提高学生创新能力的《电工学》课程改革

提高大学生的综合素质和实践能力、尤其是创新能力具有重要意义 ,必须落实在各门课程的具体教学过程中。本文通过对《电工学》教材内容、教学方法、教学手段以及实践教学环节等方面的改革实践 ,探讨了在《电工学》课程教学过程中 ,提高学生综合素质、创新意识和实践能力的方法 :整合、更新教材内容 ,改革教学手段 ,使用多媒体教学课件 ,实验教学中减少验证性实验 ,增开EDA实验 ,开设课程设计 ,增加电子电工实践环节等 ,收到良好效果。     

企业人力资源规划实证研究

本文以一石化企业经营发展战略转变为背景 ,对其进行人力资源的内外环境分析 ,基于此制定实现该战略的人力资源规划 ,并给出相应的培训与对外人才招聘措施。     

Testing Karasek's learning and strain hypotheses on young workers in their first job

This study tests the core hypotheses of Karasek's job demand-control model: high job demands (workload) in combination with low job control (autonomy) increase strains (job dissatisfaction; strain hypothesis), whereas high job demands in combination with high job control increase learning and development in the job (here: learning new skills in the first job; learning hypothesis). These hypotheses are tested in two ways: (a) the mere combination of both job characteristics is associated with the expected outcomes, and (b) a statistical interaction between both job characteristics in predicting the outcomes is expected. A large dataset (n=2,212) of young workers in their first job was used to test all hypotheses. As young workers are presumably still in the process of adjusting themselves to their work environment, we expected that the effects of work characteristics on work outcomes would be stronger for this group than for more experienced workers. The results confirm both the strain and the learning hypothesis. We found a combined effect of both job characteristics, as well as a statistical interaction between both variables. The lowest level of job satisfaction was found in the “high strain” job, whereas the highest increase in skills was found in the “active” job. The consequences of these findings for theory and practice are discussed.     

以人为本,全面加强高校大学生思想政治教育

运用历史唯物主义关于人的本质、人的价值和人的全面发展的观点 ,阐述了高校大学生思想政治工作应从实际出发 ,坚持以人为本 ,遵循人的本质、体现人的价值 ,努力实现社会价值与个人价值的统一 ,以促进人的全面发展     

INFORMATION, CHANCE, AND EVOLUTION: ALCHIAN AND THE ECONOMICS OF SELF-ORGANIZATION

The strong invisible hand theorem says there is emergent order in human affairs. Smith and Hayek described it; Alchian gave the evolutionary proof. He showed that profit maximization is an emergent property of evolution when survival depends on positive profits. I extend Alchian's argument to consider how evolution discovers and adopts successful organizational forms. Evolving organizations "lock in" on inefficient equilibria. Noise and imitation—the evolutionary operators Alchian stressed—promote learning and adaptation to move the evolutionary dynamic off inefficient paths. Evolution is orders of magnitude faster than optimization; the relative time scales make the processes observationally distinguishable.     

Multilevel Risk and Protective Factors for Intimate Partner Violence Among African,Asian, and Latina Immigrant and Refugee Women: Perceptions of Effective Safety Planning Interventions

Immigrant and refugee women are at high risk for intimate partner violence (IPV) and intimate partner homicide (IPH). Given the growing number of immigrants and refugees in the US and the concerns about IPV and IPH among immigrant and refugee groups, this paper aims to identify survivors and practitioners’ perceptions of (a) common and culturally specific risk and protective factors for IPV and IPH for immigrant and refugee women and (b) areas of safety planning interventions for survivors who are at risk for severe or lethal violence by an intimate partner. Qualitative data for this multi-site study were collected from women and practitioners residing in seven geographically diverse US locations. Eighty-three in-depth interviews were conducted with adult immigrant and refugee survivors of IPV, who identified as Asian (n?=?30), Latina (n?=?30), and African (n?=?23). Additionally, nine focus groups and five key informant interviews were conducted with practitioners (n?=?62) who serve immigrant and refugee survivors of IPV. Results revealed multilevel risk and protective factors for IPV/IPH found at the societal level (e.g., patriarchal cultural norms), relationship level (e.g., partner abusive behaviors), and individual level (e.g., acculturation in the US). These findings can inform the development of culturally responsive risk assessment and safety planning interventions across legal, social service, and healthcare settings.     

Prices,Markups, and Trade Reform

This paper examines how prices, markups, and marginal costs respond to trade liberalization. We develop a framework to estimate markups from production data with multi‐product firms. This approach does not require assumptions on the market structure or demand curves faced by firms, nor assumptions on how firms allocate their inputs across products. We exploit quantity and price information to disentangle markups from quantity‐based productivity, and then compute marginal costs by dividing observed prices by the estimated markups. We use India's trade liberalization episode to examine how firms adjust these performance measures. Not surprisingly, we find that trade liberalization lowers factory‐gate prices and that output tariff declines have the expected pro‐competitive effects. However, the price declines are small relative to the declines in marginal costs, which fall predominantly because of the input tariff liberalization. The reason for this incomplete cost pass‐through to prices is that firms offset their reductions in marginal costs by raising markups. Our results demonstrate substantial heterogeneity and variability in markups across firms and time and suggest that producers benefited relative to consumers, at least immediately after the reforms.     

Sabotaging Potential Rivals

This paper studies sabotage in a contest with non-identical players. Unlike previous papers, we consider sabotage in an elimination contest and allow contestants to sabotage a potential or future rival. It turns out that for a certain seeding of players there is a pure-strategy equilibrium in which only the most able contestant engages in sabotage while less able contestants do not. The most able contestant may therefore prefer a situation where sabotage is allowed to one where sabotage is not allowed. For another seeding of players, there is a unique equilibrium in which none of the players invests in sabotage.