知识性文化遗产——泰国非物质文化遗产保护的经验与启示

联合国教科文组织《保护非物质文化遗产公约》颁布后,非物质文化遗产的保护传承开始受到世界各国的重视。日本的"无形文化遗产"和韩国的"人间珍宝"给非遗的保护工作带来新的理念。中国用"非物质文化遗产"的概念取代了国内原本的"民族民间文化"的概念。与我国西南部接壤的泰国,在保护非物质文化遗产工作中,提出了"知识性文化遗产"这一新的概念,并将之划分为七个领域。本文以泰国文化遗产保护为例,对比日韩的保护经验,以期对我国非物质文化遗产的保护工作提供借鉴作用。     

辛亥革命时期河南的“独立”活动及其失败

武昌起义爆发后,革命党人为实现河南独立做了不懈的努力,如武装暴动,从外省组织军队入豫,争取清吏反正等。但从军队数量、训练程度、武器装备及后勤保障能力等方面考量,独立力量均处于劣势,袁世凯掌权即是革命成功的简单认识、革命党人自身发展不足、起义诸军的内部矛盾及独特的地形因素,使得河南独立最终未能实现。     

Flight of the Conchords: Recontextualizing the voices of popular culture1

Folk‐comedy duo, Flight of the Conchords, have become one of New Zealand's most successful musical exports, having attracted a large international audience through their American‐produced TV series. One of their central comic devices is to stylize well‐known singers and their music. This article focuses on how Flight of the Conchords shift their phonetic style towards that of various target personas, and how they maintain their own voices as comedians in the process. An acoustic analysis compares Flight of the Conchords’ pronunciation of four vowels (kit , dress , trap , and goat) to the pronunciation of the pop singers being stylized. Both Jemaine Clement and Bret McKenzie manipulate their vowel production towards that of the targeted personas. They also maintain some distance from their targeted roles through a range of devices including the use of exaggerated phonetic style. Through their performances, Flight of the Conchords recontextualize and parody a range of popular cultural products, continuing the enregisterment of certain phonetic styles with the voices of well‐known characterological figures.     

Exploring structural habitat heterogeneity in sustainable urban drainage systems (SUDS) for urban biodiversity support

Implementation of sustainable urban drainage systems (SUDS) as part of cities’ transition towards climate resilience encompasses unique opportunities to enhance urban nature qualities. SUDS include individual elements integrated in the urban landscape, e.g. rain gardens or wet basins, which are usually constructed with low structural heterogeneity. Structural heterogeneity of habitats is, however, associated with a high degree of biodiversity. This study explored potentials of habitat heterogeneity enhancement in SUDS using structural heterogeneity as a proxy for biodiversity potential. In an interdisciplinary workshop, landscape architects and urban ecologists designed individual SUDS elements with enhanced structural habitat heterogeneity, hereafter bio-SUDS. The redesigned SUDS elements were infiltration trench, curb extension, rain garden, swale, wet basin, and dry basin. To evaluate the bio-SUDS designs, we developed an index of habitat heterogeneity in SUDS based on registration of 45 structurally important components. The conversion from standard SUDS to bio-SUDS entailed substantial increases in structural heterogeneity ranging from 4 to 18 additional components within elements. Larger bio-SUDS elements returned higher index scores, but the relative score increases were substantial for all bio-SUDS and in the range of a factor of 2–5.5. Increased terrain differences, meandering edges, stones, gravel, boulders, deadwood, and brown roof-like vegetation were the components most often employed in the bio-SUDS designs. In conclusion, implementation of bio-SUDS has potential to increase structural habitat heterogeneity thereby providing habitat for biodiversity in urban green areas. The developed bio-SUDS index can assist in future assessments of ecological qualities in designs and real-world SUDS elements.     

关联区域旅游产业竞争环境分析

面对日益开放的市场和日益激烈的国际、国内竞争,区域旅游产业要想在竞争中取胜,求得生存和发展,惟有不断提升自身实力,在竞争中获得竞争优势.本文以美国著名学者波特的竞争环境分析模型为理论基础,结合旅游产业自身的特点,建立了关联区域旅游产业竞争环境分析的基本框架,对关联区域旅游产业竞争的现状进行了分析,并对区域旅游产业如何在竞争中取得竞争优势提出了策略.     

'Staying on': the effects of recent changes in educational participation for 17–19 year-olds in Norway and Scotland

In this paper we consider some of the implications of the growth of educational participation for the labour market integration of young people between the ages of 17 and 19 in Norway and Scotland. In particular, we focus on the experiences of disadvantaged youth and assess the extent to which they benefit from participation in post-compulsory schooling. We argue that in terms of success on the labour market, post-compulsory secondary education is only beneficial to those intending to continue into Higher Education. We demonstrate the existence of persistent inequalities among 'non-traditional stayers', and show that despite greater access to post-compulsory education, young people from middle class families still retain important advantages in both Norway and Scotland. However, we argue that in Scotland, females and those from less advantaged social positions are more disadvantaged than their Norwegian counterparts.     

Hot Jobs in Cool Places. The Material Cultures of New Media Product Spaces: The Case of South of the Market, San Francisco

This paper explores the localization of new media production in San Francisco. It is contextualized within a debate about the material culture of cyberspace. Much rhetoric has been expended in 'reading off' idealized 'online' worlds into probable 'off-line' worlds: the 'death of geography' is a case in point. The case is made for a corrective to both the idealist-culturalist, and the materialist techno-economic, accounts of cyberspace that accords an opportunity for both to infuse one another. The paper uses the concept of the material cultural practice of making products, underpinned by the notion of product space, to argue in favour of a co-construction of the 'off-' and 'online' worlds. The case study illustrates the point of how the most ecstatic 'online' community is rooted in a particular space and place, and how 'off-line' practices are essential to its 'online' presence.     

国内影视动画场景设计分析

场景设计在影视动画制作中不仅影响着角色与剧情,还关乎动画的欣赏。就我国目前的情况而言,由于影视动画本身就是一个近几年来才出现的新兴产业,各种创作理论还不很完备,难免在影视动画场景设计中存在着一些误区,如把动画场景设计等同于环境艺术设计;只重视视觉效果,忽视场景合理性;创作思路不完整等。因而,应完善影视动画场景设计流程,准确把握“5W 1H”(world view,when,where,who,why and how),做好概念设计,从而不断提高我国影视动画的创作水平。