全文获取类型
收费全文 | 13471篇 |
免费 | 282篇 |
专业分类
管理学 | 1831篇 |
民族学 | 83篇 |
人才学 | 1篇 |
人口学 | 1430篇 |
丛书文集 | 62篇 |
教育普及 | 1篇 |
理论方法论 | 1145篇 |
现状及发展 | 1篇 |
综合类 | 188篇 |
社会学 | 6393篇 |
统计学 | 2618篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 107篇 |
2022年 | 85篇 |
2021年 | 91篇 |
2020年 | 267篇 |
2019年 | 311篇 |
2018年 | 446篇 |
2017年 | 560篇 |
2016年 | 444篇 |
2015年 | 272篇 |
2014年 | 356篇 |
2013年 | 2324篇 |
2012年 | 572篇 |
2011年 | 400篇 |
2010年 | 332篇 |
2009年 | 315篇 |
2008年 | 345篇 |
2007年 | 319篇 |
2006年 | 289篇 |
2005年 | 292篇 |
2004年 | 270篇 |
2003年 | 248篇 |
2002年 | 267篇 |
2001年 | 303篇 |
2000年 | 299篇 |
1999年 | 274篇 |
1998年 | 186篇 |
1997年 | 179篇 |
1996年 | 171篇 |
1995年 | 170篇 |
1994年 | 140篇 |
1993年 | 152篇 |
1992年 | 174篇 |
1991年 | 152篇 |
1990年 | 162篇 |
1989年 | 189篇 |
1988年 | 158篇 |
1987年 | 139篇 |
1986年 | 152篇 |
1985年 | 170篇 |
1984年 | 167篇 |
1983年 | 156篇 |
1982年 | 122篇 |
1981年 | 105篇 |
1980年 | 103篇 |
1979年 | 137篇 |
1978年 | 90篇 |
1977年 | 89篇 |
1976年 | 87篇 |
1975年 | 81篇 |
1974年 | 81篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 9 毫秒
221.
Compliance Versus Risk in Assessing Occupational Exposures 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Rogelio Tornero-Velez Elaine Symanski Hans Kromhout Rong C. Yu Stephen M. Rappaport 《Risk analysis》1997,17(3):279-292
Assessments of occupational exposures to chemicals are generally based upon the practice of compliance testing in which the probability of compliance is related to the exceedance [γ, the likelihood that any measurement would exceed an occupational exposure limit (OEL)] and the number of measurements obtained. On the other hand, workers’ chronic health risks generally depend upon cumulative lifetime exposures which are not directly related to the probability of compliance. In this paper we define the probability of “overexposure” (θ) as the likelihood that individual risk (a function of cumulative exposure) exceeds the risk inherent in the OEL (a function of the OEL and duration of exposure). We regard θ as a relevant measure of individual risk for chemicals, such as carcinogens, which produce chronic effects after long-term exposures but not necessarily for acutely-toxic substances which can produce effects relatively quickly. We apply a random-effects model to data from 179 groups of workers, exposed to a variety of chemical agents, and obtain parameter estimates for the group mean exposure and the within- and between-worker components of variance. These estimates are then combined with OELs to generate estimates of γ and θ. We show that compliance testing can significantly underestimate the health risk when sample sizes are small. That is, there can be large probabilities of compliance with typical sample sizes, despite the fact that large proportions of the working population have individual risks greater than the risk inherent in the OEL. We demonstrate further that, because the relationship between θ and γ depends upon the within- and between-worker components of variance, it cannot be assumed a priori that exceedance is a conservative surrogate for overexposure. Thus, we conclude that assessment practices which focus upon either compliance or exceedance are problematic and recommend that employers evaluate exposures relative to the probabilities of overexposure. 相似文献
222.
The Blinders of Dominant Logic 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
C.K. Prahalad Author Vitae 《Long Range Planning》2004,37(2):171-179
This article argues that the dominant logic embedded in an organisation may keep it on the road ahead, but it also acts as a blinder to peripheral vision. It says that managers need to look at beyond the borders of their industries and geographies to find new opportunities and rethink the logic of the business. It refers to corporate examples where shifts in organisations’ dominant logic allowed traditional assumptions about value creation to be reassessed and resulted in successful forays into the periphery. 相似文献
223.
224.
Robert C. Liden Author Vitae 《Journal of Management》2004,30(2):285-304
Social loafing was investigated by testing a multilevel model among 23 intact work groups comprised of 168 employees representing two organizations. Results demonstrated that as hypothesized at the individual level, increases in task interdependence and decreases in task visibility and distributive justice were associated with greater occurrence of social loafing. At the group level, increased group size and decreased cohesiveness were related to increased levels of social loafing. Of particular interest was the finding that group member perceptions of perceived coworker loafing was associated with reduced social loafing, opposite of our predictions. We suggested that this unexpected finding may provide evidence of a social compensation effect. 相似文献
225.
226.
In an experiment, thirty-six professional insurance men employed the utility method, the worry method, and the comparison method in two insurance problems to determine the appropriate insurance coverage. It was found that the best act with the utility method almost always was no insurance, whereas the best act with the other two methods tended to be complete insurance. The utility method best act rarely agreed with the subject's actual preferred act, while the comparison method best act usually was the same or almost the same as the actual preferred act. While the worry method suggests that the subjects typically are risk averse, the utility functions obtained tend to show that the subjects typically are not risk averse. 相似文献
227.
228.
AbstractThis study adopts the resource-based view to examine how two integrative capabilities of a plant embedded in a manufacturing network enhance operational performance: the capability to connect with other plants in its manufacturing network (a networking capability, NC), and the capability to integrate manufacturing processes with new product development processes (a new product development capability, NPDC). Our model tests the indirect effect of NC on cost, quality, flexibility and delivery through NPDC. Furthermore, we test if the relationship between NC and NPDC depends on the strategic role of the plant. Using survey data from a sample of 521 plants, we confirmed the mediating effect of NPDC. However, the moderation effect was not confirmed. Our findings reveal that plants can deploy NPDC capabilities, fostered by NC, independently from their role in the network. This study contributes to the understanding of plant capabilities and plant roles in manufacturing networks. 相似文献
229.
The present empirical study applies the methodology of information theory to the problem of assessing and separating capital market risk, which is separated into its systematic and unsystematic components. Monthly return relatives for all securities traded on the New York Stock Exchange are examined for the period 1926 to 1971, which is segmented into six 7-year subperiods. The securities are combined into portfolios of various sizes and ranked. It is concluded that although both systematic and unsystematic risks have increased over the 45-year interval—particularly between the pre-1940 and post-1940 periods—they have maintained their relative share of the total risk over the same period. 相似文献
230.
With the growth of the Internet, Internet Service Providers (ISPs) try to meet the increasing traffic demand with new technology and improved utilization of existing resources. Routing of data packets can affect network utilization. Packets are sent along network paths from source to destination following a protocol. Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) is the most commonly used intra-domain Internet routing protocol (IRP). Traffic flow is routed along shortest paths, splitting flow at nodes with several outgoing links on a shortest path to the destination IP address. Link weights are assigned by the network operator. A path length is the sum of the weights of the links in the path. The OSPF weight setting (OSPFWS) problem seeks a set of weights that optimizes network performance. We study the problem of optimizing OSPF weights, given a set of projected demands, with the objective of minimizing network congestion. The weight assignment problem is NP-hard. We present a genetic algorithm (GA) to solve the OSPFWS problem. We compare our results with the best known and commonly used heuristics for OSPF weight setting, as well as with a lower bound of the optimal multi-commodity flow routing, which is a linear programming relaxation of the OSPFWS problem. Computational experiments are made on the AT&T Worldnet backbone with projected demands, and on twelve instances of synthetic networks. 相似文献