Integrating Children into Families Separated by Migration: A Caribbean-American Case Study

Caribbean peoples have been migrating to the United States for over one hundred years. Since the liberation ofimmigration policy in 1965, migrationfrom the Caribbean has increased considerably and has presented with an interesting permutation. Many single mothers have migrated leaving young children behind until the mother’s situation is stable in the United States. Upon reunification of child and parent, there are reports ofmarked adjustment difficulties. This paper examines one such case, which was presented for mandated treatment. Issues around intention strategy and implementation are explored in detail with references to case history and clinical theory.     

Elsevier's Strategic Partners Forum: A Climate of Change and Challenge

Abstract

Elsevier's Strategic Partners Program (SPP) convened a forum prior to the American Library Association's 2003 midwinter conference in Philadelphia, PA. Two presentations from that forum are published here to indicate the enormous challenges, initiatives, and changes that face all of us in the serials, publishing, and information environments.     

家庭保障在我国农村社会保障中的地位和作用研究

家庭是人类自古以来形成的最基本的社会生活单位,在中国的历史长河中始终扮演着十分重要的角色,尤其在保障家庭成员的养老、医疗、生育、精神慰籍等方面以及对于社会的安定和发展方面都发挥了十分重要的作用。在目前社会保障制度化发展过程中,家庭保障也对正式的社会保障制度起到了重要的补充作用,在建立和完善农村社会保障体系过程中,其地位和作用更是值得重视。     

强化干预代谢综合征改变心脑血管事件发生风险的纵向随访研究：社区人群心脑血管事件前瞻性研究系列之四

目的了解药物综合干预代谢综合征（MS）是否可以改变发生心脑血管事件的风险。方法采用随机整群抽样南宁市两个社区的1215人符合纳入标准为本次综合干预治疗的研究对象,随机分为强化干预组和对照组。强化干预组人群按照是否患有MS及其相关疾病、疾病前状态（包括高血压、血压前期、肥胖、超重、糖尿病、糖耐量减退、血脂异常）等分别采取不同的强化治疗方案进行干预;对照组人员维持志愿就诊和志愿服药的正常医疗状态,每年随访1次,按WHO—MONICA方案心血管病事件（CVD）的诊断标准登记本年度发生的CVD和死亡事件。结果前瞻性随访研究43．5个月后：①经比较对照组中MS亚组与非MS亚组,MS患者发生心脑血管事件比非MS显著增高（P=-0．02）;②经比较干预组中MS亚组与非MS亚组,干预后MS心脑血管事件下降明显,MS患者发生心脑血管事件与非MS相比无差异（P〉0．05）;③经比较干预和对照两组MS亚组之间心脑血管事件的发生率,干预组为2．7％,对照组为10．1％,差异显著（P=0．03,OR值=4．01,95％CL：1．07—15．10）;两组非MS亚组之间心脑血管事件的发生率分别为2.3％和4．2％,无显著性差异（P=0．12）。结论药物综合干预代谢综合征（MS）可以改变发生心脑血管事件的风险,与对照相比干预后风险降低了约4倍。     

从统计学史解析“自由度”概念

自由度是统计学中一个十分重要而又长期没有被圆满解释的概念。对此,从统计学史角度,对皮尔逊、费歇尔有关自由度问题争论原始文献细致考察,彻底澄清了自由度概念的内涵及与其相关的统计思想,弥补了Fienberg、Stigler与陈希孺已有解释的缺陷。研究表明：皮尔逊关于卡方检验中无论总体分布已知还是其来自于样本推断统计量都具有同一分布的错误判断,导致卡方检验的准确性出现偏差,这种偏差虽被同时代少数几个统计学家察觉但他们却无法解释其根源。费歇尔提出自由度概念并结合n维几何、假设检验与最大似然方法的论证不仅修正了皮尔逊的错误,也完善了从样本统计量估计总体参数的数理逻辑。     

PERCEPTIONS OF SOCIAL SUPPORT AVAILABILITY AND COPING BEHAVIORS AMONG GAY MEN WITH HIV

Analyzing face-to-face, semistructured interviews, we discuss how perceptions of social support availability are formed among gay men coping with HIV. Experiences of receiving support increased perceived availability for specific types of support from specific individuals, but receiving support also gave these men a general sense that someone would be available for assistance. Other aspects of social relationships, such as closeness and role expectations, contributed to gay men's perceptions of support availability. The results suggest that when people with common problems cope together, collective knowledge of support availability may emerge from observations of others' support exchanges as well as from discussions of support experiences. Individuals or groups of individuals may actively create and modify their perceptions of support availability when they cope with anticipated problems. Thus, the study provided an opportunity to integrate concepts of coping and social support into the collective action and social constructionist frameworks.     

Predicting 1-year change in body mass index among college students

OBJECTIVE: Despite beliefs about weight gain in college, few researchers have evaluated this phenomenon. PARTICIPANTS: Participants were 18- to 31-year-old students at a midwestern university. The dependent variable was body mass index (BMI) change. METHODS: The authors extracted predictor variables from a Health Risk Appraisal. These included clinical, medical history, medical usage, medications, pain or chronic conditions, perceptual measures, and behavioral factors. The authors performed an ordinal regression technique separately by gender. RESULTS: No predictors were significant for men. Women in the BMI gain group were (1) more likely to consume alcohol, use maladaptive coping behaviors, eat foods low in fiber, and consume caffeine; and (2) less likely to be stress-free, to eat cruciferous vegetables, and to refrain from eating high-cholesterol foods. CONCLUSIONS: The lack of research on predictors of and interventions for reducing BMI gain among college students warrants more research.     

论东女国的经济生活

东女国是沟通唐朝与吐蕃之间的政治和经济联系的重要桥梁,当然,在唐朝和吐蕃政治、经济、宗教、社会习俗等综合因素的影响下,加之东女国自身社会生产力的发展变化,东女国的经济生活逐渐形成了自己的民族特色,而这种民族特色不仅被保留了下来,而且作为一种文化资源和旅游品牌,它在振兴西部经济的伟大战略中必将发挥着越来越突出的"鼓手"作用.     

非洲学者安纳伊姆人权思想引介

人权普遍性问题是伊斯兰人权理论缘起的原因之一,安纳伊姆认为人权普遍性的真正获得需要内部话语的转化和跨文化对话。内部话语的转化意味着伊斯兰教法的现代变革,以期获得人权发展所需的伦理基础。在重新解释教法和改变旧的习惯法方面,国家发挥着不可替代的作用。在这其中,穆斯林人权的实现需要世俗主义的支撑。在任何社会发展中,宗教与世俗并不是截然分离的。安纳伊姆主张的世俗主义,并非是推动整个伊斯兰社会的世俗化,而是强调国家的世俗性。只有实现宗教、世俗主义和人权的相同协同和相互依赖,才能促进和保障穆斯林人权的真正实现。