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701.
Effects of Provocation on Maltreated and Nonmaltreated Preschoolers' Understanding of Moral Transgressions 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Judith G. Smetana Christopher Daddis Sheree L. Toth Dante Cicchetti Jacqueline Bruce & Peter Kane 《Social Development》1999,8(3):335-348
This study examined maltreated and nonmaltreated preschool children's judgments regarding hypothetical provoked and unprovoked moral transgressions. Maltreated children (17 physically abused and 19 neglected) and 19 matched nonmaltreated children rated the severity and deserved punishment and evaluated affective responses to six hypothetical moral transgressions which were depicted as both unprovoked and provoked by another child's actions. All children rated unprovoked transgressions as more serious and deserving of punishment and as eliciting more happiness and fear and less anger than transgressions that were depicted as provoked by another's actions. No gender or maltreatment status differences in ratings of transgression severity and deserved punishment were found; however, patterns of affective responses to hypothetical transgressions differed as a function of maltreatment subtype. Findings are discussed in terms of previous research on maltreatment and moral judgment development. 相似文献
702.
Bruce J. Avolio Rebecca J. Reichard Sean T. Hannah Fred O. Walumbwa Adrian Chan 《The Leadership Quarterly》2009,20(5):764-784
In this study we set out to conduct a comprehensive quantitative research analysis of literature reporting results on the causal impact of leadership by focusing on examining what we refer to as ‘leadership interventions.’ We defined leadership interventions as those studies where the researcher overtly manipulated leadership as the independent variable through training, assignment, scenario or other means. Our focus included both examining experimental and quasi-experimental as well as lab and field studies conducted in public and private organizations. Our goal was to address a simple question: do leadership interventions have the intended impact and if so to what degree? We conducted a comprehensive review of the published and unpublished literature and uncovered 200 lab and field studies that met our criterion as leadership intervention studies. We report here the findings of a series of meta-analyzed effects comparing the relative impact of leadership interventions across intervention types, leadership theories, and several common dependent variables. Overall, leadership interventions produced a 66% probability of achieving a positive outcome versus a 50–50 random effect for treatment participants, but this effect varied significantly when assessing moderators such as type of leadership theory. 相似文献
703.
Bruce E. Kaufman 《Journal of Labor Research》2001,22(3):433-457
V. Conclusion George Barnett has the unenviable reputation of making one of the most ill-timed, inaccurate forecasts in the history of industrial
relations. Only six months after predicting trade unionism would further decline in the U.S., union organizing swept over
the nation in mid-1933 and union density jumped nearly three-fold in the course of a decade. While Barnett's forecast was
wildly at odds with the course of unionism in the shortmedium run, viewed over the long run (i.e., the remainder of the twentieth
century) it appears more prescient. When he made his prediction, private sector union density stood at roughly 12 percent;
seventy years later it is at 9 percent. 相似文献
704.
705.
Dylan Simone John Eyles K. Bruce Newbold Peter Kitchen Allison Williams 《Social indicators research》2012,108(2):239-255
This study investigates the factors influencing perceptions of air quality in the industrial city of Hamilton, Canada. The research employs data collected via a telephone survey of 1,002 adult residents in three neighbourhoods. Perceptions in the neighbourhoods were examined by individual socio-demographic factors (age, gender, marital and immigrant status, education, etc.) in addition to perceived health status and neighbourhood problems (environmental, social and safety concerns). Neighbourhood variations were found, with those residing in the Southwest Mountain neighbourhood being over 6 times more likely to report a ??good?? perception of air quality than those residing in the Lower City neighbourhood. In addition, factors influencing these perceptions also varied by neighbourhood. Perceived neighbourhood problems strongly influenced perceptions of air quality in the Lower City and Central areas, whereas socio-demographic factors were significant primarily in the Lower City neighbourhood, suggesting the importance of these mediating dimensions; pointing to less of a concern about air quality. There was, however, remarkable consistency in all three neighbourhoods when respondents were asked whether their perception of air quality affected their choice to go outside. Overall, the presence or absence of perceived problems, such as pollution and safety, had a powerful effect on shaping and differentiating neighbourhood responses. 相似文献
706.
The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating effects of relations-oriented managerial behaviors on the relationship between two modes of expatriate adjustment—role innovation and personal change—and contextual performance. Using data from 194 expatriates and 505 of their subordinates, we found evidence of full mediation for the role innovation–performance relationship. For ratings of expatriate effectiveness, recognizing and team building behaviors appear to fully mediate the role innovation–performance relationship. For ratings of supervisor satisfaction, inspiring, supporting, and team building appear to fully mediate the role innovation–performance relationship. No significant results were found for the personal change–performance relationship. The results provide insights for extending current models of the expatriate adjustment process, and understanding the means by which expatriates fulfill their responsibilities. 相似文献
707.
708.
Genovese B 《Physician executive》2008,34(2):36-39
Examine how hospitals and specialty groups can design financially efficient alternatives to traditional practice models while maintaining high-quality tertiary services. 相似文献
709.
Bruce E. Hansen 《Econometrica : journal of the Econometric Society》2007,75(4):1175-1189
This paper considers the problem of selection of weights for averaging across least squares estimates obtained from a set of models. Existing model average methods are based on exponential Akaike information criterion (AIC) and Bayesian information criterion (BIC) weights. In distinction, this paper proposes selecting the weights by minimizing a Mallows criterion, the latter an estimate of the average squared error from the model average fit. We show that our new Mallows model average (MMA) estimator is asymptotically optimal in the sense of achieving the lowest possible squared error in a class of discrete model average estimators. In a simulation experiment we show that the MMA estimator compares favorably with those based on AIC and BIC weights. The proof of the main result is an application of the work of Li (1987). 相似文献
710.
Genovese B 《Physician executive》2006,32(2):42-46
Examine a plan for physician slowdown or relief of call and learn how it can extend the professional lives of experienced physicians at a time when practices are facing a physician shortage. 相似文献