论出游（上）

这世上最快乐的事情之一就是旅行，不过我喜欢独自出门。在房间里，我享受的是社会生活，但是在室外，大自然就是我最好的伙伴。虽然我是一个人，但我从不感到孤独。     

紧握木棒的黑孩子

挺起腰板儿做人。那天晚上,母亲告诉我:今后我必须学会自己到食品店买东西。我激动不已,觉得自己一下子长成了大人。第二天下午,我就拎着篮子沿着人行道去那家食品店买东西。当我走到街道的拐弯处时,一伙流氓蹿了出来。他们揪住我的衣领,抢去了我的钱。我惊慌失措地回了家。我把发生的事情告诉了母亲,可是她没做声,随即写了一张所买东西的清单,给了我更多的钱,又打发我去食品     

适用于光学显微镜的细胞培养芯片

虽然细胞分子生物学近年来发展很快,但是细胞培养的方法变化很慢。将近一个世纪以前发明的有盖培养皿至今仍在常规使用,但它已经不适合许多用来观察和分析活体细胞内发生的变化的现代光学分析方法。这篇文章描述了一种细胞培养芯片装置,它能有效地用于细胞培养和随后的高端光学分析,比如荧光和共焦显微镜方法。     

心理学的哲学问题

心理学作为一门新兴的科学从哲学中脱离出来已是不言而喻的了。早在二十年代,也就是我的老师卡尔·比勒所处的那个时期,专业权威担任哲学课教学,并且不管他有否兴趣,作些哲学     

评伊丽莎白·维尼茨基和简·维尼茨基著：《苏联型经济结构的遗产》

这是一本论文集,共收7篇论文,其中大部分是以前曾在专业杂志上——包括《苏联研究》在内——发表过的。1篇由伊丽莎白·维尼茨基撰写,一篇由她和简·维尼茨基合写,其他均由     

奥巴马救市计划评析

如果现时是正常时期,那发表一份有关奥巴马政府经济政策的成绩单将是荒唐可笑的。自从这位新总统宣誓就职以来,许多重要的经济职位尚待填补。正如一些爱说笑的人所说的那样,我们仍然处于官员正急着寻路去洗手间这一阶段。     

STATISTICAL INFERENCE OF TRANSMISSION FIDELITY OF DNA METHYLATION PATTERNS OVER SOMATIC CELL DIVISIONS IN MAMMALS

We develop Bayesian inference methods for a recently-emerging type of epigenetic data to study the transmission fidelity of DNA methylation patterns over cell divisions. The data consist of parent-daughter double-stranded DNA methylation patterns with each pattern coming from a single cell and represented as an unordered pair of binary strings. The data are technically difficult and time-consuming to collect, putting a premium on an efficient inference method. Our aim is to estimate rates for the maintenance and de novo methylation events that gave rise to the observed patterns, while accounting for measurement error. We model data at multiple sites jointly, thus using whole-strand information, and considerably reduce confounding between parameters. We also adopt a hierarchical structure that allows for variation in rates across sites without an explosion in the effective number of parameters. Our context-specific priors capture the expected stationarity, or near-stationarity, of the stochastic process that generated the data analyzed here. This expected stationarity is shown to greatly increase the precision of the estimation. Applying our model to a data set collected at the human FMR1 locus, we find that measurement errors, generally ignored in similar studies, occur at a non-trivial rate (inappropriate bisulfite conversion error: 1.6% with 80% CI: 0.9-2.3%). Accounting for these errors has a substantial impact on estimates of key biological parameters. The estimated average failure of maintenance rate and daughter de novo rate decline from 0.04 to 0.024 and from 0.14 to 0.07, respectively, when errors are accounted for. Our results also provide evidence that de novo events may occur on both parent and daughter strands: the median parent and daughter de novo rates are 0.08 (80% CI: 0.04-0.13) and 0.07 (80% CI: 0.04-0.11), respectively.     

Social exclusion and neighborhood support: a case study of empty-nest elderly in urban shanghai

The phenomenon of empty-nest elderly (ENE) has become a significant social issue in China. In this research on ENEs in urban Shanghai, a coastal city in China, case studies were undertaken through in-depth semistructured interviews to examine the social exclusion risks ENEs may face and the influence of neighborhood support on such risks. The results show 5 aspects of social exclusion ENEs are experiencing. Moreover, the neighborhood has the potential for providing different forms of support to reduce social exclusion risks. The research and service implications of our findings for promoting the holistic well-being of ENEs in China are discussed.     

Great project management=IT success

Discover how creating a formal project management office can help a health care organization achieve on-time information technology projects that stay within their budgets.