness) and it is shown that robustness is not obtained when the basic prior concentrates the probability on the null hypothesis.     

论唐代乐人对词体发生演变的作用

词本是专为演唱而写的配乐之辞,其先天特性决定了它的产生、发展、传播都与载体——乐人密切相关.唐代梨园等宫廷法曲机构的乐人、宫廷女乐在词兴起时就直接参与,促进了词早期的发生、发展;在安史之乱后,他们大部散人民间直接将词乐和歌词流播四方.官府乐人的演唱实践对词的发展、传播也起到了推动作用,但他们有限的活动范围使其对市井民间的影响有一定的局限.市井乐人的交际活动比较而言更自由随性,对词的发生发展产生了与官府乐人互补的作用.     

Gender gaps in skills and labor market outcomes: evidence from the PIAAC

Review of Economics of the Household - Our paper makes the first attempt to address the empirical relationRicship between cognitive skills and gender gaps in labor market performance. We do so in a...     

HUMAN CAPITAL IN GROWTH REGRESSIONS: HOW MUCH DIFFERENCE DOES DATA QUALITY MAKE?

We construct estimates of educational attainment for a sample of 21 OECD countries. Our series incorporate previously unexploited information and remove sharp breaks in the data that can only reflect changes in classification criteria. We then construct indicators of the information content of our estimates and a number of previously available data sets and examine their performance in several growth specifications. We find a clear positive correlation between data quality and the size and significance of human capital coefficients in growth regressions. Using an extension of the classical errors in variables model to correct for measurement error bias, we construct a set of meta‐estimates of the coefficient of years of schooling in an aggregate Cobb‐Douglas production function. Our results suggest that the value of this parameter is likely to be above 0.60. (JEL: O40, I20, O30, C19)     

重庆旅游经济发展探析

重庆的旅游资源异常丰富 ,旅游经济的前景十分广阔 ,但旅游业的发展刚刚起步 ,必须加快发展旅游业的步伐 ,使之成为我市名副其实的支柱产业和新的经济增长点     

论素质教育实施的基础

我国实施素质教育之所以会遇到重重困难，甚至到了难以推进的地步，其主要原因是缺乏实施素质教育的必要基础。现有的课程、教材、教学大纲、教师的备课方法、教学方法、考试方法、教学评估标准和教育立法、政策、规章制度等都是与原来应试教育相适应的。要对适应应试教育的必要基础进行改革，使之完全适应素质教育的需要。只有这样，才能顺利、全面、普遍地推进素质教育教学的开展。