Many studies of the elderly adopt a provider perspective, focusing on social policy, organizations, and professional groups. Less is known about how the elderly manage when they eventually need help in everyday living. This study examined the everyday behavior and strategies of the elderly through conducting semi-structured, in-depth interviews with 22 people over age 65. The intentions and strategies found revealed that the elderly managed or coped in active, adaptive, and passive ways, ranged along a continuum from actively maintaining their independence to passively depending on others. 相似文献
This paper is aimed at assessing and disentangling how territorial governance configurations influence contemporary practices in strategic plan-making in 14 European urban regions. The findings allow us to distinguish three dominant practices: i) plan-making shaped by consensus building and multilevel government cooperation; ii) plan-making shaped by the involvement of profit-oriented actors and negotiations, and iii) plan-making shaped by consolidated planning practice. To truly grasp plan-making practice, it is necessary to scrutinize who rules and who is ruled while negotiations are unfolding, as well as the extent to which private actors’ interests influence how spatial development goals and strategies are defined. 相似文献
This paper examines the complex relationships between the government and multinational enterprises (MNEs) in Russia. Different from most studies that focus on the state as a whole, we distinguish between different levels of government, namely federal and regional. We investigate how these relationships influence the ability of Russian MNEs to gain external legitimacy. We report the findings of a qualitative multiple-case study of 12 Russian MNEs based on observations and 55 face-to-face interviews conducted in 2014 and 2015. The analysis reveals four different types of relationships: collaborative, submissive, adversarial, and collusive. We find that collaborative and submissive relationships have a positive effect on the external legitimacy of MNEs, whereas adversarial and collusive ones have a negative effect. We conclude that Russian MNEs are able to gain external legitimacy by capitalizing on different types of relationships with the federal and regional governments and using them to advance their own international activities. 相似文献
Over the years football has attracted enormous interest from various fields of study, attracting attention both for its sporting and social aspects. Professional business operators consider football an important industry with enormous potential both in terms of its size and growth, and also because of indirect benefits due to the popularity gained by investors and management of football teams. The focus of the analysis has been on what characterizes most football clubs, and determines their particular economic and financial needs. The aim of this paper is to establish an efficiency measurement for football team financial resource allocation. In particular, we analysed the impact that the income statement, Net equity and Team value variables have on the points achieved by football teams playing in “Serie A” championship (Italian league). The method used in our study is a generalized estimating equation (GEE) for longitudinal count data. In addition we consider a coefficient of determination in the GEE approach based on Wald Statistics, and we propose a modified Mallow’s Cp for choosing the best model. Finally we propose an AFRSport index based on the differences between observed and theoretical points, in order to identify those teams that efficiently employ their financial resources.
Social Indicators Research - The study of preferences of leisure-time activities provides important information on the characteristics and inclinations of specific demographics. Modeling these data... 相似文献
In 1996 both the Netherlands and the United States adopted welfarelegislation that aimed to exchange single mothers relianceon the welfare state for dependence on the labor market. Thislegislation seems to indicate an end to gender-differentiatedsocial citizenship rights. However, ethnographic research onwelfare reform implementation shows that citizenship does notget constructed solely at the level of legislation. In-depthresearch in one site in the United States and one site in theNetherlands illustrates that citizenship continues to be genderedin specific ways despite the apparent end of gender differentiationat the level of policy formation. 相似文献
We prove that the welfare theorems hold in the framework of coalitional exchange economies with public projects, both in case
of pure exchange and in the presence of production. The space of agents is assumed to be non-atomic (single traders are negligible)
and infinitely many commodities are allowed to be present on the market. 相似文献
This is a discussion of the debate in the literature on the new Looking After Children system of managing out of home care for children. This is an important program initiative in results‐oriented government that takes an individualised approach to children in care. The literature generally falls into the two categories of either relatively uncritical advocacy of LAC or its wholesale critique. These two camps pass as ships in the night and echo polarised epistemologies within policy analysis. There is very little analytical attention to LAC as an instance of the wider human service trends of individualised planning and case management. 相似文献
Marital relationships, like individuals, follow a developmental trajectory over time with ups and downs and gains and losses. We work from a life course perspective and use growth curve analysis to look at trajectories of change in marital quality over time. Although the tendency is for marital quality to decline over time, some groups begin with much higher levels of marital quality than others. Moreover, a number of life course and contextual factors can accelerate or slow this path of change. Our findings point to the importance of considering the multi-dimensionality of time (e.g., age, marital duration, the passage of years) as well as family transitions (e.g., having children, emptying or refilling the nest) in creating the meanings and experiences of marriage over time. 相似文献