A tentative discussion on the content and methods of sociological study of population problems]

A general discussion on sociological aspects of the study of population in China is presented. Consideration is given to the topics covered, including nuptiality, the one-child policy, fertility, population quality, and birth and death rates. The author also discusses the methodology used, including field and sample surveys and factor analysis.     

江苏省镇江市患者就医参与行为及影响因素分析

以江苏省镇江市为例,采用自行设计问卷对912名患者进行调查,采用描述性分析和Logistic回归分析对就医参与现状及其影响因素进行分析?患者参与诊疗服务的总体体验较好?“患者告知病情”的程度最高[(4.14 ± 0.68)分],“患者参与治疗方案制定”的程度最低[(3.68 ± 0.69)分]?单因素分析和无序多分类Logistic回归分析等结果可知患者就医参与程度在患者类型?患者年龄?疾病类型等方面存在差异?对于不同参与能力和参与意愿的患者,医务人员应识别其价值观及偏好,赋予不同的参与形式,同时转变观点,建立医患沟通新模式?     

基于患者体验的医院绩效评价研究进展

文章在解释患者报告健康状况和患者体验内涵的基础上,介绍了国内外基于患者体验的医院绩效评价研究并比较国内外相对成熟的基于患者体验的医疗服务质量评价量表?借鉴国外医院绩效评估经验,提出下一阶段我国公立医院绩效评价的重要内容,为建立系统?科学的公立医院绩效评价体系提供借鉴?     

工资总额限定下的医生年薪制成效与问题剖析——以福建省三明市为例

福建省三明市的工资总额政策和医生年薪制已实行了三年,文章总结了其实施以来的主要成效,包括医务人员劳动成果得到尊重?医院收入结构更趋规范和自上而下的考核评价体系基本建立,发现其执行过程中已经浮现的主要问题和可能存在的隐患,包括医院职工收入稳定性不能保证?诱导服务的隐患初现端倪和薪酬设计的缺陷,并提出相关建议,以期为完善我国的薪酬制度和深化公立医院改革提供参考意见?     

An impact evaluation of two versions of a brief intervention targeting alcohol use and physical activity among adolescents

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the immediate impact of two new versions of the Project SPORT program, a brief one-on-one tailored consult addressing alcohol use and physical activity for adolescents. One new version was a brief interactive CD-ROM (Study one) and a second was a brief small group consultation (Study two). In study one, high school students were exposed to either an interactive CD-ROM consultation or a non-interactive computer program. In study two, students either participated in a small group consultation or health booklet control. These studies suggest both interventions were highly acceptable to participants, however, the new CD-ROM version of Project SPORT had a greater positive effective on females than males. Suggestions to make the CD-ROM more acceptable and effective for males are presented. The small group version of Project SPORT was largely acceptable and potentially efficacious for both male and female adolescents, with the largest impact seen on participants' images, beliefs, and commitment related to physical activity.     

Alcohol-related fan behavior on college football game day

High-risk drinking on game day represents a unique public health challenge. OBJECTIVE: The authors examined the drinking behavior of college football fans and assessed the support for related interventions. PARTICIPANTS: The authors randomly selected 762 football fans, including college students, alumni, and other college football fans, to complete an anonymous online game-day survey. METHODS: The authors collected data on participants' drinking behaviors and support for specific game-day interventions. RESULTS: Analysis revealed that, overall, fans drank significantly more on game day than they did the last time they partied or socialized. Nondrinkers were the most supportive of game-day interventions, followed by moderate drinkers, whereas heavy drinkers offered the least support. CONCLUSIONS: With the exception of limiting tailgating hours on game day, fans support game-day interventions, including alcohol-free alternatives, designating tailgating areas where open containers are permitted, and increasing law enforcement efforts.     

大数据时代的整合调查设计——以校园满意度调查为例

为应对大数据时代下,面向学生群体的大规模抽样调查所面临的研究成本高与研究效率低的挑战,本文利用整合调查设计方法探索解决方案,并以中国人民大学校园满意度调查为例展开应用讨论。该方法通过模拟退火算法对调查成本函数进行优化,得出问卷拆分的最优组合及每份子问卷对应的样本量。实证结果表明:整合调查设计有效降低了每份子问卷包含的题目数量,减轻了受访者的受访负担;同时,由于对不同题目上样本量的分布进行了优化,在保障估计精度的条件下降低了调查的总成本。整合调查设计方法为抽样调查提供了一种全新的改进思路以适应时代发展的需要,同时该方法的应用并不局限于某个领域的调查,对于其他问卷较长、样本量较高的调查同样适用。     

国学之内涵、价值及当代意义

国学包括了中华全部学术文化.此文立足于大国学的视点,对国学名称的由来,国学所包涵的学术文化范畴和研究方法,20世纪国学大师所表现出来的爱国主义精神作了总结性的梳理和回眸,并从时代、国家、民族的高度论述了当下"国学热"对于民族本土文化复兴的意义.     

来华留学生与中国国家形象的自我构建

三十年来,中国经济的发展取得了举世瞩目的成绩.然而,中国在世界上的国家形象是滞后于现实发展的,中国进入了一个需要自我构建国家形象的时代.在国际传播话语权仍为西方主流国家所掌控的局面下,中国仍是一个国际传播力弱的国家.拓宽传播渠道,研究切合中国实际的传播策略是目前所必需的.本文结合实证研究分析了以来华留学生为自我构建国家形象传播渠道的可行性,并提出了相应的对策及建议.     

Maternal involvement and adolescents' psychological and academic adjustment after COVID-19 return-to-school: A one-year longitudinal study

The current study examined the idea that maternal involvement during the COVID-19 school closure period could contribute to the development of adolescents' daily routines, which could ultimately associate with their psychological and academic adjustment after return-to-school. Data were collected from 520 Chinese adolescents (M_age = 12.75 years, SD_age = 1.48 years) and their mothers during the COVID-19 school closure and one year after return-to-school. Results indicated that maternal involvement in both education and leisure activities predicted more consistent adolescents' daily routines during the school closure period and then contributed to their more consistent daily routines after return-to-school, resulting in less psychological maladjustment and better academic outcomes. Findings highlight the importance of maternal involvement and daily routines in the context of COVID-19.