Using Neural Networks to Model the Behavior and Decisions of Gamblers,in Particular,Cyber-Gamblers

This article describes the use of neural networks (a type of artificial intelligence) and an empirical data sample of, inter alia, the amounts of bets laid and the winnings/losses made in successive games by a number of cyber-gamblers to longitudinally model gamblers’ behavior and decisions as to such bet amounts and the temporal trajectory of winnings/losses. The data was collected by videoing Texas Holdem gamblers at a cyber-gambling website. Six “persistent” gamblers were identified, totaling 675 games. The neural networks on average were able to predict bet amounts and cumulative winnings/losses in successive games accurately to three decimal places of the dollar. A more important conclusion is that the influence of a gambler’s skills, strategies, and personality on his/her successive bet amounts and cumulative winnings/losses is almost totally reflected by the pattern(s) of his/her winnings/losses in the few initial games and his/her gambling account balance. This partially invalidates gamblers’ illusions and fallacies that they can outperform others or even bankers. For government policy-makers, gambling industry operators, economists, sociologists, psychiatrists, and psychologists, this article provides models for gamblers’ behavior and decisions. It also explores and exemplifies the usefulness of neural networks and artificial intelligence at large in the research on gambling.     

浅析非语言交际能力培养的重要性——以商务英语谈判课程为例

本文以商务英语谈判课程为例,探讨非语言交际能力在商务交际中的重要性。     

Bayes Hilbert Spaces

A Bayes linear space is a linear space of equivalence classes of proportional σ‐finite measures, including probability measures. Measures are identified with their density functions. Addition is given by Bayes' rule and substraction by Radon–Nikodym derivatives. The present contribution shows the subspace of square‐log‐integrable densities to be a Hilbert space, which can include probability and infinite measures, measures on the whole real line or discrete measures. It extends the ideas from the Hilbert space of densities on a finite support towards Hilbert spaces on general measure spaces. It is also a generalisation of the Euclidean structure of the simplex, the sample space of random compositions. In this framework, basic notions of mathematical statistics get a simple algebraic interpretation. A key tool is the centred‐log‐ratio transformation, a generalization of that used in compositional data analysis, which maps the Hilbert space of measures into a subspace of square‐integrable functions. As a consequence of this structure, distances between densities, orthonormal bases, and Fourier series representing measures become available. As an application, Fourier series of normal distributions and distances between them are derived, and an example related to grain size distributions is presented. The geometry of the sample space of random compositions, known as Aitchison geometry of the simplex, is obtained as a particular case of the Hilbert space when the measures have discrete and finite support.     

军医大学女研究生的婚恋观念

本文以问卷和座谈等方式,调查在道德价值取向和评价标准多元化阶段,军医大学女研究生从道德和行为认知方式上如何看待爱情、婚姻和家庭选择的变化.结果显示,军医大学女研究生爱情观中功利色彩较少、注重情感质量,追求真爱;绝大多数对"婚外恋情"给予否定.显示出了军校高层知识女性的社会责任感,符合社会主义精神文明建设的内容和发展趋势.但调查中也反映出她们主导价值观呈现多元化的发展趋势,及在这种趋势变化过程中的矛盾心态,同时受 "爱情至上"等观念的影响,还存在一定忽略道德和法律倾向.坚持以人为本,不懈努力加强对研究生正确婚恋观的思想道德教育和引导,帮助他们解决实际问题,是大学教育的重要责任.     

Social support and life satisfaction among gay men in Spain

Since the early 1960s, social support has been a topic of interest and study among social psychologists and other professionals investigating social issues. In spite of this growing interest by the scientific community, there are few studies on social support in the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) community, and even fewer on the impact of social support on life satisfaction. In this regard, in Spain, there are very few psychosocial studies on homosexual groups. In the present study, the authors analyze social support data and life satisfaction in a sample of 220 gay residents of Málaga and Sevilla. The results show that friends are the most important source of overall social support, and that, in the family, sisters provide the most support and contribute to increased life satisfaction. On the other hand, social support had an effect on the level of life satisfaction, although the results indicate that factors associated with homosexual identity are the best predictors of life satisfaction. The implications of these results are discussed as well as potential future research.     

A Comparative Analysis of the Fertility of the Urban and Rural in China Since 2000

The different in the fertility of the rural and urban and future changing trend are very important questions to understand China’s population problem. This paper calculates the fertility of the urban and the rural since 2000 based on the statistical data and compares the fertility rate in the urban and the rural population since 2000. The finding shows that the TFR in the rural is less than 1.8 while the TFR in the urban is less than 1.3 and the difference is narrowing year by year. The fertility difference is mainly caused by the second child, generally speaking the second child fertility tend to increasing slightly while the first child fertility shows dramatic fluctuations because of the Chinese folk culture, the fertility fluctuation in the rural is much dramatic than that in the urban. The mean age at childbearing (MAC) has been delaying in both the rural and the urban areas in the decade.     

新时期大学生思想政治现状及对策研究

随着改革开放不断深入和社会主义市场经济体制的逐步完善,高校思想政治工作面临新的形势和新的任务。论文通过问卷调查,详细分析了当代大学生思想政治素质现状,阐述了其主流向上、情况复杂、知行不一三个重要特征。针对所存在的问题提出了做好大学生思想政治工作的新理念,并阐述了如何进一步加强大学生思想政治教育的有效方式和途径.     

我国生产者延伸责任的偏差与矫治

废弃产品的处理关系着资源节约与环境保护,因此,生产者延伸责任已成为环境法解决环境与资源双重危机的一项重要制度安排。从循环经济发展对环境管理制度变迁的需求角度透视我国生产者延伸责任,发现:无论立法还是理论研究都存在偏差,都在时间维度上将责任定位到产品整个生命周期对环境的影响。这与注重生产者的产品责任而忽视生产者延伸责任、生产者延伸责任承担主体缺失、法律所体现的原则性导致生产者延伸责任缺乏刚性约束等直接相关。因此,应从以下四个方面进行矫治:(1)有针对性地确立两种责任并重的立法理念,(2)确定生产者延伸责任承担主体,(3)明确主体的法律责任,(4)延伸责任应明确界定在废弃物回收处置阶段。     

当代中国漆画艺术研究

从二三十年前,漆画正式确立为一个独立的画种。它在每个阶段都呈现出不同的崭新面貌。以当代中国漆画艺术的发展现状作为主要的研究对象,指出中国漆画艺术的民族特色和当代的发展趋势,历届全国美展有关漆画作品的创作情况和发展方向,以及如何在传统的基础上进行创新,如何利用多种新的媒介材料进行艺术创作,作品如何反映当代价值,如何丰富漆画的艺术表现语言和作品的精神内涵。     

论外部性影响也是创造价值的源泉

自马克思的《资本论》问世以来,劳动价值理论一直是学术界争论的焦点。通过对价值概念的重新厘清,指出商品中凝结的一般人类劳动与价值是两个相互独立的概念,并从理论与实践两方面指出了传统劳动价值理论的内在缺陷,认为劳动不是创造价值的唯一要素,外部性影响也是创造价值的源泉。为了解决价值的来源问题,本文认为劳动、劳动结合物、外部性影响三要素共同创造价值,并从理论以及实践两方面阐明了外部性影响也是创造价值的源泉。