The Multisystemic and Multilevel Investigation of the Expanded Therapeutic Alliance‐Psychological Functioning Relationship in Individual Therapy

The expanded therapeutic alliance, consisting of multiple interpersonal alliance relationships, is a common factor inherent to the practice of all systemic therapies. The following study has three specific aims: (a) Bring an expanded, multisystemic emphasis to the study of the therapeutic alliance in individual therapy; (b) Understand better the session‐by‐session relationship between alliance and psychological functioning, including distinguishing within‐person from between‐person variability by using multilevel modeling techniques; and (c) Explore the role of early attachment relationships and family‐of‐origin experiences in moderating the alliance‐psychological functioning relationship. Instead of taking only one or two alliance measurements throughout treatment like in the majority of previous research, we measured both alliance and psychological functioning continuously at each session for 296 subjects.     

企业失败的原因是领导者不合适

1997～2007年，过去的这十年时间对于许多企业领导来说都是一段异常艰难的时光。家得宝、西门子、波音、壳牌、宝洁、施乐、肯马特、可口可乐、AT＆T、花旗、美林等等，这一长串光辉的名字都在过去的十年里，由于领导者的失误而遭受了前所未有的危机：     

Bauman's Strangers: impairment and the invalidation of disabled people in modern and post-modern cultures

Modernity is at the heart of the transformation of impairment into disability. This paper seeks to map out the processes that underpin this claim. Its focus is on the cultures of modernity and post-modernity, and how these complex legacies have constituted and invalidated mental and physical difference. The work of Zygmunt Bauman, particularly his use of the sociology of the (modern) stranger and his redemptive critique of modern and post-modern cultures provides a framework for the discussion. Bauman's work has no explicit connection to Disability Studies, but his sensitivity to modern patterns of exclusion and 'othering' provide not only a useful template to think through the relationship between modernity and disability, but also a useful corrective to the tendency in UK disability studies to ignore the 'cultural turn'.     

微妙地使用权力

要想实现一个人的目标，至关重要的一点就是要学会有效地利用自己手中的权力。在完成了与苏联的裁减核武器条约谈判，并主持过Bechtel公司的工作之后，乔治·舒尔茨开始真正彻底地理解了权力的内涵。他的建议是：“不要害怕权力，但一定要学会对它负责。”     

An evaluation of the use of diaries in a study of medication in later life

This paper is based upon our experience of commissioning diaries to be kept by research subjects. First the paper reviews some previous research based on diaries, then it outlines the aims of our research and the method of data collection. Then the paper goes on to evaluate the design and use of a diary that participants in our research completed. In particular we consider the ways in which the diary may have biased our sample, caused the participants difficulties and generated poor data. There is also a discussion on how it may have affected behaviour and on the ethical issues that are raised by commissioned diaries. In conclusion, observations are made about the strengths and weaknesses of diaries as an investigative tool with a wider applicability. The diary proved particularly revealing and we recommend that other researchers consider diaries as a method of investigating everyday life.     

An Analysis of Nonlinearities,Heteroscedasticity, and Functional Form in the Market Model

Using a generalized specification of the single-index market model, this study examines the sources of statistical anomalies previously found in estimating the market model. Two generalized models are developed for juxtaposition with the traditional linear specification. The most general model is a Box–Cox model with different λ's and heteroscedastic errors. The empirical results indicate that previous findings of significant “nonlinearities” are primarily attributable to nonnormalities and unequal variance.