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81.
Sensitivity Analysis for Importance Assessment 总被引:20,自引:0,他引:20
Andrea Saltelli 《Risk analysis》2002,22(3):579-590
We review briefly some examples that would support an extended role for quantitative sensitivity analysis in the context of model-based analysis (Section 1). We then review what features a quantitative sensitivity analysis needs to have to play such a role (Section 2). The methods that meet these requirements are described in Section 3; an example is provided in Section 4. Some pointers to further research are set out in Section 5. 相似文献
82.
83.
84.
The concept of Georg Simmel's stranger as expanded by Robert Park and Alfred Schutz is applied to the placekicker in American professional football. The placekicker's relationship to the team is examined in terms of its structural centrality and cultural marginality. Changes that have occurred in football due to the rise to prominence of the kicker are described. Implications from the occupational position of the kicker are drawn. 相似文献
85.
Summary We idenify the invertible coherent functional relation between an array of asserted conditional probabilities and the probability
distribution for the sum of events that are regarded exchangeably, in the regular case thatP(N
N+1
|S
N
=a) ∈ (0, 1) for everya=0, 1, ...,N. The result is used to construct a useful algebraic and geometrical representation of all coherent inferences in the regular
case, including those that are nonlinear in the sum of the conditioning events. The special case in which conditional probabilities
mimic observed frequencies within (0, 1) receives an exact solution, which allows an easy interpretation of its surprising
consequences. Finally, we introduce a new direction in research on prior opinion assessment that this approach, inverse to
the usual one, suggests. 相似文献
86.
Andrea Freeman 《Disability & Society》1988,3(1):79-85
A professional critically examines her practices towards parents whilst an educational psychologist. Aspects of the power relationship are explored, including acting as a friend, the trappings of professionalism, privacy and confidentiality, interprofessional trust, and the provision of services. A tentative conclusion reached is that these create dilemmas which are part of the workings of the system within which the educational psychologist works, and that professional survival is the underlying motive. 相似文献
87.
A small convenience sample of 34 participants (17 males, 17 females) from the Portuguese islands of the Azores and Madeira were asked to provide examples of how extreme, moderate, and mild maltreatment towards an elder would be defined in their culture and society. Neglect, especially psychological neglect, physical maltreatment, and psychological maltreatment were the most frequently reported types of maltreatment. References to neglect and physical maltreatment appeared most often as examples of extreme maltreatment. In general, men were somewhat more likely than women to provide examples of physical aggression in their examples of maltreatment. As examples of extreme maltreatment, females provided significantly more examples of abandonment than males. Although interpretations of the findings must be cautious because of the small sample size and limited statistical power, the study illustrates a procedure for assessing constructs of elder mistreatment in a way that attends to respondents' own constructions of the phenomenon. 相似文献
88.
This article proposes a new spatial cluster detection method for longitudinal outcomes that detects neighborhoods and regions with elevated rates of disease while controlling for individual level confounders. The proposed method, CumResPerm, utilizes cumulative geographic residuals through a permutation test to detect potential clusters which are defined as sets of administrative regions, such as a town or group of administrative regions. Previous cluster detection methods are not able to incorporate individual level data including covariate adjustment, while still being able to define potential clusters using informative neighborhood or town boundaries. Often, it is of interest to detect such spatial clusters because individuals residing in a town may have similar environmental exposures or socioeconomic backgrounds due to administrative reasons, such as zoning laws. Therefore, these boundaries can be very informative and more relevant than arbitrary clusters such as the standard circle or square. Application of the CumResPerm method will be illustrated by the Home Allergens and Asthma prospective cohort study analyzing the relationship between area or neighborhood residence and repeated measured outcome, occurrence of wheeze in the last six months, while taking into account mobile locations. 相似文献
89.
Jessica D. Freeman Jessica Elton Andrea Lambert South 《Journal of Family Communication》2019,19(3):261-276
ABSTRACTGrandfamilies, family structures in which grandparent(s) co-reside with and assume a primary caregiving role for at least one grandchild, are increasingly common in the United States. This qualitative, exploratory study, informed by family communication patterns theory (FCPT), illuminated the reported communication beliefs and practices of grandparents who serve as primary caregiver to at least one grandchild. Hybrid thematic analysis, combining FCTP with inductive analysis, was used to analyze 21 semi-structured interviews with grandparents. Results yielded four themes describing grandparents’ reported communicative practices: creating opportunities for listening and dialogue, talking about emotion, emphasizing openness, and allowing questioning; and three themes describing the impact of second-chance parenting: increased resources, acquired wisdom, and matured emotionally. Implications for grandfamily communication research in light of hybrid analyses and FCPT are discussed. 相似文献
90.
Antoine Godichon-Baggioni Cathy Maugis-Rabusseau Andrea Rau 《Journal of applied statistics》2019,46(1):47-65
Although there is no shortage of clustering algorithms proposed in the literature, the question of the most relevant strategy for clustering compositional data (i.e. data whose rows belong to the simplex) remains largely unexplored in cases where the observed value is equal or close to zero for one or more samples. This work is motivated by the analysis of two applications, both focused on the categorization of compositional profiles: (1) identifying groups of co-expressed genes from high-throughput RNA sequencing data, in which a given gene may be completely silent in one or more experimental conditions; and (2) finding patterns in the usage of stations over the course of one week in the Velib' bicycle sharing system in Paris, France. For both of these applications, we make use of appropriately chosen data transformations, including the Centered Log Ratio and a novel extension called the Log Centered Log Ratio, in conjunction with the K-means algorithm. We use a non-asymptotic penalized criterion, whose penalty is calibrated with the slope heuristics, to select the number of clusters. Finally, we illustrate the performance of this clustering strategy, which is implemented in the Bioconductor package coseq, on both the gene expression and bicycle sharing system data. 相似文献