Correlates and Consequences of Parent–Teen Incongruence in Reports of Teens' Sexual Experience

Using the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, factors associated with incongruence between parents' and adolescents' reports of teens' sexual experience were investigated, and the consequences of inaccurate parental knowledge for adolescents' subsequent sexual behaviors were explored. Most parents of virgins accurately reported teens' lack of experience, but most parents of teens who had had sex provided inaccurate reports. Binary logistic regression analyses showed that many adolescent-, parent-, and family-level factors predicted the accuracy of parents' reports. Parents' accurate knowledge of their teens' sexual experience was not found to be consistently beneficial for teens' subsequent sexual outcomes. Rather, parents' expectations about teens' sexual experience created a self-fulfilling prophecy, with teens' subsequent sexual outcomes conforming to parents' expectations. These findings suggest that research on parent–teen communication about sex needs to consider the expectations being expressed, as well as the information being exchanged.     

Examining Sexual Orientation Disparities in Unmet Medical Needs Among Men and Women

Using the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (N = 13,810), this study examines disparities in unmet medical needs by sexual orientation identity during young adulthood. We use binary logistic regression and expand Andersen’s health care utilization framework to identify factors that shape disparities in unmet medical needs by sexual orientation. We also investigate whether the well-established gender disparity in health-seeking behaviors among heterosexual persons holds for sexual minorities. The results show that sexual minority women are more likely to report unmet medical needs than heterosexual women, but no differences are found between sexual minority and heterosexual men. Moreover, we find a reversal in the gender disparity between heterosexual and sexual minority populations: heterosexual women are less likely to report unmet medical needs than heterosexual men, whereas sexual minority women are more likely to report unmet medical needs compared to sexual minority men. Finally, this work advances Andersen’s model by articulating the importance of including social psychological factors for reducing disparities in unmet medical needs by sexual orientation for women.     

Role similarity and complexity in social networks

A new concept of role similarity is presented; this definition is a generalisation of structural equivalence but is stricter than the idea of regular equivalence of White and Reitz (1983). This new definition forms a standard part of graph theory literature and as such has been well researched. Consequently a complexity measure first proposed by Mowshowitz, 1968a, Mowshowitz, 1968b, Mowshowitz, 1968c can be given a definite meaning in terms of network concepts. A new measure of structural complexity based on role similarity is also introduced.     

The Influence of Western Concepts on Russian Marketing Theory

As part of modernizing their economy, the Russians appear interested in learning about and adopting western business techniques. Attesting to this concern has been the recent publication of quite a few western- and Russian-authored marketing books in the Russian language. Western and Russian concepts of marketing are compared, and the content of western marketing books in Russian translation is examined. It is explained how discrepancies between the original-language and Russian-language texts due to editing, and also distortions in translation, sometimes mar the proper understanding of western marketing concepts. In a review of current Russian marketing theory, it is suggested that the legacy of the Soviet period, current Russian conditions and the inexperience of Russian managers in western marketing techniques have combined to maintain a pronounced product (rather than a market) orientation in Russian concepts of marketing. All the same, there is evidence that at least some Russian business people, either through western training or intuitively, have applied western marketing concepts to their businesses.     

Creating pathways to participation: a community-based developmental prevention project in Australia

Pathways to Prevention is a developmental prevention project focused on the transition to school in a disadvantaged multicultural urban area in Queensland. The project incorporates two elements: The Preschool Intervention Program (PIP) promotes communication and social skills related to school success; and the Family Independence Program (FIP) (parent training, facilitated playgroups, support groups, etc) promotes family capacity to foster child development. Using a quasi-experimental design (N= 597), improvements in boys' but not girls' behaviours over the preschool year were found. FIP reached more than a quarter of the target population, including many difficult-to-reach families experiencing high stress. Case studies and other qualitative data suggest positive outcomes.     

PUBLISHED SCHOLARSHIP ON MARITAL THERAPY

This article is a content analysis of 10 prominent marital and family therapy journals during a 6-year period. Marital therapy articles were the focus of the analysis. Prolific authours, institutions, types of articles being published, and publication outlet were described. The aim is to survey the field and facilitate future scholarship.     

An Analysis of AAMFT Supervisors: Their Identities,Roles, and Resources*

This paper reports data from a comprehensive study of AAMFT approved supervisors. It reviews findings on a variety of demographic variables and identifies significant relationships between these data and patterns of supervisory attitudes and procedures. The discussion presents a demographic profile of the approved supervisors with an analysis of their supervisory models and resources, the extent of their professional activities, and the issue of adjunctive personal psychotherapy for students in clinical training.