What is a global field? Theorizing fields beyond the nation-state

While scholarship on global and transnational fields has been emerging, hitherto contributions have rarely or not explicitly discussed how Bourdieu's field theory has to be altered when its use expands from a national to a global scale. Starting from the premise that a global field is not a national field writ large, this paper discusses strategies and elements for revising field theory for use beyond national borders. Specifically, the article first proposes analogical theorizing as a systematic approach for extending and modifying the tools of field theory at a global level. Analogical theorizing offers a method for constructing the object in a global context in a way that goes beyond rescaling and minimizes the risk of deductive reification. Against this background and drawing from research on the global visual art field, the article offers criteria for delineating a global field and distinguishes relative functional and vertical autonomy. Finally, it discusses how the concept of ‘relative vertical autonomy’ contributes in three ways to the development of global field analysis: for theorizing emergence; examining global-national interdependencies; and denationalizing Bourdieu's concept of ‘national capital’.     

REMARRIAGE AND ITS ALTERNATIVES FOLLOWING DIVORCE: MOTHER AND CHILD ADJUSTMENT

The current literature on the effects of new parental relationships following separation on the child's well-being has overemphasized remarriage, per se, and has failed to analyze other types of relationships. The present study examines how mother and child adjustment varies among four categories of "blending": (a) remarriage, (b) living together but not remarried, (c) seriously involved but not living together, and (d) not seriously involved.     

Genetic Contributions to Adolescents' Extrafamilial Social Interactions: Teachers, Best Friends, and Peers

The purpose of the present study was to investigate genetic and environmental contributions to individual differences in adolescents' social interactions outside the family. We investigated sibling resemblance for adolescents' reports of interactions with best friends and teachers, and parents' perceptions of adolescents' peer groups in 701 same-sex adolescent sibling pairs aged 10-18, using a twin, full sibling, and step sibling design. Our goals were to assess the magnitude of sibling resemblance, and to disentangle resemblance due to shared genetic heritage from that due to shared environmental experiences. Substantial genetic influence was found for parents' perceptions of adolescents' peer groups. Adolescents' reports of positive interactions with teachers and best friends also showed significant genetic influence. In contrast, individual differences in adolescents' reports of negative interactions with teachers and best friends showed no significant genetic influence. In addition, most environmental influences for social interactions with teachers, best friends, and peers were largely of the nonshared variety, suggesting that growing up in the same family does not make adolescents similar in their extrafamilial social interactions.     

STRIKE DURATIONS IN THE UNITED STATES:

This study examines the durations of strikes in selected occupations of the public and private sectors of the U. S. economy in the late post-World War II period. It asks whether differences in the legitimacy of unions and the legality of strikes alter the speed with which strikes end. Also, it argues that a curvilinear relationship between the institutionalization of strikes and unions and the termination rates of strikes exists. Data support hypotheses linking both the distribution of power resources and the institutional setting to the termination rates of different types of strikes (e.g., strikes under different contract statuses and over different issues). In general, where strikes are moderately institutionalized and precedents are being set, strikes end more slowly; at very high or very low levels of institutionalization, strikes end more rapidly.     

The Systematic Literature Review: Advantages and Applications in Nonprofit Scholarship

VOLUNTAS: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations - Voluntary and nonprofit sector studies are relatively young and still seeking common intellectual ground. One vehicle for...     

Employment Insecurity and the Frayed American Dream

This paper reviews literature on employment insecurity and situates objective and subjective employment insecurity in the context of the contemporary economy. I draw on the argument about shifting social contracts to explain both real and perceived pervasive employment insecurity and the frayed American Dream. Employment insecurity derives from the macro‐economic changes that produced the social structure of accumulation identified as flexible accumulation that requires employment insecurity as both a form of labor discipline and profit‐enhancing strategy. This paper argues that contemporary employment insecurity is both objective and subjective and affects how individuals understand their world and their selves. To this latter point, I look at research on generational differences in the experience of employment insecurity.