Trapped bodies,moving minds: Uncertainty and migration among marginalised urban youth in Ethiopia

This paper from YOUR World Research highlights and explores the role of positive uncertainty in lives, strategies and transitions towards adulthood of marginalised children and youth in two urban locations in Ethiopia. Young men and women embraced notions of positive uncertainty, making journeys to street situations and internationally in search of more hopeful futures. While youth navigate uncertainty positively in the short term, the research suggests this is temporal and their agency relational and embedded. They seek support from peers but still want to belong and be accepted by their families and communities.     

The Triumvirate: Effective Communication Across Publisher,Library, and Discovery Channels

Abstract

In examining data transfer challenges from both librarian and publisher perspectives, this article based on a NC Serials Conference presentation calls for proactive industry communication across publisher, library, and discovery service channels. The authors discuss the importance of collaborative communication across the industry.     

Online Education in Social Work,Effectiveness, Benefits,and Challenges: A Scoping Review

ABSTRACT

Online education has long been a controversial issue within the Australian social work community. Although technological advances have improved the quality of teaching substantially, scepticism and disbelief continue to exist. Despite the growing evidence base as to the effectiveness of online teaching, this tends to be overlooked. A scoping review of the literature was conducted to synthesise research conducted on online social work education to identify its effectiveness, potential, and challenges and to show whether online social work education will effectively prepare qualified social workers. This revealed that online education enhanced diversity and equity among social work students and students’ performances and satisfaction were similar for both online and on-campus students. Nevertheless, communication and engagement continue to be a challenge.

IMPLICATIONS

• Decisions on online education should be based on evidence of effectiveness rather than on the assumption that face-to-face teaching is superior.

• Further research is needed to explore effectiveness of online education for different groups of students.

• Employers’ experiences with social work graduates from online courses need further research.

• Academics require support to tailor courses interactively and suitably for online education.

     

Management of Electronic Serials in Academic Libraries: The Results of an Online Survey

This article presents the results of an online survey of academic librarians conducted in 2011 on the topic of electronic serials management. Since online journals had by 2011 become a major part of academic library serials collections, a central objective of this survey was to explore whether this had led to any degree of standardization in online serials management procedures across academic libraries. The focus of the survey was generally on issues affecting technical services, specifically exploring the impact of electronic serials on collection development, library staffing, and serials management tools. The responses to the survey did not reflect any significant level of uniformity among these libraries in any of these areas, suggesting that libraries primarily take into account the needs of their own institutions when formulating procedures for managing online serials.     

Segmental modeling of changing immunologic response for CD4 data with skewness,missingness and dropout

In clinical practice, the profile of each subject's CD4 response from a longitudinal study may follow a ‘broken stick’ like trajectory, indicating multiple phases of increase and/or decline in response. Such multiple phases (changepoints) may be important indicators to help quantify treatment effect and improve management of patient care. Although it is a common practice to analyze complex AIDS longitudinal data using nonlinear mixed-effects (NLME) or nonparametric mixed-effects (NPME) models in the literature, NLME or NPME models become a challenge to estimate changepoint due to complicated structures of model formulations. In this paper, we propose a changepoint mixed-effects model with random subject-specific parameters, including the changepoint for the analysis of longitudinal CD4 cell counts for HIV infected subjects following highly active antiretroviral treatment. The longitudinal CD4 data in this study may exhibit departures from symmetry, may encounter missing observations due to various reasons, which are likely to be non-ignorable in the sense that missingness may be related to the missing values, and may be censored at the time of the subject going off study-treatment, which is a potentially informative dropout mechanism. Inferential procedures can be complicated dramatically when longitudinal CD4 data with asymmetry (skewness), incompleteness and informative dropout are observed in conjunction with an unknown changepoint. Our objective is to address the simultaneous impact of skewness, missingness and informative censoring by jointly modeling the CD4 response and dropout time processes under a Bayesian framework. The method is illustrated using a real AIDS data set to compare potential models with various scenarios, and some interested results are presented.     

Jointly modeling time-to-event and longitudinal data: a Bayesian approach

This article explores Bayesian joint models of event times and longitudinal measures with an attempt to overcome departures from normality of the longitudinal response, measurement errors, and shortages of confidence in specifying a parametric time-to-event model. We allow the longitudinal response to have a skew distribution in the presence of measurement errors, and assume the time-to-event variable to have a nonparametric prior distribution. Posterior distributions of the parameters are attained simultaneously for inference based on Bayesian approach. An example from a recent AIDS clinical trial illustrates the methodology by jointly modeling the viral dynamics and the time to decrease in CD4/CD8 ratio in the presence of CD4 counts with measurement errors to compare potential models with various scenarios and different distribution specifications. The analysis outcome indicates that the time-varying CD4 covariate is closely related to the first-phase viral decay rate, but the time to CD4/CD8 decrease is not highly associated with either the two viral decay rates or the CD4 changing rate over time. These findings may provide some quantitative guidance to better understand the relationship of the virological and immunological responses to antiretroviral treatments.