Does rapid economic growth improve the human lot? Some empirical evidence

Politicians and decision-makers in both developed and developing countries have sought to maximize economic growth on the basis of the belief that this leads to advances in the quality of life. This paper seeks to test whether this belief is well-founded. An application of the Diffusion Index to time-series data collected from a rapidly growing, low income country demonstrates that while higher national income makes for greater welfare the rate of welfare enhancement is almost independent of the rate of national income growth. On the basis of these findings, it is argued that the Gross National Product by itself may not be used as a reliable measure of human welfare. Finally, this paper suggests that in order to provide the maximum quality of life for the members of a given society, its national policy should be based on a much broader conception of welfare than is currently implied by the idea of GNP growthmanship.     

上市公司资产重组多维透视

上市公司、地方政府、证券商、买壳企业、社会公众投资人 ,在资产重组中各自扮演不同角色 ;上市公司热心于重组意在“保牌”和“圈钱” ,地方政府热衷于重组意在维护“诸侯经济”利益 ;“报表重组”、“资产拼盘”、“合同重组”、“年末重组”、“赶时髦重组”是重组中的倾向性问题 ;认识重组的真正目的 ,确立重组成效的客观标准、规范重组中的政府行为正当其时     

Changes in functional limitation and survival among older Taiwanese, 1993, 1996, and 1999

Using data from the Survey of Health and Living Status of the Elderly in Taiwan, we investigate changes in difficulties in walking and climbing stairs, tasks that represent basic lower-body movements less likely to be influenced by changes in environment and social roles than are activities and instrumental activities of daily living. Results are shown for unadjusted prevalence rates and rates adjusted for changes in population composition. The findings indicate that Taiwan does not appear to be experiencing the improvements in functioning witnessed recently in the United States. Prevalence of functional limitation increased between 1993 and 1996 and between 1996 and 1999. One possible reason is the change in old-age survival, which appears to have benefited those who have functional limitations, especially in a severe form. The Universal Health Insurance programme, established in 1995, may have increased access to care and thus the survival of those in poorest health.     

城市“低保”问题研究

城市最低生活保障制度是实现国家长治久安的社会稳定机制、经济调节机制和政治调节机制.建立城市居民最低生活保障制度,有利于化解社会矛盾、维护社会稳定、促进社会公平、保证深化改革、扩大开放、促进发展,落实"三个代表"重要思想和十六大精神,是一项社会效益极佳的民心工程.实施城市最低生活保障制度以来,对于稳定城市社会、促进城市经济、社会发展起到了积极作用.但是,由于我国经济、社会结构急剧转型,使推行城市最低生活保障制度和实现"应保尽保"工作中,产生了一些问题,并制约着城市"低保"的调节作用.研究城市"低保"问题,提出相应的政策建议,构筑牢固的城市最后"安全网"具有极其重要的意义.     

"三个代表":必须长期坚持的指导思想

中共十六大把"三个代表"重要思想作为党必须长期坚持的指导思想写入党章,是党的理论创新和实践发展的必然要求,完全符合马克思主义思想路线的根本要求,体现了党的指导思想的与时俱进,为在新世纪全面建设小康社会,加快推进社会主义现代化,提供了强大的理论武器.贯彻中共十六大精神,必须坚定不移地坚持和贯彻"三个代表"重要思想.     

试析柏拉图对“知识合法性”的逻辑论证

在讨论世界的本原和逻辑起点问题上,自然哲学家的观点表明,他们实际上走的是从经验到一般的认识路线.而柏拉图则是从一般到事实,通过"理念论",论证了知识普遍必然性和客观有效性的客观依据,解决了"知识何以可能"的逻辑前提.     

儒家"修齐治平"的人生理想与当代中国企业家的成长

儒家文化是中国传统文化的主流,其积极主张"入世"的人生态度和追求"修齐治平"的人生理想,为历代君王、臣僚、士大夫等阶层所信奉和追求;西汉以降及至明清,中国商人一直不能作为一个独立的社会阶层来追求和实践其"修齐治平"的人生理想,少有影响社会历史进程的商家;在市场经济体制已经确立的当今中国,将"修齐治平"的人生理想作时代诠释,对促进中国企业家的成长,具有现实意义.     

论金大中政府关于朝鲜半岛和平机制的构想

为实现朝鲜半岛的长期稳定与持久和平,金大中总统上台后开始构建新的半岛和平机制,其主要政策和措施有三个方面一是通过巩固韩美军事同盟关系等措施加强军事实力,以此作为构建半岛和平机制的基础和后盾;二是改善对朝关系,实施以"阳光政策"为主要内容的对朝柔和政策,以此作为构建半岛和平机制的主要策略;三是加强周边"四强协调外交",密切与其关系,以此作为构建半岛和平机制的外部推动和制约力量.     

交际意识是外语教学交际法的灵魂

交际法时下似乎已不怎么"奏效”,对其认识上误区不少,做法上许多已远离初衷.本文从培养学生的交际能力为外语教学的主要目的出发,阐明了交际思想的由来与实质,论述了交际思想两大支柱理论交际能力和学生中心思想.交际思想具有丰富的内涵.交际法不是一种具体的教学方法,而是一种思想观念.要真正有效地实施交际法,必须从转变观念入手,培养和树立各种交际意识.     

Distance graphs on R n with 1-norm

Suppose S is a subset of a metric space X with metric d. For each subset D⊆{d(x,y):x,y∈S,x≠y}, the distance graph G(S,D) is the graph with vertex set S and edge set E(S,D)={xy:x,y∈S,d(x,y)∈D}. The current paper studies distance graphs on the n-space R ₁ ⁿ with 1-norm. In particular, most attention is paid to the subset Z ₁ ⁿ of all lattice points of R ₁ ⁿ . The results obtained include the degrees of vertices, components, and chromatic numbers of these graphs. Dedicated to Professor Frank K. Hwang on the occasion of his 65th birthday. Supported in part by the National Science Council under grant NSC-94-2115-M-002-015. Taida Institue for Mathematical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. National Center for Theoretical Sciences, Taipei Office.