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961.
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963.
We study non-Markov multistage models under dependent censoring regarding estimation of stage occupation probabilities. The
individual transition and censoring mechanisms are linked together through covariate processes that affect both the transition
intensities and the censoring hazard for the corresponding subjects. In order to adjust for the dependent censoring, an additive
hazard regression model is applied to the censoring times, and all observed counting and “at risk” processes are subsequently
given an inverse probability of censoring weighted form. We examine the bias of the Datta–Satten and Aalen–Johansen estimators
of stage occupation probability, and also consider the variability of these estimators by studying their estimated standard
errors and mean squared errors. Results from different simulation studies of frailty models indicate that the Datta–Satten
estimator is approximately unbiased, whereas the Aalen–Johansen estimator either under- or overestimates the stage occupation
probability due to the dependent nature of the censoring process. However, in our simulations, the mean squared error of the
latter estimator tends to be slightly smaller than that of the former estimator. Studies on development of nephropathy among
diabetics and on blood platelet recovery among bone marrow transplant patients are used as demonstrations on how the two estimation
methods work in practice. Our analyses show that the Datta–Satten estimator performs well in estimating stage occupation probability,
but that the censoring mechanism has to be quite selective before a deviation from the Aalen-Johansen estimator is of practical
importance.
N. Gunnes—Supported by a grant from the Norwegian Cancer Society. 相似文献
964.
965.
Australian hospitals regularly care for patients who cannot be discharged routinely due to complex psychosocial needs that manifest as barriers to discharge. These long-stay or “stranded” patients are at risk of detrimental health outcomes resulting from their extended stay while also potentially delaying admission for those who need acute care. This article discusses a new social work led model of care developed at an Australian metropolitan hospital that targets long-stay patients with psychosocial barriers to discharge. The model of care, overseen by a specialist social worker and assistant, demonstrates how the social work profession can take leadership within the psychosocial realm to improve both organisational and patient outcomes. 相似文献
966.
To analyze interactions in marked spatiotemporal point processes (MSTPPs), we introduce marked second‐order reduced moment measures and K‐functions for inhomogeneous second‐order intensity‐reweighted stationary MSTPPs. These summary statistics, which allow us to quantify dependence between different mark‐based classifications of points, depend on the specific mark space and mark reference measure chosen. Unbiased and consistent minus‐sampling estimators are derived for all statistics considered, and a test for random labeling is indicated. In addition, we treat Voronoi intensity estimators for MSTPPs. These new statistics are finally employed to analyze an Andaman Sea earthquake data set. 相似文献
967.
Serena Corsini-Munt Sophie Bergeron Natalie O. Rosen Noémie Beaulieu Marc Steben 《Journal of sex research》2017,54(3):308-318
Childhood maltreatment is robustly associated with adult-onset vulvodynia, a common form of female genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder. However, little is known about the impact of childhood maltreatment on current sexual, psychological, and relationship adaptation for couples with provoked vestibulodynia (PVD). This study examined the associations between childhood maltreatment and sexual and psychosocial functioning and pain in women with PVD, the most common subtype of vulvodynia, and their partners. A total of 49 couples (Mage women = 27.80, SD = 6.05; Mage men = 30.04; SD = 6.48) with PVD completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), as well as measures of sexual functioning, couple satisfaction, and anxiety. Women also reported on their pain during intercourse. Analyses were guided by the actor–partner interdependence model. Women’s higher reports of childhood maltreatment were associated with their lower sexual functioning and higher anxiety. Partners’ higher reports of childhood maltreatment were associated with their lower sexual functioning, lower couple satisfaction, and higher anxiety, as well as women’s lower couple satisfaction and higher anxiety. Both women’s and partners’ higher reports of childhood maltreatment were associated with higher affective pain for women. Findings suggest childhood maltreatment experienced by women with PVD and their partners should be considered as part of treatment planning. 相似文献
968.
Multicultural and International Research in Four Career Development Journals: An 11‐Year Content Analysis 下载免费PDF全文
Patton O. Garriott Eve Faris Julian Frazier Stephanie Nisle Joseph Galluzzo 《The Career development quarterly》2017,65(4):302-314
In an increasingly diverse and global society, it is important to evaluate the cultural responsiveness of vocational research. The authors examined trends in the publication of multicultural‐focused articles from 2005 to 2015 in 4 journals: The Career Development Quarterly, the Journal of Career Assessment, the Journal of Career Development, and the Journal of Vocational Behavior. Methodological, thematic, and construct trends were examined across the identity categories of gender, socioeconomic status, sexual orientation, gender identity, ability status, religion/spirituality, age, immigration status, and international research. Results showed increases in social class and international research but continued neglect of sexual orientation, gender identity, and ability status. The themes of career exploration and promoting agency received the most attention; equity in work settings received the least. Findings suggest that more research with underrepresented groups is needed and that counselors may need to rely on resources outside the current literature to ensure best practices with these clients. 相似文献
969.
Fredrik O. Andersson 《Nonprofit management & leadership》2017,28(2):249-258
One distinctive contribution nonprofit entrepreneurship research brings to the broader domain of nonprofit studies is an explicit focus on the process of new nonprofit organizational emergence. This article asserts that in order for nonprofit entrepreneurship scholarship to continue to evolve, it is necessary to focus more on what happens before a new nonprofit is formally founded, during the so‐called nascent phase. Using conceptual as well as empirically derived arguments, this article illuminates why nascent nonprofit research is necessary and valuable to nonprofit entrepreneurship scholarship and highlights promising areas for future research. 相似文献
970.
A new four-parameter distribution called the exponentiated power Lindley–Poisson distribution which is an extension of the power Lindley and Lindley–Poisson distributions is introduced. Statistical properties of the distribution including the shapes of the density and hazard functions, moments, entropy measures, and distribution of order statistics are given. Maximum likelihood estimation technique is used to estimate the parameters. A simulation study is conducted to examine the bias, mean square error of the maximum likelihood estimators, and width of the confidence interval for each parameter. Finally, applications to real data sets are presented to illustrate the usefulness of the proposed distribution. 相似文献