Residential treatment: linkage with community drug treatment programs.

The realization that the program and services offered at the residential treatment center were not fully effective for some clients with multiple problems was an emotionally wrenching, but unavoidable, process. As the need for outside community substance-abuse referrals continues, it is important that ongoing relationships among agencies be established and nurtured. Dilemmas in creating these relationships have to be expected by all involved. Ways to resolve these problems must be put in place as quickly as they occur. Windows of opportunity to help residential treatment center clients with drug and alcohol problems must be recognized early on in treatment to ensure optimal services. Agencies must coordinate and cooperate with each other to be in position to seize these opportunities when they arise.     

Pediatrics: The emerging psychosocial challenges of the AIDS epidemic

HIV has a pervasive and profound effect on the psychological, social and neuropsychological functioning of infected infants, children and their families. This article discusses direct and indirect psychological manifestations of HIV in children. Direct effects are the outcome of the virus acting on the central nervous system and can result in compromised cognitive, language, motor, socio-emotional and motivational functioning. Indirect effects involve psychological responses to the stress of living with a life threatening illness, the social ostracism, disruption in life goals and undergoing frequent invasive and protracted medical procedures. A major focus of this article is to outline and describe a model comprehensive psychosocial support system developed within the Pediatric Branch of the National Cancer Institute. This includes early intervention issues and strategies for working with families during the introductory phase of the treatment program that also provides the framework for a care management approach, salient mental health problems that frequently occur in this group, and appropriate interventions for individuals and families. Attention is also given to dealing with anticipatory loss and bereavement, implementing traditional innovative intervention techniques, and for providing advocacy services concerning possible legal, financial, housing, and educational issues.     

Broken circles to a different identity: an exploration of identity for children in out–of-home care in Queensland, Australia

Child protection manuals and literature emphasize that developing a sense of identity is one of the most important elements in achieving good outcomes for children in out-of-home care. Yet, the very issue of identity raises questions that many child protection workers are ill-equipped to answer. In practice, life story book work based on developmental theories has been utilized by child protection workers and foster carers as a response to a sense of 'lost identity' for children in out-of-home care. However, Indigenous and psychological concepts of identity may have little in common.
Current theories of identity development in children lack evidence from the children and young people themselves in informing these notions, which have been criticized as adult-centric. Developmental theories may also be problematic for children from non-Western cultural groups. This research was undertaken in a regional area of Queensland, Australia where the majority of children in the child protection system who are identified as Indigenous, come from two or more cultural backgrounds. The research presented in this paper firstly explores identity issues for children and young people in foster care from their own perspective using narrative art therapy. Secondly, the research views identity from the perspective of professionals working in child protection and out-of-home care.     

Sports Sociology’s Still Untapped Potential

Following up on Zirin’s (2008) challenge that sports sociologists “get off the bench,” and Karen and Washington’s (2001) plea to make sports sociology more central to analyses of social power, this article empirically reviews and assesses the sociology of sports from 1977–2008. Using a sample of 441 articles selected from the three major sports sociology journals during that period, we conclude that sports sociology exhibits a strong and increasing bias toward micro‐level analyses of (for example) how the content of sports frames and constructs the social world. A smaller and shrinking body of work examines more macro‐oriented issues such as the economics and politics of sports, and there seem to be few attempts to meaningfully synthesize these micro and macro orientations. We think this partiality toward micro‐oriented frameworks is rooted in factors unique to sports sociology while also reflecting larger trends within sociology as a whole. As advocates of popularly accessible public sociology, we respectfully suggest that sports sociologists try harder to weave macro analyses into their work, not necessarily replacing micro‐level approaches, but complementing them. We believe that sports sociology is well‐positioned to become a standard bearer for public sociology, but only if it pays more attention to the way organized sports intertwines with the organizational, political, and economic forces that perpetuate and exacerbate social inequality.     

中国加入WTOP：国内农业政策与体制面临的冲突

中国加入WTO对全球主要农产品贸易国都有重大影响,本国内部的农业政策和体制也将面临重大变化。本文主要讨论中国加入WTO谈判方案中涉及的三个重要领域的变化,即关税壁垒、非关税壁垒和开放国内市场,尤其是这些变化对中国国内农业政策及其体制的影响。     

Multiple social contexts in qualitative bereavement research

Little research focuses on the ways that bereaved family members react to and make meaning of their experience of the death of an elderly father and husband. In a qualitative, ethnographic study of 34 bereaved families we examined how family members respond to two inter-related social contexts: 1. social-cultural values and attitudes such as attitudes toward grieving for old persons, and 2. the inter-personal dyadic relationship between interviewer and interviewee. An underlying theme of uncertainty pervades the study participants' views of what is normal and expected in their own process of bereavement. Implications for future bereavement research are suggested.     

Frail men's perspectives on food and eating

Food shopping, preparation, and serving traditionally tend to be the domain of women. This article, however, focuses on the rarely examined world of frail old men who live in the community and on the meanings and themes that underlie their attitudes and behaviors in relation to food and eating. Based on the analyses of face-to-face qualitative interviews with 15 men, 76–95 years old, four inter-related themes emerged: (1) eating to live and wish to survive, (2) centrality of concern about the physical body, (3) the pervasive need for maintenance of masculinity, and (4) importance of sociality to the eating experience. Findings demonstrate how themes of masculinity in these men affect their narratives and perceptions about food and eating.     

领导最需学习的句子

“我错了。”这个简单的句子，恰恰是领导们最难说出口的，也是他们最需要学习的。