Perspective Canada as a social report

This paper reviews the first attempt at social reporting in Canada, Perspective Canada, contrasting it with social reports from other nations, in particular the United States' publication, Social Indicators, 1973. Some future directions and structure for Perspective Canada are suggested, and the paper concludes with a discussion of the importance of the bold use of model building in the analysis of social indicators data, and the innovative use of graphical methods for social reporting.     

Modelling domestic work time

What variables should be used as regressors in models of the length of time which people spend doing unpaid domestic work? To most economists, the answer would be straightforward: use the variables which are implied by a theoretical model of household time allocation (e.g. Becker's). This paper shows that this strategy has not been followed, explores why this is so, and makes some recommendations about variable specification and the treatment of paid market work time in particular. The arguments are illustrated using regressions based on UK time budget data for the mid-1980s.     

Fertility adaptation of rural-to-urban migrant women: A method of estimation applled to Korean women

This study proposes to test for the existence of an adaptation effect of rural-to-urban migration. The design is to divide migrants into two groups at the time of observation: one group which had migrated by that time, and another group consisting of individuals who had not yet migrated but are known to migrate later. It is presumed that if the former group had not migrated it would have had a birth path similar to the latter group. Adaptation is measured by the difference between this hypothetical birth path and the actual birth path of migrants observed after they migrate. The model is tested on Korean women and found to support the existence of an adaptation effect.     

马克思政治哲学：戏仿及其真理程序

马克思的政治哲学讨论通常显示出一种二元的抑或戏仿的写作特征,这在本质上是唯物辩证法的文本样态。通过自觉或非自觉的戏仿写作,马克思既彰显了批判锋芒,又保持了通向革命的实践审慎。政治哲学的戏仿起初是马克思用以应对普鲁士语境的自觉的写作策略和意图,而后进一步发展为启蒙批判的文本意识,以启蒙的话语来揭示后启蒙时代资本主义社会的内在矛盾。在历史唯物主义的完整呈现中,戏仿不仅表达为“消灭哲学”的哲学,更表达为消灭“永恒真理”的真理诉求。正是通过对近代政治哲学文本的戏仿,马克思“破坏”了压制现实性的语词世界,使得文本及其意义掌握了改变历史的物质力量,并促使文本的意义在后世不断突破语词边界,在今人的阅读和实践中获得延异。     

采购拍卖与谈判机制设计及其贝叶斯均衡策略

设计了一种先"拍卖"再"谈判"的两阶段采购机制,实现了更具分配效率且更符合实际的单物品采购运作。该机制设计的特色在于考虑到:采购业务中同时存在关于价格和质量的投标竞争与议价谈判,供应商与采购商在采购的不同阶段的私有信息披露问题,以及谈判阶段的时间成本和相应均衡策略问题。研究的基本结论是:在机制的拍卖阶段中,存在最佳近视反应意义下的招投标策略;机制的议价阶段在均衡路径上的分配结果,与买卖双方的真实价值具有重要的确定性关系;议价阶段实现了对拍卖阶段分配效率的改进,且买卖双方都存在关于质量和价格的贝叶斯纳什均衡议价策略与相关信念。     

Perceived Racial Discrimination as a Predictor of Health Behaviors: the Moderating Role of Gender

Perceived racial discrimination (PRD) has been implicated in undermining the mental and physical health of racial/ethnic minorities (e.g., Williams et al. in Am J Public Health 93:200–208, 2003; Wong et al. in J Pers 71:1197–1232, 2003). Researchers have begun to explore the indirect role of health behaviors as one factor in helping to explain this relationship. The goal of the present study was to examine the relationship between PRD and a wide range of health behaviors using a prospective, longitudinal design and to explore the role of gender in moderating these relationships. Using data from the Maryland Adolescent Development in Context Study, we examined the relationship between adolescent PRD (accumulated across ages 14–21) and health behaviors (i.e., diet, substance use, exercise) at age 30 in a sample of middle-class black men and women. Using structural equation modeling, results revealed that more cumulative PRD during adolescence was associated with less healthy eating, more substance use (among men), and more exercise (among women) in young adulthood. Implications of these findings for understanding the role of health behaviors in explaining the link between PRD and health outcomes are considered.     

列宁是布朗基主义者吗——答普列汉诺夫对列宁革命理论的责难

列宁与布朗基主义的关系历来是一个充满争议的问题。普列汉诺夫认为,俄国经济的落后使得革命的政治因素与社会主义因素不可能相结合,无产阶级不顾客观经济条件夺取政权将是国家的最大灾难,列宁寄希望于少数人的密谋和暴力是布朗基式的＂民意主义＂。理论与实践都已经证明,普列汉诺夫不顾时代的变化而教条式地固守马克思的个别论断,误读了列宁的革命理论,是时代的落伍者。重温列宁的革命理论,我们在如何对待马克思主义、如何正确评价革命队伍内部犯了错误的同志、如何完善党的民主集中制、如何面对社会主义建设道路上的困难等,都可以获得有益的启示。     

苏南城乡一体化发展：现状、制约与对策

苏南近几年来在全面推进城乡经济社会一体化发展方面取得了较为显著的成效。但实践中也凸显出资金“瓶颈”,周转用地指标难落实,区域农业发展重新定位,农村产权确认、流转及保护等一系列亟须化解的矛盾和制约因素。推进城乡一体化发展,除了要加强对基层发展的宏观指导外,还需对农村产权制度、用地指标等方面进行研究和改革。     

Principals' perceptions of benefits and barriers to school-based suicide prevention programs

Suicidal behavior among children and adolescents is a national problem and schools can be an effective context for suicide prevention and intervention efforts. School-wide screening programs are viewed as most effective from a public health standpoint, although they garner the least support from school administrators. The purpose of this article is to examine administrators' perceptions of three school-based suicide prevention models while also capturing opinions on barriers and benefits to implementation. Data were gathered through interviews with seven principals from one Midwestern state. Findings reveal agreement among principals that schools play a key role in suicide prevention, but they differ on which type of prevention approach is most appropriate. School principals believed the school-wide screening program included more barriers to implementation than either the in-service or the curriculum-based program, largely due to the likelihood of parental disapproval. Limitations of the study and implications for improving suicide prevention efforts are discussed.     

Commentary: the forgotten older adult with serious mental illness: the final challenge in achieving the promise of Olmstead?

Older adults with serious mental illness disproportionately reside in nursing homes despite the U.S. Supreme Court Olmstead decision supporting the rights of persons with disabilities to benefit from integrated services in the community. This commentary addresses the neglected policy debate on implementing Olmstead for this rapidly growing, older population with special needs. First, the author describes research findings on older adults with serious mental illness living in nursing homes who might more appropriately reside and receive services in the community. Second, the author summarizes the evidence base for effective psychosocial rehabilitation interventions and services facilitating independent living in community settings for this subgroup. Finally, he concludes with seven policy recommendations aimed at advancing the promise of the Olmstead decision with respect to older adults with serious mental illness.