Mothering and Peer Associations Mediate Cumulative Risk Effects for Latino Youth

The present study examined whether positive parenting and deviant peer associations mediated the relations between a cumulative risk composite comprising financial strain, neighborhood problems, and maternal psychological distress and subsequent youth adjustment problems. Drawn from the Welfare, Children, and Families: A Three City Study, the sample consisted of 449 economically disadvantaged Latino families. Structural equation modeling showed that after controlling for baseline levels of youth adjustment problems, cumulative risk, assessed when adolescents were 10 to 14 years old, was directly and indirectly predictive of youths’ deviant peer associations 16 months later, through mother’s positive parenting. Deviant peer associations, in turn, were proximally associated with youth externalizing and internalizing problems. Findings underscore the role of mothers and peers in Latino youth adjustment problems.     

The voices people read: Orthography and the representation of non-standard speech

Combining features of matched guise tests with sociolinguistic interviewing and oral performance, this study investigates the social meanings carried by non-standard orthographies. Participant evaluations of the personas represented by non-standard orthographies showed that people connected orthography to social identities. Specifically, we found that people uncritically and spontaneously read non-standard orthographies as indices of low socioeconomic status. When we asked participants to read texts out loud, we found marked shifts in their reading performances of texts in standard versus non-standard orthographies. Through a case study analysis of participants' readings and attitudes, we identify two kinds of stances taken by participants towards stigmatized identities indexed by non-standard orthographies. Finally, we use these case studies to argue for the necessity of contextually rich qualitative research methods for the study of language attitudes.     

Eignen Sich Stadtteile Für Den Nachweis Von Kontexteffekten?

Contextual influences of the neighborhood on individual attitudes and behaviors are often tested by means of characteristics of officially defined areas, e.g. boroughs or census tracts. Using such measures can cause problems if the chosen areas are too big to allow for analyzing contextual effects. The study finds that mean neighborhood disorder increases fear of crime only if this effect is tested for small neighborhoods (Stadtteile) of less than six to eight square kilometers, using data on three German cities (Hamburg, Kiel and Munich). Analyzing bigger neighborhoods can lead to serious underestimation of the contextual effect.     

Role Induction in Career Counseling

Many vocational psychologists advocate addressing career as well as personal concerns in career counseling. However, some clients may have inappropriate expectations toward career counseling and may not be prepared or want to discuss personal issues. This study examined whether perceptions of the career counseling process could be modified with the use of role induction. Results indicated that, whereas role induction was associated with perceptions of students' own career concerns, gender was a strong influence in perceptions of counseling overall and in the stigma associated with a holistic perspective on career counseling.     

Being missed and missing: An interactional element of separation/individuation

The intent of this paper is to demonstrate as a therapeutic use of self the selective communication of the therapist's own feelings as enabling a patient to experiencemissing. I focus here on work with a patient who urgently and primarily presented unmourned (unintegrated) separation and loss in her history, in her self and object relations, and thus in her relationship with me. I propose that the therapist's feelings, in so far as they reflect an interactional aspect of the normal separation/individuation process may serve as a basis for expressive, interactive participation by the therapist.     

The impact of investor sentiment on the German stock market

This paper develops a broad-based sentiment indicator for Germany and investigates whether investor sentiment can explain stock returns on the German stock market. Based on a principal component analysis, we construct a sentiment indicator that condenses information of several well-known sentiment proxies. We show that this indicator explains the return spread between sentiment sensitive stocks and stocks that are not sensitive to sentiment fluctuations. Specifically, stocks that are difficult to arbitrage and hard to value are sensitive to the indicator. However, we do not find much predictive power of sentiment for future stock returns.     

Framing environmental responsibility: 30 years of CSR messages in National Geographic Magazine

For decades corporations have been promoting their responsible behaviors toward the environment. This study looks at three ways organizations have framed their corporate environmental responsibility over the past 30 years. Specifically, the study finds that organizations focus on the way their environmental behaviors contribute to solutions (gain frame) rather than prevent environmental problems (loss frame). They focus on solving problems for the current generation rather than future generations, and they promote their actions (doing more) rather than promote their conservation (taking less from the earth). However, some differences in framing and use of environmental topic emerge over time.     

L’homme et l’automate. L’écologie élargie du travail contemporain

What become of human beings in complex technical environments? The french Sociology of Work inspired by Pierre Naville is a step ahead compared with “distributed cognition”, “situated action” or “regime of familiarity”. By studying how activities related to the supervision of phone streams are distributed, the contributions of this tradition to an ecological approach are documented, in particular the switch from “artefact” to “automaton”. In the world of work, where technical arrangements are not mainly designed as objects to be used, it must be delved into the depths of these arrangements in order to study distributed activities. By broadening an “ecology of activities” to cover automatisms, one better understands how workers try to find bearings in an environment heavily equipped with electronic devices. This analysis can thus reintegrate a vast range of activities, including the circulation of workers to “find their way,” or work as an inquiry.     

The Long‐Term Effects of Building Strong Families: A Program for Unmarried Parents

The authors present findings from a large‐scale, random‐assignment evaluation of Building Strong Families (BSF), a program offering group sessions on relationship skills education to low‐income, unmarried parents who were expecting or had recently had a baby. Findings based on a 3‐year follow‐up survey of over 4,000 couples indicate that BSF did not succeed in its central objectives of improving the couple relationship, increasing the quality of coparenting, or enhancing father involvement. In fact, the program had modest negative effects on some of these outcomes. BSF also had little impact on child well‐being, with no effect on children's family stability or economic well‐being and only a modest positive effect on children's socioemotional development. Impacts varied across the 8 study sites. Although attendance at group sessions was relatively low, there is little evidence of program effects even among couples who attended sessions regularly.