Optimum spacings for the joint estimation and tests of hypothesis of location and scale parameters of the cauchy distribution

A simultaneous test for the location and scale parameters of the Cauchy distribution is considered based on selected order statistics.. It is shown that optimum spacings that maximise the Pitman ARE of the test coincide with that of the optimum spacings for the estimation problem.     

广东对外贸易比较优势与贸易战略选择

对广东产业比较优势的转变进程、现状和未来变化方向进行了实证分析,结果表明,广东的产业比较优势在改革开放后已有了明显的升级和进步,广东的产业比较优势内在地决定于其要素禀赋结构和技术水平.目前,广东在劳动密集型产业上仍具有极强的出口竞争力,但出口竞争力提高的速度较慢,技术密集型产业的比较优势已有了较大的提高,目前已具有了中等竞争力,而且出口竞争力在以较快的速度增长.广东的贸易战略向一种更为自由、开放的比较优势战略的转变将更有利于广东获取贸易利益,更好地促进广东的经济发展.     

Pooling multivariate data under W, LR and LM tests

Two independent random samples are drawn from two multivariate normal populations with mean vectors μ1 and μ2 and a common variance-covariance matrix Σ. Ahmed and Saleh (1990) considered preliminary test maximum likelihood estimator (PMLTE) for estimating μ1 based on the Hotelling's T _N ², when it is suspected that μ1=μ2. In this paper, the PTMLE based on the Wald (W), Likelihood Ratio (LR) and Lagrangian Multiplier (LM) tests are considered. Using the quadratic risk function, the conditions of superiority of the proposed estimator for departure parameter are derived. A max-min rule for the size of the preliminary test of significance is presented. It is demonstrated that the PTMLE based on W test produces the highest minimum guaranteed efficiencies compared to UMLE among the three test procedures.     

北京奥运废弃物物流管理对策研究

废弃物物流是衡量奥运会是否成功举办的重要因素.依据奥运废弃物物流特性、历届奥运会废弃物物流管理实践和北京奥运废弃物物流规模,提出了重视分类收集、完善运作模式等建议,可以为主管部门制定北京奥运废弃物物流管理政策提供支持.     

试析民族地区经济发展中的非经济因素

本文在实地调研的基础上 ,运用了大量的文献资料 ,对民族地区非经济因素在各民族经济发展过程中的影响及方式做了较为深入的分析。认为非经济因素对民族地区的经济发展的影响是持久而深刻的 ,进而阐明在民族地区的现代化进程中 ,如果忽视了人的因素 ,单纯从经济方面架构区域发展模式是难以获得良好的发展效果的。     

Planning in the Middle East, moving toward the future

This paper, summarizes the lessons learned in this special issue of Habitat International on Planning Issues in the Middle East. After summarizing the highlights of the papers included in the issue, the paper looks ahead to the challenges facing the region's planners. These include coping with the rapid growth of cities, developing stronger planning institutions, integrating events in urban areas with the rural hinterlands, incorporating consultation with the public in the planning processes and meeting the inevitable challenges that will accompany globalization.     

Estimation of the intercept parameter for linear regression model with uncertain non-sample prior information

This paper considers alternative estimators of the intercept parameter of the linear regression model with normal error when uncertain non-sample prior information about the value of the slope parameter is available. The maximum likelihood, restricted, preliminary test and shrinkage estimators are considered. Based on their quadratic biases and mean square errors the relative performances of the estimators are investigated. Both analytical and graphical comparisons are explored. None of the estimators is found to be uniformly dominating the others. However, if the non-sample prior information regarding the value of the slope is not too far from its true value, the shrinkage estimator of the intercept parameter dominates the rest of the estimators.     

《荀子·天论》和儒家的科学蒙昧主义

《荀子.天论》是战国晚期儒学思想家荀卿的一篇杰出的唯物主义哲学论著。尖锐批判了当时流行于社会上的源于巫术观念的“天人感应”说,指出自然界变化与人类的社会行为无涉,并力主利用自然、征服自然。但《天论》的核心理念却是认为自然规律不可知也不必知,提出了“唯圣人为不求知天”的蒙昧主义观点。这一点在哲学史上从来没人指出,以致这一有害的结论一直影响到今天。     

Causes of death to women of reproductive age in two developing countries

Data on cause of death are deficient for most developing countries. Nevertheless, it is important for policy makers to have access to such information to plan the use of resources and to evaluate health programs. In this study, deaths among women of reproductive age (15 to 49) in two areas in developing countries were located, and family members were interviewed. Local physicians reviewed the completed interviews and determined the cause of death.Complications of pregnancy and childbirth were the cause of 23% of the deaths in Menoufia, Egypt and Bali, Indonesia. In Egypt, the first cause of death was circulatory system disease (28%), followed by complications of pregnancy and childbirth (23%), and trauma (14%, primarily burns). In Indonesia, complications of pregnancy and childbirth was the first cause of death, followed by infectious disease (22%, primarily tuberculosis), and circulatory system disease (13%).Although the method of data collection was unorthodox, findings for Menoufia are comparable to data from other sources for the country as a whole. There are few data with which to compare our findings for Bali, but their similarity to the data from the Egyptian study lends credence to their quality.     

以语篇重建任务为中心的整体语言教学

以语篇重建任务为中心的整体语言教学模式是为克服传统的以传授语言知识为中心的零碎语言教学模式存在的问题而提出的;该模式不仅把英语视为语言知识的载体,更将其视为信息的载体。教师通过任务的提出为先导,以小组为单位组织学生参与围绕语篇解构和重建的听说读写方面的活动,使学生不断地运用目的语获取信息和表达信息,从而产生综合效应,推动语言能力的全面发展。