To pay or to apologize? On the psychology of dealing with unfair offers in a dictator game

Prior research has largely failed to focus on how transgressors can promote trust when having made unfair offers in bargaining. I investigated in the context of receiving an unfair offer in a dictator game when financial compensations and when apologies are most effective in motivating trust behavior by the violated party. I hypothesized that when losses were allocated, the violated party would be motivated to show more trust behavior towards the transgressor when a financial compensation (resulting again in equal final outcomes) relative to an apology was delivered, whereas when gains were allocated, apologies would be more effective in promoting trust behavior than a financial compensation. Results from a laboratory study indeed supported this prediction as such demonstrating the importance of how allocation decisions are framed (i.e., loss or gain) in testing the effectiveness of trust repair strategies (financial compensations vs. apologies).     

论罪刑法定原则的价值取向

本文就我国法院普遍存在的对自然人的执行难问题,通过对执行难原因的分析,从立法与司法的角度提出了解决这一问题的构想,即在执行措施中增设对自然人的限制消费制度和民事管制制度,以期对法院解决对自然人的执行难问题有所裨益。     

Linux操作系统实时性的分析与改进策略

Linux已经成为一个流行的嵌入式操作系统,但在实时应用中有些不足。本文在详细分析Linux实时性的基础上,从双内核结构、定时器的细粒度化、可抢占式内核和实时调度策略等四个方面做了改进,以增强系统的实时性。     

The role of urban indicators in city management: a proposal for Croatian cities

Cities are dynamic economic and social structures that play a dominant role in both national and international economies. They are centers of population, production, consumption, and development. Cities utilize all advantages of economy of scale, proximity, and concentration. On the other hand, they produce high environmental pressures and diminish thereby the quality of life for urban residents. Indicators (environmental, economic, and governance and management) are seen as a tool that would help policy-makers in formulating urban policy that would lead cities towards sustainability and provide assistance for monitoring their development and municipal performance. The aim of this paper is to consider the role that urban indicators can play in city management. We present basic features of urban indicators that will determine their usefulness in urban management. This paper provides the framework to include environmental and economic indicators, as well as governance and management indicators, in successful urban management.     

Just-in-time purchasing: an empirical study of operational practices, supplier development and performance

This paper examines the role of supplier development in establishing and managing efficient buyer–supplier operational links. The paper develops and assesses a measurement instrument for “operational” and “supplier development” just-in-time purchasing practices, followed by an examination of the relationships between the two sets, and an investigation into whether the use of “operational” and “supplier development” practices has a bearing on higher plant performance. A plant-level survey was carried out on a sample of electronics and machinery plants. The study empirically:

• documents the close connection between the buyer–supplier operational link and the buyer’s practices for supplier development;

• demonstrates that recourse to supplier development programs and their nature depend on the kind of vendor–vendee operational connection;

• test whether different plant performance outcomes result from the implementing of different “operational” and “supplier development” practices. It demonstrates that better-performing plants exhibit more advanced design and logistic links with sources, more formalised vendor-rating and ranking procedures, greater use of organisational devices for supplier-organisational integration and place greater importance on supplier assistance and training.

新民主主义社会与“过渡时期”

新民主主义社会与“过渡时期”虽然都是属于过渡性质的社会 ,它们的发展前途都是社会主义 ,但是它们之间还是有根本区别的。如果混淆两者间的区别 ,把新民主主义社会等同于“过渡时期” ,势必导致在“什么是社会主义”问题的认识上产生误导 ,即 :社会主义的建立和发展就是社会主义所有制的建立和发展。从而也就在如何建设社会主义的问题上 ,产生了一系列忽视客观规律的左倾错误。历史的经验教训同样是宝贵的财富。中国共产党经过艰辛探索 ,以十一届三中全会为标志 ,我国进入社会主义发展的新时期 ,社会主义在中国展现出蓬勃的生机和活力     

书法精神构成中的人格象征意识--兼论书法的情感表现

书法艺术形式的高度抽象性决定了它精神情感的象征性表现方式。在中国古代书法审美论中 ,有两大基本体系 ,一是自然物象说 ,一是人格象征论。本文试图从形而下书法的点画技法到形而上书法的风格品位及书品与人品的内在联系上 ,探讨人格象征意识在书法艺术精神构成中的意义 ,同时对人格化书法的情感内容略作分析     

郭小川50年代诗歌探索的知识分子意义

一直被认为是“战士诗人”的郭小川,在50年代中后期的诗歌探索中却以“独特而新颖”的创见,表明了一个知识分子诗人个性的坚持和主体意识的觉醒,揭示了一代知识分子在投身革命过程中的复杂情感和思想矛盾,显示了个人与时代冲突独特的知识分子意义。     

Innovation and Its Governance Process in Italy

Almost everybody, almost everywhere, speaks and writes about innovation: highly qualified and esteemed people covering key offices. Basically, the matter is debated within the framework of conferences, meetings, symposiums, articles put out in specialized, niche newspapers as well as in mass-circulation ones. Apparently it sounds positive, as innovation seems to have become the main theme, towards which the best efforts are worth being directed. The issue of China and India is now in the limelight. The way out is easy: just more innovation. And what about global competitiveness of Italy, or brain drain? What of GDP increasing less than the average in Europe? Tourism dropping off? Industrial delocalization increasing? What of such an inefficient public administration? The answer is one and only: There is a need for more innovation! That makes a lot of sense somehow; the negative aspect is that, most of the times, the core meaning and the fundamentals of innovation are not really deepened and understood; poor attention is paid to the reasons why the situation of Italy is unsatisfactory as regards innovation or to the main problems to be figured out for such a stalemate to be overcome. This short essay is going to focus on these issues, with a view to foster debate leading to prompt and realistic decisions.