分光光度法测定罗丹明B的实验设计

设计了一个分光光度法教学实验“分光光度法测定罗丹明B”,采用电脑处理实验数据,对所设计的实验的可行性及教学效果进行了探讨.     

THE ANSWERING MACHINE POSES MANY QUESTIONS FOR TELEPHONE SURVEY RESEARCHERS

The proliferation of the telephone answering machine raisesa number of questions about the continued efficiency of thetelephone as a data-gathering mechanism. The most critical ofthese is what effect the use of these machines might have onestablishing contact with potential respondents. If individualsroutinely use these machines to screen calls, then their accessibilityto telephone survey researchers will be restricted. A secondquestion is the degree to which respondents who own answeringmachines and are reachable are likely to participate in a survey.A third question is the extent to which the incidence of theanswering machine as a response disposition might vary by thetime of calling and the respondent's place of residence. Thefindings of this study, based on a nationwide survey, pointto a significant proportion of answering machine owners beingreachable and willing to participate. Furthermore, the answeringmachine appears to be in use more on weekends than on weekdayevenings and in more urbanized areas than in areas with fewerinhabitants.     

Measuring the non-profit sector cross-nationally: a comparative methodology

As a result in part of the way non-profit institutions are defined and treated in the United Nations System of National Accounts (SNA), little is known about the size, scope, financial base and role of this set of institutions at the international level, even though their importance is increasingly being recognised throughout the world. To remedy this significant lack of systematic information on non-profit institutions cross-nationally, the Johns Hopkins Comparative Nonprofit Sector Project has undertaken a major analysis of the economic role of this sector in twelve countries throughout the world, utilising a more meaningful definition of the sector and an approach that is otherwise consistent with the overall thrust of the SNA system. This paper outlines the basis of the more inclusive definition of the non-profit sector embodied in this project, the classification system formulated to structure data-gathering on this more broadly-defined sector and the data assembly strategy developed to build up key estimates of the scale, structure and revenue sources of the non-profit sector in the project countries. The article concludes with a recommendation to incorporate a similar approach to the assembly of data on the non-profit sector into the ongoing SNA system on a regular basis.Professor Lester Salamon is Director of the Institute for Policy Studies and Director of the Comparative Nonprofit Sector Project at the Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21218.Helmut Anheier is Research Scientist at the Institute for Policy Studies at the Johns Hopkins University and Assistant Professor of Sociology at Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, 08903. He is co-editor ofVoluntas.     

清代热河地区盟旗和府厅州县交错格局的形成

清初政府为了管理热河地区蒙古诸部，实行了盟旗制度，随着蒙地的开垦，汉人移居，为了加强管理，府厅州县遂之设立，从而出现了盟旗和府厅州县交错分布的格局，本文介绍了热河地区盟旗和府厅州县交错格局的形成过程。     

关于中世文学开端的一点想法

中国文学史有关上古、中世、近世的分期法 ,早先是通过明治时代日本的中介影响 ,借鉴了西方历史的划分标准。这套标准本身有其特定的构架及内涵 ,故在今天采用上述分期法时 ,仍应考虑到与它的对应性。从我国早期文学的表现形态来看 ,至秦汉 ,文学的发展受专制独裁政体及思想统制的压抑 ,丧失了先秦文学中曾出现的相对比较自由的精神与批判意识 ,质性上显示出较明显的异面 ,并对后世有着深远的影响。比照欧洲中世纪文学的情形 ,笔者赞同以秦汉作为中国中世文学的开端     

关于中国地主经济封建社会的产生及其发展迟缓问题--重读王亚南关于中国社会经济史著作的笔记

封建社会可以分为领主经济和地主经济两个阶段.中国封建社会历时比西欧长得多,因为中国的地主经济阶段比西欧长得多.这就是中国封建社会发展迟缓问题的实质.西欧进入地主经济阶段和在农村中产生资本主义是同时的.中国进入地主经济封建社会,是由于要突破农村公社--井田制--对生产力发展的束缚,因而以秦国的商鞅变法和秦统一天下为契机,在经济上废井田、开阡陌、土地民得以买卖,变领主经济为地主经济,在政治上废封建、置郡县,变贵族政治为官僚政治.地主经济这一经济基础及由其产生的三位一体公式、官僚政治及其支柱科举制度这一政治上层建筑、儒家学说这一思想上层建筑、被科举制度打乱的阶级关系,即四位一体公式等,使中国地主经济封建制度得以延长,资本主义产生困难.     

Stress at work and psychological and immunological parameters in a group of Norwegian female bank employees

This study concerned the immunological correlates of stress and work. Self reported stress, emotional state, ego-strength, and defensiveness were examined in relation to measures of cellular immunity (T-cell response to Con A and number of T4 and T8 cells) and humoral immunity (concentrations of immunoglobulins and complement components in plasma) in a group of 96 Norwegian female bank employees. The analyses showed that workload, the stress factor with the highest group mean, was associated with number of T-cells, while strain due to body posture during work was related to concentrations of IgM and C3. Further, depression was significantly correlated with IgM concentration and T-cell number, and anxiety with C3 concentration. T-cell activity was the immunological parameter most consistently associated with psychological well-being, showing positive correlations with defensiveness and ego-strength and negative correlations with anxiety and depression. In conclusion, T-cell number and concentrations of IgM and C3 were sensitive to both work-related stress experience and emotional distress. Coping abilities, indicated by the MMPI Ego-strength scale and emotional distress, were reflected in T-cell activity; insufficient coping was associated with low T-cell activity.     

从当代翻译理论看唐代景教的译经模式

景教是基督教的一个异端支派,其在中国传播的200年间,有过大量的经籍翻译。但是,对于景教的翻译活动,学界的研究很不充分。从当代翻译理论的角度对其翻译进行研究,一方面可以为我们研究中国翻译史提供一个视角,同时,对我们进一步认识景教在中国的传播活动无疑是有益的。     

法治的层次性：工具与信仰

根据治者信守法律的动机和符合法治的程度,法治主导者对待功利的态度,法治理论的社会基础是平民还是精英及其对待法治倾向于工具还是信仰,法治可以分为“工具的法治”和“信仰的法治”。工具的法治相对于信仰的法治,对治者提出的要求较低,其法治目标也更务实,并且切实考虑到了市民社会的利益要求,应当成为我们建设法治国家的着眼点。     

Factors Affecting Children’s Adjustment to the Death of a Parent: The Social Work Professional’s Viewpoint

This study investigated factors affecting the adjustment of parentally bereaved children by reviewing existing literature and comparing it to observations made by professional social workers. Interviewees had between 1 1/2 and 22 years of experience in counseling bereaved children. The specific factors examined were age and sex of the bereaved child, circumstances of the death, and adjustment of remaining caregiver. Participants (n = 5) responded to an interview instrument specifically designed for this study which contained seven in-depth, open-ended questions. Participants’ replies were mostly in accordance with the literature, but also generated some new perspectives that had not been previously considered for this study and had not appeared in the literature. This study has implications for practice with parentally bereaved children and their surviving caregivers.Rebecca M. Hope, LCSW, Outpatient Clinician, New River Valley Community Services, 700 University City Boulevard, Blacksburg, VA 24060.Diane M. Hodge, Ph.D. is an Associate Professor of Social Work, Radford University, P.O. Box 6958, Radford, VA 24141; e-mail: dmhodge@radford.eduAddress correspondence to Rebecca M. Hope, LCSW, Outpatient Clinician, New River Valley Community Services, 700 University City Boulevard, Blacksburg, VA 24060; e-mail: rmhope@verizon.net