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851.
Andrés Carvajal 《Theory and Decision》2007,62(4):355-374
There is a collection of exogenously given socially feasible sets, and, for each one of them, each individual in a group chooses from an individually feasible set. The fact that the product of the individually feasible sets is larger than the socially feasible set notwithstanding, there arises no conflict between individual choices. Assuming that individual preferences are random, I characterize rationalizable collective choices. 相似文献
852.
Influence diagnostics in Gaussian spatial linear models 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Spatial linear models have been applied in numerous fields such as agriculture, geoscience and environmental sciences, among many others. Spatial dependence structure modelling, using a geostatistical approach, is an indispensable tool to estimate the parameters that define this structure. However, this estimation may be greatly affected by the presence of atypical observations in the sampled data. The purpose of this paper is to use diagnostic techniques to assess the sensitivity of the maximum-likelihood estimators, covariance functions and linear predictor to small perturbations in the data and/or the spatial linear model assumptions. The methodology is illustrated with two real data sets. The results allowed us to conclude that the presence of atypical values in the sample data have a strong influence on thematic maps, changing the spatial dependence structure. 相似文献
853.
854.
José R. Berrendero Antonio Cuevas Beatriz Pateiro-López 《Statistics and Computing》2012,22(1):259-271
A test for the hypothesis of uniformity on a support S⊂ℝ
d
is proposed. It is based on the use of multivariate spacings as those studied in Janson (Ann. Probab. 15:274–280, 1987). As a novel aspect, this test can be adapted to the case that the support S is unknown, provided that it fulfils the shape condition of λ-convexity. The consistency properties of this test are analyzed and its performance is checked through a small simulation
study. The numerical problems involved in the practical calculation of the maximal spacing (which is required to obtain the
test statistic) are also discussed in some detail. 相似文献
855.
The problem of interest is covering a given point set with homothetic copies of several convex containers C
1,…,C
k
, while the objective is to minimize the maximum over the dilatation factors. Such k-containment problems arise in various applications, e.g. in facility location, shape fitting, data classification or clustering.
So far most attention has been paid to the special case of the Euclidean k-center problem, where all containers C
i
are Euclidean unit balls. Recent developments based on so-called core-sets enable not only better theoretical bounds in the
running time of approximation algorithms but also improvements in practically solvable input sizes. Here, we present some
new geometric inequalities and a Mixed-Integer-Convex-Programming formulation. Both are used in a very effective branch-and-bound
routine which not only improves on best known running times in the Euclidean case but also handles general and even different
containers among the C
i
. 相似文献
856.
r -th record values subject to (r + 1)-th record values, record mean function, from a distribution of discrete type. We give some properties of the record
mean function and an explicit expression for the distribution function based on its record mean function, which allows us
to characterize particular discrete distributions using the record mean functions.
Received: January 4, 1999; revised version: September 27, 1999 相似文献
857.
Hervé Crès 《Social Choice and Welfare》2001,18(3):507-525
We consider weak preference orderings over a set A
n of n alternatives. An individual preference is of refinement?≤n if it first partitions A
n into ? subsets of `tied' alternatives, and then ranks these subsets within a linear ordering. When ?<n, preferences are coarse. It is shown that, if the refinement of preferences does not exceed ?, a super majority rule (within non-abstaining voters)
with rate 1− 1/? is necessary and sufficient to rule out Condorcet cycles of any length. It is argued moreover how the coarser
the individual preferences, (1) the smaller the rate of super majority necessary to rule out cycles `in probability'; (2)
the more probable the pairwise comparisons of alternatives, for any given super majority rule.
Received: 29 June 1999/Accepted: 25 February 2000 相似文献
858.
Ranking finite subsets of a given set X of elements is the formal object of analysis in this article. This problem has found a wide range of economic interpretations
in the literature. The focus of the article is on the family of rankings that are additively representable. Existing characterizations
are too complex and hard to grasp in decisional contexts. Furthermore, Fishburn (1996), Journal of Mathematical Psychology
40, 64–77 showed that the number of sufficient and necessary conditions that are needed to characterize such a family has
no upper bound as the cardinality of X increases. In turn, this article proposes a way to overcome these difficulties and allows for the characterization of a meaningful
(sub)family of additively representable rankings of sets by means of a few simple axioms. Pattanaik and Xu’s (1990), Recherches
Economiques de Louvain 56, 383–390) characterization of the cardinality-based rule will be derived from our main result, and other new rules that stem from our general proposal are discussed and characterized
in even simpler terms. In particular, we analyze restricted-cardinality based rules, where the set of “focal” elements is
not given ex-ante; but brought out by the axioms.
相似文献
859.
860.
Age at coming out among gay/lesbian/bisexual (GLB) persons and sexual debut with same-gendered partners has typically been investigated in samples that do not reflect the racial and ethnic diversity of these communities. Addressing this limitation, data were collected from a diverse sample of men and women attending large-scale GLB community events in New York and Los Angeles in 2003 (N = 2,733). Compared to older cohorts, younger cohorts (18-24 year olds) of both men and women reported significantly earlier ages for sexual debut with same-gendered partners, and earlier ages for coming out to themselves and to others. Also, women began the process at later ages than men, as they reported coming out to themselves and sexual debut with a same-gender partner approximately two years later than men. There were no racial or ethnic differences in age out to self or others; however, persons of color were less likely to be out to their parents. Service providers, sexuality educators, and researchers should attend to the diversity in experience of coming out among GLB populations as they relate to the individuals gender, age, and racial and ethnic backgrounds. 相似文献