THE "PSYCHOSOMATIC FAMILY" RECONSIDERED: DIABETES IN CONTEXT

Minuchin, Rosman and Baker's (1978) Psychosomatic Families is widely cited as a demonstration that the physiological disturbance of some diabetic patients serves a function in their families. We found that the original data did not provide such a demonstration. We examined the psychosomatic family model in light of recent developments in the study and treatment of diabetes. We concluded that the model decontextualizes the family and assigns to it characteristics that are more appropriately seen as reflections of the disease process, the family coping tasks this entails, and the nature of the family's relationship with the health care system. The need for new open-systems models of the family's role in diabetes is discussed .     

Alienation,indifference and the choice of ideological position

In this paper we describe a simple model of individual voting behavior and present its implications for the candidate positioning problem under both vote and plurality maximization. Under our assumptions, some voters at the extremes of the ideological spectrum typically will not vote because they are alienated by the equilibrium location of candidates. There will also be some voters in the middle of the ideological spectrum who will not vote because they are indifferent between the equilibrium locations of the candidates. Both the abstention from alienation and from indifference arise explicitly from utility maximization. Once we allow for alienation and indifference, the two alternative candidate objective functions (vote maximization and plurality maximization) yield different outcomes. In particular, we show that under vote maximization the Median Voter (or Minimum Differentiation) outcome will not arise. On the other hand, under plurality maximization, the Median Voter outcome may or may not hold, depending on the distribution of voter preferences.We should like to thank Jerry Fusselman, Jon Hamilton, Mel Hinich, Charlie Holt and participants at seminars at the University of Virginia, Northwestern University and the 1989 Meetings of the Public Choice Society and the Economic Science Association for their helpful comments.     

Career and Personal Concerns Expressed by Career Counseling Clients

In this study, the authors used case notes to classify client concerns that surfaced during career counseling with adults in a university-sponsored community counseling center. A two-stage classification system was developed and used to estimate the frequencies of occurrence for career and personal issues that surface during career counseling. The authors concluded that a substantial overlap exists between the content of career counseling and that of psychotherapy.     

On the transformation of raw time series data: A review

Effective time-series analysis is based on the assumption that the series under investigation is a realisation of a "stationary" stochastic process. In practice, such a stable series can generally only be obtained after some appropriate transformation of the raw data. Two types of non-stationarity can be removed by, respectively, linear and non-linear transformation. These are "homogeneous" non-stationarity and variance instability. The first can be dealt with by backshift operator methods, whilst the second is usually carried out by the approach of Box and Cox, though an easier way is given. The loss of optimal properties, on transforming back to the original situation, can be offset by suitably biasing the results.     

POPULATION DENSITY, ELITES, AND THE DISTRIBUTION OF INFRASTRUCTURAL RESOURCES IN THAILAND

Literature on population density and infrastructure has generally used an ecological/economic model to identify the determinants of the distribution of infrastructural resources. While this approach has been fruitful, a political-economic approach suggests the importance of an alternative set of determinants of resource distribution: the needs of elites. This paper operationalizes both political-economic and ecological/economic explanations and compares their efficacy in predicting infrastructural development in the provinces of Thailand. Overall, our data suggest that the distribution of infrastructural resources is primarily a function of two ecological-economic variables—gross provincial product and density, and the political-economic factors of presence of governmental and non-governmental elites in the province.