社会资本语境中的和谐社会及其实现

社会主义和谐社会的特定内涵是特指我国社会内部的各种社会关系，既包括各种利益群体之间的关系，也包括各个社会成员之间的关系。社会资本概念的提出为实现和谐社会增加了社会学意义的解析与实现途径，通过建立科学、完备的规范体系，建构多维度的社会成员联系网络，实现全体社会成员的普遍信任，减少摩擦与冲突，是实现和谐社会的重要途径。     

The Impact of Ovarian Cancer on Life Expectancy in Japan

The purpose of this study was to determine how life expectancy is modified by ovarian cancer from 1950-2000. The contributions of ovarian cancer to life expectancy were estimated. The age characteristics of ovarian cancer were detected using the Gompertz relational mortality model. The patterns between years of potential life lost (YPLL) and mortality were obtained by fitting a linear regression equation to the natural logarithm of their ratios. YPLLs are substantially higher in Ireland than in Japan. However, the rates of change were much higher in Japan than in Ireland. YPLLs changed from 0.02 year in 1950 to 0.12 year in 2000. In Japan, there was a sixfold increase in the proportion of YPLLs for death from ovarian cancer relative to those for death from gynaecological cancers during the last half century. The impact of ovarian cancer on life expectancy clearly increased and the age-specific mortality tend to ageing.     

Multiple Criteria Hierarchy Process with ELECTRE and PROMETHEE

Robust Ordinal Regression (ROR) supports Multiple Criteria Decision Process by considering all sets of parameters of an assumed preference model, that are compatible with preference information elicited by a Decision Maker (DM). As a result of ROR, one gets necessary and possible preference relations in the set of alternatives, which hold for all compatible sets of parameters, or for at least one compatible set of parameters, respectively. In this paper, we propose an extension of ELECTRE and PROMETHEE methods to the case of the hierarchy of criteria, which was never considered before. Then, we adapt ROR to the hierarchical versions of ELECTRE and PROMETHEE methods.     

A Holistic Framework for Trust in Online Transactions

This paper systematically reviews previous studies of trust from social, economic and technological perspectives and develops a holistic framework for trust, which can be used to analyse the establishment and maintenance of trust in online transactions, and identify the mechanisms that can be used to increase trust. Trust plays a crucial role in the formation of dependent relationships represented by online transactions, and a holistic treatment of trust is necessary because of the gap that exists between the developments in information systems and our understanding of their social and economic implications, and the impact on the perceived trust of the transacting parties. This review enables us to depict an online transaction through its attributes and context, and systematically map these to identified trust antecedents. The key components and processes of the framework are outlined, and three strands of empirical work are discussed to develop it further. The framework highlights the critical role of institutions in the establishment and maintenance of trust in online transactions, which informs the development of e‐commerce and e‐business platforms and the underpinning information systems, and facilitates the establishment of mechanisms to induce additional institutions to increase trust in online transactions.     

Best exact nonparametric confidence intervals for quantiles

Well-known nonparametric confidence intervals for quantiles are of the form (X _{i : n} , X _{j : n} ) with suitably chosen order statistics X _{i : n} and X _{j : n} , but typically their coverage levels differ from those prescribed. It appears that the coverage level of the confidence interval of the form (X _{i : n} , X _{j : n} ) with random indices I and J can be rendered equal, exactly to any predetermined level γ?∈?(0, 1). Best in the sense of minimum E(J???I), i.e., ‘the shortest’, two-sided confidence intervals are constructed. If no two-sided confidence interval exists for a given γ, the most accurate one-sided confidence intervals are constructed.     

On the asymptotic independence of numbers of observations near order statistics

In this paper, we consider the numbers of observations in two-sided neighbourhoods of the kth and (n?r)th order statistics from a sample of size n and show that they are asymptotically independent as n→∞. We also establish a result that generalizes all the existing results regarding the asymptotic independence of numbers of observations in the left and right neighbourhoods of order statistics. Finally, we consider the limiting joint behaviour of numbers of observations in the neighbourhoods of s central order statistics and establish that they are asymptotically independent.     

On Moments of k-Records from Discrete Distributions

In this article, we establish recurrence relations satisfied by first and second moments of k-records arising from discrete distributions. Then we use these relations to obtain means, variances, and correlation coefficients of geometric k-records. We consider all the three known types of k-records: strong, ordinary, and weak.     

On the E-optimality of complete block designs under a mixed interference model

In experiments in which the response to a treatment can be affected by other treatments, the interference model with neighbor effects is usually used. It is known that circular neighbor balanced designs (CNBDs) are universally optimal under such a model if the neighbor effects are fixed (Druilhet, 1999) or random (4 and 7). However, such designs cannot exist for every combination of design parameters. In the class of block designs with the same number of treatments as experimental units per block, a CNBD cannot exist if the number of blocks, b  , is equal to p(t−1)±1$p(t-1)\pm 1$, where p is a positive integer and t is the number of treatments. Filipiak et al. (2008) gave the structure of the left-neighboring matrix of E-optimal complete block designs with p  =1 under the model with fixed neighbor effects. The purpose of this paper is to generalize E-optimality results for designs with p∈N$p\in \mathbb{N}$ assuming random neighbor effects.