民国前期苏南水利的组织规划与实践

民国成立之初,先后以江南水利局、太湖水利工程局为主要组织,开始全面规划整治苏南地区的水利,涉及的空间范围其实就是太湖平原,新的水利规划与实地调查在江浙两省都得以全面展开.本文以当时的水利规划及其实地调查报告书为主,较为深入地揭示了彼时苏南水利的进程实态及其间的政府动力与民间社会关系,展现了国家计划与实际操作间的固有差距、学者与政府的分歧以及苏南城乡社会生活中的若干重要侧面.在国家与地方社会关系的诠解中,"士绅社会"虽然适合描写民国前期的苏南地区,但与以往不同的是,此时期像水利事业这类公共工程的施展,国家已完全具有主导性的能力,而跨政区的合作显得更为重要.     

多氢酸酸化技术及其应用

砂岩储层酸化的常规土酸体系存在与矿物反应速度快、酸化液的有效距离短和容易产生二次沉淀等问题。现存的缓速酸酸液体系不能克服粘土和石英界面反应速率的巨大反差，新的深度酸化工艺可以在一定程度上增加酸液的穿透距离，但工艺繁琐，且仍然不能解决沉淀、堵塞问题。多氢酸体系与现存的HF酸体系相比，其反应速度慢，溶解能力强，且具有良好的防垢性能和分散性能，可以抑制井眼附近的地层伤害，有效控制二次沉淀等优点。本研究对多氢酸的酸度特性、溶蚀性能、润湿性、静态腐蚀性以及多氢酸的分散和防垢性能进行了室内测试，并对土酸、氟硼酸及多氢酸进行了酸化效果实验评价。室内实验及现场应用表明，多氢酸性能优越，可明显提高酸化效果。     

Causal Ordering of Basic Psychological Needs and Well-Being

What is the relationship between well-being and satisfaction of basic psychological needs overtime? The basic psychological needs theory is a subtheory of the self-determination theory that elaborates the concept of psychological needs and its relations to psychological health and well-being. The goals of this research was to establish the causal ordering between basic psychological needs and three psychological well-being indicators (subjective well-being, self-esteem and satisfaction with life), in a longitudinal study. We used a cross-lagged two-wave design. A total of 272 university students completed the questionnaire at the beginning and at the end of the semester. Relatedness at time 1 (T₁) had a positive and significant effect on all well-being indicators at time 2 (T₂); competence (T₁) had a positive and significant effect on all indicators except for self-esteem (T₂); finally, autonomy (T₁) did not have a significant effect on any of the well-being indicators (T₂). In conclusion, we confirm the causal ordering of competence and relatedness on well-being, according to the basic psychological needs subtheory. Universities, in general, and teachers, in particular, should promote relations between students and support the need of competence.     

试论公安机关行政行为和刑事司法行为的界定

对我国公安机关的两种行为——行政行为与刑事司法行为进行了分析、比较。公安机关在实践中由于滥用刑事司法权 ,导致刑事司法行为和行政行为难以界定 ,这给人民法院的司法实践带来困难。针对这种状况 ,提出了界定我国公安机关的行政行为与刑事司法行为的标准 ,并对最高人民法院《关于执行〈行政诉讼法〉若干问题的解释》中对这一问题的规定作出评析     

A Corporate Culture Pattern to Manage Business Ethics

Within the general frame of proposals for an adequate management of business ethics, this paper is based on the vision of corporate culture as a pattern to achieve such purpose. If we consider ethics as a specific value of corporate culture, we may resort to the mechanism of cultural change and implementation in order to manage ethics. Despite the difficulties it entails in terms of time and money investment, this procedure is one of the safest ways to reach ethical values which are known, shared and then practiced by all the members of a corporation, whatever the category. From this central standpoint, and basing ourselves on our own proposal for the management of culture, we shall describe which specific steps must be taken in order to achieve a set of ethical values which are both realistic and furthermore shared by all collaborators of an organization. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Governing police practice: limits of the new accountability

The advent of public-sector managerialism has brought with it a new principle of police accountability in Western democracies such as Australia and Britain. The new accountability gives emphasis to managerial rather than legal or public-interest standards, favours external oversight combined with self-regulation rather than centralized control, and promotes risk management rather than rule enforcement. This article makes use of the experience of an Australian police force to show that the new accountability has not been successful in holding police accountable, while elements of the old accountability have re-emerged to dominate public debates. It is argued that in the area of police governance, the neo-liberal state does not necessarily pursue a coherent strategy of 'acting at a distance' (cf. Miller and Rose 1990), partly because of the inability of accountability technologies to deliver substantially the promised policy outcomes and partly because of the sensitivity of its political arm to the public's moral outrage against corruption (cf. Garland 1996).     

19世纪后半期美国西部的矿业开发活动及其若干启示

19世纪后半期 ,在美国西部山区兴起了大规模的矿业开发运动 ,此次经济开发热潮持续了近半个世纪。在这一过程中 ,既形成了以矿业生产为特征的经济地理区域 ,又由于矿业生产在资本主义生产方式上的深度拓进 ,呈现出矿业开发地区的经济性和社会性特征。矿业开发不仅对西部地区乃至对整个美国的社会和经济发展都起到了推动作用 ,而且在政治、文化等方面也产生了深远的影响。通过对其形成与拓展的社会历史成因、过程和影响的分析 ,可以从中归纳出对我国西部开发战略具有重要的借鉴意义。在深刻认识我国国情 ,尤其是我国西部经济、文化和民族各方面特点的基础上 ,本着去粗取精、趋利避害的原则 ,为我国的西部开发事业提供了历史的参照系 ,触发现实的新思路。     

对高校人事工作落实"三个代表"思想的思考

高校人事管理制度改革是一项复杂、艰巨的系统工程.在分析高校人事工作还存在着问题和困难的基础上,提出应把学习"三个代表"重要思想贯穿于高校人事管理工作实践之中,按照代表中国先进生产力的发展要求,强化人事工作中的人才培养;立足于代表中国先进文化的前进方向,搞好人事队伍建设工作;落实代表中国最广大人民的根本利益的要求,做好教职工的利益保障工作.     

试析“行不言之教”及其现代启示

“行不言之教”在老子的理论体系中 ,有其深刻的内涵。从“道”的运动特征及运动规律的分析中可以看出 ,“行不之言教”就是要因道而行 ,顺儿童的自然本性 ,促其发展 ,排除背离道的强作妄为的教育活动。它具体体现在教育的目的及一些教育教学的原则方法上 ,对于我们今天的教育有重要价值。     

论东汉末年传统才性观的危机

才性问题作为汉末探寻理想人物素质标准的公众话题,历史渊源久远。它在汉武帝时期因董仲舒人性论对政治人物的设想而深化,并因汉末士大夫、太学生反对外戚宦官专权的社会冲突体现了传统才性观的危机而诱生对传统才性观与现实矛盾的理论思考,使政治问题上升为思想界中的哲学问题。才性问题在作为政治问题的表象背后,蕴含了思想文化的深层意义。