This paper introduces the concept of ‘opportunity led work’: the creative use of challenges and opportunities for communication which arise in everyday practice, especially in group care. The paper sets the concept in context by defining and illustrating the area of work in question, by reviewing the relevant literature, by briefly outlining the framework and then locating it alongside other perspectives on group care practice. There is also some consideration of the practical implication of applying this framework both in practice and in the training context. There is an emphasis in the illustrative material on the use of this concept in residential child care. 相似文献
This study examines how time spent in problem definition affects problem solving in projects such as Six Sigma projects. Our hypotheses are tested using data collected from 1558 Six Sigma projects in a company. The results show evidence of a U‐shaped relationship between the amount of time spent in the Define phase and project duration. This finding suggests that spending too little time on problem definition potentially causes poor problem formulation, which leads to deficient problem solving and lengthens overall project time. On the other hand, too much time spent on problem definition can lead to unneeded delays in project completion due to diminishing returns on problem definition efforts. Furthermore, the optimal balance between spending too little and too much time depends on prior project experience and project complexity. Prior project experience reduced project completion time and weakened the U‐shaped effect. Conversely, complex projects took longer and appeared to show some evidence of a stronger U‐shaped effect; this suggests balancing the time spent in the Define phase was more challenging for complex projects. Our study also underscores the importance of managing project duration, as projects that were completed faster tended to be associated with higher project savings. 相似文献
The goal of the United Nations International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD), held in Cairo in September 1994,
was to agree on a Programme of Action in the field of population and development which would supersede the Plan of Action
agreed to at Bucharest in 1974 and subsequently amended ten years later in Mexico City. The main purpose of the present paper
is to characterize some of the principal intellectual and ideological developments of the last 20 years which have had an
impact on the definition of this goal. I conclude with some brief comments on the Programme of Action adopted by consensus
at the Conference.
This is an amended version of the paper I presented at the Seventh National Conference of the Australian Population Association
(in a Plenary Session entitled ‘Messages from Cairo’), held in Canberra in September 1994. 相似文献
Books reviewed in this article: John Urry, Sociology beyond societies: mobilities for the twenty‐first century, New York and London: Routledge Nikos Papastergiadis, The turbulence of migration: globalization, deterritorialization and hybridity Stephen Castles and Alastair Davidson, Citizenship and migration: globalization and the politics of belonging相似文献
This paper offers a review of the literature on labour turnover in organizations. Initially, the importance of the subject area is established, as analyses of turnover are outlined and critiqued. This leads to a discussion of the various ways in which turnover and its consequences are measured. The potentially critical impact of turnover behaviour on organizational effectiveness is presented as justification for the need to model turnover, as a precursor to prediction and prevention. Key models from the literature of labour turnover are presented and critiqued. 相似文献
Motivated by the study of traffic accidents on a road network, we discuss the estimation of the relative risk, the ratio of rates of occurrence of different types of events occurring on a network of lines. Methods developed for two-dimensional spatial point patterns can be adapted to a linear network, but their requirements and performance are very different on a network. Computation is slow and we introduce new techniques to accelerate it. Intensities (occurrence rates) are estimated by kernel smoothing using the heat kernel on the network. The main methodological problem is bandwidth selection. Binary regression methods, such as likelihood cross-validation and least squares cross-validation, perform tolerably well in our simulation experiments, but the Kelsall–Diggle density-ratio cross-validation method does not. We find a theoretical explanation, and propose a modification of the Kelsall–Diggle method which has better performance. The methods are applied to traffic accidents in a regional city, and to protrusions on the dendritic tree of a neuron.
The present study explored the role of context and gender on the association between racial discrimination and adolescents’ outcomes among Black nint 相似文献