3~4 K温区热阻法温度波动抑制实验研究

基于 ２００７—２０１７年的省级面板数据,运用多重中介效应模型考察农业保险对农民收入的直接 影响和要素配置的间接传导机制。主要结论：农业保险通过直接效应和间接效应两种渠道提高农民收 入,其相对贡献分别为 ６１．１９％和 ３８．８１％,农业保险对农民收入的整体影响为正,但作用力度较小。要 素配置的总体中介效应显著为正,其中,农业投资和技术进步是农业保险助力农民增收的关键传导机 制。农业保险对不同保障水平地区农民收入的影响具有异质性。     

Immigrants’ TANF Eligibility, 1996–2003: What Explains the New Across‐State Inequalities?1

Why did some states adopt stringent TANF‐eligibility policies toward immigrants, while others implemented more lenient rules throughout the post‐1996 welfare reform period? We use immigrant‐specific welfare rule measures to examine predominant theoretical frameworks for understanding state stringency in welfare policy. Analysis, utilizing a simultaneous equations modeling (SEM) strategy, uses annual data for all states. Results show consistent support for the median voter (primarily, the percent of liberal voters) theoretical explanation for less stringent state welfare eligibility rules regarding immigrants. While the size of the Social‐Security‐recipient population (tax capacity indicator) and perhaps unacceptable reproductive behavior (teen birth rate) relate to more stringent rules, key state economic and fiscal characteristics (i.e., per capita welfare expenditures, per capita personal income) explain less stringent TANF eligibility rules. Importantly, recent immigrant population concentration patterns (in new and traditional destination states) add to the theoretical explanation of less stringent state TANF immigrant eligibility policies.     

The effects of fitness training on the physiological stress response

The favourable psychological and physiological profile found in fit sportsmen does not necessarily follow from their exercise behaviour. Alternatively it may depend on endowment and/or self-selection. In that case, participation in regular exercise may not always result in a reduction of susceptibility to stress. The present article reviews several well-controlled laboratory studies that have directly examined the effect of fitness training programmes on the physiological responses to a set of standardized stressors. It was generally expected that fitness training would enhance psychological stress resistance and thus mitigate the physiological response to stress. The results of most studies belie these expectations. Intensive training programmes of up to 8 months do not change stress reactivity, even if initially low fit and high stress-reactive subjects are used. The failure to find a training effect on the intensity of the stress reactions in laboratory studies does not rule out possible psychosocial effects of regular exercise on the frequency and duration of the stress reactions in real-life situations. Furthermore, although the dynamics of the physiological response to stress are not changed, there is a clear downward shift in the overall level of heart rate and blood pressure in stressful situations. Several possible mechanisms are suggested by which these training effects may help us to deal with work stress without suffering health problems.     

两类文明关系的几点思考

物质文明与精神文明的划分 ,同人的本质是一致的。物质文明具有先行性与基础性。不能把两类文明的关系等同于物质和精神的关系 ,精神文明不完全是由物质文明决定的 ,文明的发展是不同步、不平衡的     

Simulation-based inference for simultaneous processes on regular lattices

The article proposes a simulation-based inferential method for simultaneous processes defined on a regular lattice. The focus is on spatio-temporal processes with a simultaneous component, that is such that contemporaneous spatial neighbors are potential explanatory variables in the model. The new method has the advantage of being simpler to implement than maximum likelihood and allows us to propose a robust estimator. We give asymptotic properties, present a Monte Carlo study and an illustrative example.     

论“爱军习武”道德规范

作为革命军人道德规范的“爱军习武” ,是在批判地继承中华民族优秀传统武德的基础上形成的。它初步形成于土地革命战争时期 ,在抗日战争中逐渐成熟 ,在解放战争时期不断丰富发展。新中国成立后直至今天 ,这一道德规范又具有了更为丰富的科学内涵。“爱军习武”是打赢高技术战争的客观需要 ,是革命军人提高自身素质的根本途径 ,也是革命军人内在价值向社会价值转化的要求     

Cherishing the Goose with the Golden Eggs: Trends in Migrant Remittances from Europe to Morocco 1970–20041

In contrast to earlier predictions, migrant remittances from Europe to Morocco have shown an increasing trend over the past decades. Remittances constitute a vital and relatively stable source of foreign capital. The so‐called “euro effect” and concomitant money laundering can only explain part of the recent, extreme surge in remittances. The structural solidity of remittances is explained by the unforeseen persistence of migration to northwestern Europe; new labor migration toward southern Europe; and the durability of transnational and transgenerational links between migrants and stay‐behinds. The stable economic‐political environment and new “enlightened” policies toward migrants explain why Morocco has been relatively successful in channeling remittances through official channels.     

Stress at work, social support and companionship: Towards an event-contingent recording approach

After outlining a taxonomy of perspectives on social support, the literature on the direct and buffer effects of social support with respect to occupational stress is reviewed. It is noted that negative direct and buffer effects of support are frequently observed. Methodological and theoretical explanations for these contradictory findings are presented. It is argued that a different methodological approach is needed to examine such explanations. Three studies-among police officers, secretaries, and correctional officers-are briefly described in which the Daily Interaction Record in Organizations (DIRO) was used. With this event-contingent recording method, social interactions and stressful events are assessed over a period of 5 days, allowing the detailed examination of the processes involved in supportive interactions, and of the effects of such processes.     

论校园环境文化的优化

文章在分析校园环境文化主要功能的基础上 ,从科学布局学校建筑、精心营造优美洁净的校园环境、建立主题性人文景观等方面 ,就如何优化校园环境文化的问题进行了探讨