Behavioral evidence for framing effects in the resolution of the doctrinal paradox

The aggregation of individual sets of judgments over interconnected propositions can yield inconsistent collective sets of judgments, even when the individual sets of judgments are themselves consistent. A doctrinal paradox occurs when majority voting on a compound proposition (such as a conjunction or disjunction) yields a different result than majority voting on each of the elements of the proposition. For example, when most individuals accept proposition X; most individuals accept proposition Y ; but only a minority of individuals accept the compound proposition ‘X and Y’. Conducting two elemental votes would lead to accept X and Y , but conducting one compound vote would lead to reject X and Y . In such a situation, do people manifest a stable preference as to which voting procedure should be applied? This research reports the results of two behavioral experiments using a within-participant design, which show that procedural preferences can be upturned by framing either positively or negatively the set of judgments to be aggregated. This shift in procedural preference leads to large swings in the final collective judgment endorsed by participants.     

天下第一绝句《静夜思》——兼谈"床前明月光"何以后来居上

李白的《静夜思》是当代中国知名度最高、普及度最广的小诗,堪称天下第一绝句。诗中物象的亲切性、音韵的和美性、思维的单线性、空间的可变性、时间的永恒性、身心的依存性,组成了一个独一无二的魅力系统。但是,《静夜思》在整个唐代并未受到评论家和诗选家们的青睐。而且"床前明月光"和"举头望明月"两句,也是明代人从李白原句"床前看月光"和"举头望山月"改动而成的。"明月……明月……故乡",不仅大大增强了宇宙间的空明感,强劲延续了望月思乡的诗歌传统,而且大大凸显了明代文人群体的"大明"意识。尤其是明末清初的民族情绪,更使得这两个"明"字别具意味。因为在古典诗文中,"故乡"与"故国"同义。从明清两代开始,中国读者用集体的智慧,小小修改了李白的《静夜思》,大大强化了"作品的绝对独特性",又用集体的热情,一代代人亿万次地持续诵读。时至今日,终于在千淘万汰之后,将"床前明月光……"托上了民族记忆的珠穆朗玛峰。透视一首默默无闻的唐诗演变为天下第一绝句的特殊历程,后人可以在文学创作、作品改编、接受研究等方面获得多向度的启迪。     

Grandchild Care Transfers by Ageing Immigrants in France: Intra-household Allocation and Labour Market Implications

Using a unique sample on ageing first generation immigrants in France, we explore the distribution of grandchild care across offspring and the impact of this transfer on the labour supply of the mother. Our results indicate that grandchild care is spread unequally across siblings, and this inequality is driven more strongly by better labour market potential than by weaker financial status of the recipient. There is further evidence that even after accounting for potential endogeneity and unobserved heterogeneity, grandchild care has a positive impact on the labour supply of the mother. The pattern of intergenerational time transfers differs across people with different national and religions backgrounds.     

李清照"憔悴"词作年新测——以《永遇乐·元宵》为考察中心

本文对李清照<金石录后序>的"屏居乡里十年"首次作出确切的界定:1107--1116年(闰正月之前).<永遇乐>的"元宵"即1129年的元宵;该词中的"重(chóng)三五"即1116年的闰元宵.又利用李清照词、文、诗中的内证,提出李清照自比洞庭龙女的新说;再根据李清照习惯于自道"憔悴"的特点,论证<声声慢>(寻寻觅觅)、<临江仙>(庭院深深深几许)、<玉楼春>(红酥肯放琼包碎)、<永遇乐·元宵>四首"憔悴词"皆作于明诚逝世之前,特别论证了后三词作于1129年的金陵;文中还对宋人周煇、张端义、刘辰翁的记载或看法提出了质疑.     

陕西民间乐舞中的"傩"

为探索"傩"文化的潜在价值,通过文献分析和实地考察等方法,认为傩文化是先民遗存的活态文化基因,其包含着人类自身丰富的潜性思维方式及原始宗教与乐舞艺术.因此,它对中外文化艺术交流,对三秦大众的精神生活和文化娱乐生活将产生重大的影响.     

Islamophobia in the media: a response from multicultural education 1

This paper looks at the media in Germany and Australia in order to focus on the question of how Islam is accepted in both countries, and the extent to which Islamophobia exists. It was discovered that, for the most part, the media in both countries present a somewhat biased view of Muslims and Islam. However, there were some significant differences: (1) a higher acceptance of multiculturalism in the Australian media, which is revealed in the greater number of articles on ordinary, everyday multicultural life; (2) differences in the portrayal of migrants’ roles; and (3) the terminology used to refer to migrants. The paper concludes by outlining the ways in which multicultural education could contribute to a reduction of Islamophobia.     

在读女研究生怀孕问题的分析与思考——以“理性选择理论”为视角

本文在对141份样本统计分析的基础上，揭示了在读女研究生怀孕的动因及在校研究生对此类事情的不同认识与态度，并进一步从理性选择理论的视角出发表达了笔者对此问题的思考与看法。     

Testing lack of symmetry in spatial–temporal processes

Symmetry and separability of a covariance function are common assumptions to simplify the modeling effort of spatial–temporal processes. However, many studies in environmental sciences show that real data have complex spatial–temporal dependency structures resulting from lack of symmetry or violation of other standard assumptions of the covariance function. In this study, we propose new formal tests for lack of symmetry by using spectral representations of the spatial–temporal covariance functions of regularly spaced spatial–temporal data. The advantage of the proposed tests is that classical analysis of variance (ANOVA) models can be used for detecting lack of symmetry inherent in spatial–temporal processes. We evaluate the performance of the tests with simulation studies and we apply them to air pollution data.     

城市流动人口中“三失”青少年的社会工作干预

随着农民工家庭化流动的增多,城市流动人口中的“三失”青少年问题突出,如违法犯罪率高.但由于其流动人口身份,受到城市社会关注较少,现有的针对流动人口“三失”青少年的社会工作干预成效有限,存在不少问题.本文认为城市社区青少年社会工作服务要尽快覆盖到流动人口中的青少年群体,依托社区、企业与学校在帮扶过程中的辅助作用,实施社工机构与社会、企业、学校与家庭多方联动的机制,解决相关问题,使其尽快回归社会,融入社会.