用于低渗透油田的腐殖酸高温堵剂研究

主要研究了一种耐高温体系，该体系由腐殖酸钠、甲醛，增强剂和0.02％的HPAM溶液四部分组成，考察了腐殖酸钠质量分数、甲醛质量分数、pH值、矿化度的变化对堵剂性能的影响，通过正交实验得出堵剂的最优配方并对该配方进行了评价。结果表明，该堵剂基液初始粘度为10mPa·s，易于输送和泵入，成胶时间18h，成胶后的强度为0.087MPa，最佳适用的pH值范围为7～9，具有良好的耐温抗盐能力、长期稳定性、封堵性能及廉价等优点，在高温低渗透油田具有广阔的应用前景。     

Policy planning and central-local relations

This paper is based on research carried out at the Institute of Local Government Studies at the University of Birmingham. Policy Planning Systems are ways of dealing with the division of functions between central and local government and they provide a structure for the flow of information by means of specified procedures and processes. As this tends to create an increased flow of work, this area of planning is threatened by central and local government cut-backs in expenditures and manpower, and may well only survive by a positive demostration of its usefulness.     

From Children's Departments to Family Departments

Drawing upon his own experience as a child care officer, the author draws attention to the local authority Children's Departments which were established 50 years ago in 1948. To mark the anniversary, interviews were held with 20 former children's officers. From these, it was possible to identify three major achievements of the Children's Departments, namely the restoration of natural parents to child care, the promotion of child care skills, and the formation of a highly committed staff force. The Children's Departments were abolished over a quarter of a century ago and amalgamated into the Social Services Departments (Social Work Departments in Scotland). Despite some notable advances, it is argued that, under these departments, preventative work with children, child care skills and staff morale have declined. As a way forward, the author proposes the formation of a local authority Family Department which would consist of family workers equipped with child care skills, a facility approach which offers open services, and backing for locally run neighbourhood groups. It is contended that this service would be acceptable to and particularly helpful to parents and children living in conditions of social deprivation.     

Is There an Ingroup Advantage in Recognizing Spontaneously Expressed Emotions?

Evidence for the ingroup advantage hypothesis in recognizing emotions comes from studies using specific types of posed expressions. A proposed source of this advantage has been culturally-specific ways of expressing emotions, known as cultural dialects (Elfenbein et al. Emotion 7(1):131–146, 2007). But to date, no study has used spontaneously produced expressions as stimuli in testing the hypothesis. We do so here. American and Japanese observers judged expressions produced by American and Japanese athletes immediately at the completion of a medal match from the 2004 Athens Olympic Games. The ingroup hypothesis was not supported, suggesting that it occurs when posers mime an expression, but not when they spontaneously produce it in real life.

Comparison of ergonomic risk assessment outputs from Rapid Upper Limb Assessment and the Strain Index for tasks in automotive assembly plants

This paper compares the ergonomic risk assessment of a task for the upper extremities as determined by Rapid Upper Extremity Assessment (RULA) and the Strain Index (SI). The ergonomic risk to the upper extremities of 244 automotive assembly plant tasks were evaluated using RULA and SI. The outcomes of each tool were compared for each task. Results from this study provide practical insight into the methods used in each tool. This study compared only the ergonomic risk outputs from each tool; it does not pursue the question of which tool best predicts injury. The kappa score was 0.11, indicating little agreement between the outputs of the two tools. This is supported by the lack of monotonicity with a gamma score of 0.1. These results indicate that the risk assessment outcome of these two ergonomic assessment tools for the upper extremities do not agree.     

From Adolescence to Young Adulthood: the partnership challenge for learning disability services in England

The transition from adolescence to young adulthood is acknowledged to be difficult for all young people, but the problems facing those with a learning disability will tend to be greater. This article identifies these additional difficulties, and considers the extent to which new policy requirements and expectations in England can address them. At the heart of this new approach is the need for partnership working between a complex range of agencies and professionals. What is at stake is not only a better system of support for some vulnerable young people, but also—in microcosm—the viability of partnership working as a policy tool for addressing complex issues.     

Beyond The Father Wound: Memory‐Work And The Deconstruction Of The Father–son Relationship

This article examines how profeminist men in a collaborative inquiry group used memory‐work to make sense of their experiences of discontent with their fathers. It challenges the current conceptualisation of this dissatisfaction with fathers as ‘the father wound’ and the emphasis on encouraging men to forgive their fathers unilaterally for what they have done. The article also challenges the view that boys need to identify with their fathers to establish their gender identity and suggests that sons can construct their masculine subjectivity through dis‐identification with patriarchal fathers and through empathy with the experiences of their mothers.