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81.
Roger P. Harrie Paul Christopher Harrie 《Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal》2016,33(3):273-277
The purpose of this study was to determine the number of residents requiring corrective lenses in a youth detention center for juveniles from 12 to 18 years old over a 2-year period. A greater number of adolescents incarcerated for criminal activity in a detention center had uncorrected refractive errors (34.87 %) as compared to a comparable population in the public school system (22 %). The prevalence of significant refractive errors among incarcerated adolescents in this study is significantly higher than has been reported previously. The current study found a refractive error rate of almost 35 %. This difference can be explained by a number of factors in their social environments and identifies an area for potential intervention to reduce antisocial behavior in this population. 相似文献
82.
83.
Christopher Wildeman 《Social science research》2012,41(1):74-91
This article extends research on the consequences of mass imprisonment and the factors shaping population health and health inequalities by considering the associations between imprisonment and population health—measured as life expectancy at birth and the infant mortality rate—and black-white differences in population health using state-level panel data from the United States (N = 669), 1980-2004. Results show that imprisonment is significantly associated with poorer population health, though associations between imprisonment and infant mortality and female life expectancy are somewhat more consistently statistically significant than are associations with male life expectancy, and associations are more pronounced and statistically significant for blacks than they are for whites. Results also show, however, that increases in imprisonment are associated with decreases in the mortality rates of young black men. Thus, though imprisonment tends to be associated with higher mortality risk and greater black-white differences in mortality, it may, in the short-run, have some paradoxical mortality benefits for young black men. 相似文献
84.
85.
Harold Eugene Briggs Wendell Cox Caroline N. Sharkey Nicole Corley Adam Christopher Briggs Michelle Black 《Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal》2016,33(4):349-363
In this paper, the authors critically examine the plight of single parent families with young children. Next, they lay out in detail the contributions of the behavioral perspective to practice model development research with single-parent families of children under the age of 12. The authors discuss implications for future theory driven practice model development research with cultural specific single parent families. They believe that future model development research efforts with culturally diverse single parent families will aid in advancing the state of cultural competence research in social work while assisting single parents relieve suffering and enhance child and family well-being. 相似文献
86.
87.
Tammy L. Henderson Maria Sirois Angela Chia-Chen Chen Christopher Airriess David A. Swanson David Banks 《Population research and policy review》2009,28(1):67-92
In 2005, the National Science Foundation funded a number of projects to study the impact of Hurricane Katrina. The current
article provides an overview of several research approaches used to conduct post-Katrina research. Each method had some advantages
and disadvantages. The post-disaster context meant that experience from traditional survey methods often did not apply. Comparisons
of advantages and disadvantages associated with each sampling method serve to inform future post-disaster research and illuminate
the limits of classical research methods. 相似文献
88.
Carissa L. Shafto Christopher M. Conway Suzanne L. Field Derek M. Houston 《Infancy》2012,17(3):247-271
Research suggests that non-linguistic sequence learning abilities are an important contributor to language development (Conway, Bauernschmidt, Huang, & Pisoni, 2010). The current study investigated visual sequence learning as a possible predictor of vocabulary development in infants. Fifty-eight 8.5-month-old infants were presented with a three-location spatiotemporal sequence of multi-colored geometric shapes. Early language skills were assessed using the MacArthur-Bates CDI. Analyses of children's reaction times to the stimuli suggest that the extent to which infants demonstrated learning was significantly correlated with their vocabulary comprehension at the time of test and with their gestural comprehension abilities 5 months later. These findings suggest that visual sequence learning may have both domain-general and domain-specific associations with language learning. 相似文献
89.
Christopher A. Mebane 《Risk analysis》2010,30(2):203-223
Criteria to protect aquatic life are intended to protect diverse ecosystems, but in practice are usually developed from compilations of single‐species toxicity tests using standard test organisms that were tested in laboratory environments. Species sensitivity distributions (SSDs) developed from these compilations are extrapolated to set aquatic ecosystem criteria. The protectiveness of the approach was critically reviewed with a chronic SSD for cadmium comprising 27 species within 21 genera. Within the data set, one genus had lower cadmium effects concentrations than the SSD fifth percentile‐based criterion, so in theory this genus, the amphipod Hyalella, could be lost or at least allowed some level of harm by this criteria approach. However, population matrix modeling projected only slightly increased extinction risks for a temperate Hyalella population under scenarios similar to the SSD fifth percentile criterion. The criterion value was further compared to cadmium effects concentrations in ecosystem experiments and field studies. Generally, few adverse effects were inferred from ecosystem experiments at concentrations less than the SSD fifth percentile criterion. Exceptions were behavioral impairments in simplified food web studies. No adverse effects were apparent in field studies under conditions that seldom exceeded the criterion. At concentrations greater than the SSD fifth percentile, the magnitudes of adverse effects in the field studies were roughly proportional to the laboratory‐based fraction of species with adverse effects in the SSD. Overall, the modeling and field validation comparisons of the chronic criterion values generally supported the relevance and protectiveness of the SSD fifth percentile approach with cadmium. 相似文献
90.
Christopher Saunders 《Social Dynamics》2013,39(2):52-56
The Shaping of South African Society 1652–1820, edited by Richard Elphick and Hermann Giliomee. Cape Town: Longman, 1979. 相似文献