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81.
Alejandro Portes Alex Stepick Cynthia Truelove 《Population research and policy review》1986,5(1):83-94
In recent years, southern Florida has experienced rapid new inflows of immigrants from Central America and the Caribbean. Since the arrival in 1980 of Mariel (Cuban) and Haitian immigrants to this area, a great deal of speculation has emerged as to the adaptation of these two groups to south Florida and the impact which their presence has wielded on the social and economic arenas of that region. In this paper, we present selected background characteristics of representative samples of both groups and discuss our empirical findings with regard to the labor market experiences, social networks, and educational experiences of the immigrants included in our sample. While the two groups minimally differ from earlier cohorts of their compatriots entering south Florida, their experiences since arriving in Florida have been quite different. Both the Cuban and Haitian immigrants arriving in 1980 demonstrate higher levels of unemployment than their counterparts who arrived earlier; however, the existence of the Cuban economic enclave in Miami did facilitate the entry of a greater number of Cubans than Haitians into the formal labor market. Initial evidence indicates that significant numbers of individuals from both groups participate in the informal labor market, often receiving less than the minimum wage.This study was conducted with the support of the Sociology Program, National Science Foundation (Grant #SES-8215567). 相似文献
82.
Cynthia Negrey Ph.D. candidate 《The American Sociologist》1987,18(1):58-62
Graduate education is more than simply taking courses, taking comprehensive exams, and writing theses and dissertations. It
is also a process of personal intellectual growth that results in a redefinition of identity. This transformation of self
is tantamount to a demystification process such that students must debunk the “Ph.D. mystique” to identify with sociologists
and become members of the sociological community. Faculty can aid this process by sharing their own transformative experiences,
but the structured inequality of the faculty-student relationship is a harrier against such personal disclosures. Yet transcending
those structural barriers may be necessary to enhance the quality of graduate education in sociology.
She is specializing in political economy and is writing a dissertation on economic change and work-time reduction. 相似文献
83.
Of the 39 states that permit some form of public sector collective bargaining, union security agreements are prohibited in
19. Employees may join and pay dues to the union representing them in these states but they are not required to do so. This
study of 372 state government workers compares union dues-payers and non-dues-payers on a variety of personal, positional,
economic, and noneconomic variables. Workers who were exposed to more physical danger and less noise were more likely to be
dues-payers; higher seniority workers and skilled craftworkers were more likely to pay dues. Results suggest that union voting
and union dues-paying have different antecedents. They also raise questions about the generalizability of previous dues-paying
research to blue-collar settings. Holding a union card in a right-to-work environment seems to have little to do with the
traditional collective pursuit of economic power. 相似文献
84.
The use of constructive-developmental theory to advance the understanding of leadership 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Cynthia D. McCauley Wilfred H.Drath Charles J. Palus Patricia M.G. O'Connor Becca A. Baker 《The Leadership Quarterly》2006,17(6):634
Constructive-developmental theory is a stage theory of adult development that focuses on the growth and elaboration of a person's ways of understanding the self and the world. In this article we review how the constructive-developmental frameworks of Kegan [Kegan, R. (1982). The evolving self: Problem and process in human development. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press], Torbert [Torbert, W. R. (1987). Managing the corporate dream: Restructuring for long-term success. Homewood, IL: Dow Jones-Irwin.], and Kohlberg [Kohlberg, L. (1969). Stage and sequence: The cognitive developmental approach to socialization. In D. Goslin (Ed.), Handbook of socialization: Theory and research. New York: Rand McNally] have been applied in the theoretical and empirical literature on leadership and management. Although the literature has produced a number of propositions, the notion that a leader's order of development should impact his or her leadership effectiveness or managerial performance has generated the most research. We found mixed support for this proposition as well as a number of limitations in the research in general. To have a greater impact on the leadership field, constructive-developmental theory needs to generate more robust research, to link more clearly with on-going streams of leadership research, and to explore the contribution of aspects of the theory beyond individual order of development. 相似文献
85.
86.
87.
Cynthia?Needles?FletcherEmail author Steven?B.?Garasky Robert?B.?Nielsen 《Journal of Family and Economic Issues》2005,26(3):323-343
Growing evidence demonstrates the importance of transportation in improving family economic well being. This article sheds
light on the hardship that one important transportation asset, private vehicles, may exert on families. Data from the Iowa
Transportation and Employment Survey provided a unique opportunity to understand how vehicle access enables households to
meet their basic needs, but may exacerbate their problems through the creation of additional demands on resources. Approximately
26% of the sample reported having experienced transportation hardship. The strongest predictors of transportation hardship
were the presence of children in the household, low income, driving less reliable vehicles, and the unavailability of transportation
assistance from someone outside the household. How to help families meet their transportation needs in light of this evidence
remains open to debate. 相似文献
88.
Feliciano C 《Demography》2005,42(1):131-152
Current immigration research has revealed little about how immigrants compare to those who do not migrate. Although most scholars agree that migrants are not random samples of their home countries' populations, the direction and degree of educational selectivity is not fully understood. This study of 32 U.S. immigrant groups found that although nearly all immigrants are more educated than those who remain in their home countries, immigrants vary substantially in their degree of selectivity, depending upon the origin country and the timing of migration. Uncovering patterns of immigrant selectivity reveals the fallacy in attributing immigrants' characteristics to national groups as a whole and may help explain socioeconomic differences among immigrant groups in the United States. 相似文献
89.
Cynthia D. Fisher 《国际管理评论杂志》2010,12(4):384-412
Happiness in the form of pleasant moods and emotions, well‐being, and positive attitudes has been attracting increasing attention throughout psychology research. The interest in happiness has also extended to workplace experiences. This paper reviews what is known about the definition, causes and consequences of happiness at work, drawing also on insights from the expanding positive psychology literature on happiness in general. Many discrete organizational behavior constructs arguably belong to a larger family of happiness‐related constructs, and share some common causes and consequences. Happiness at work includes, but is far more than, job satisfaction. A comprehensive measure of individual‐level happiness might include work engagement, job satisfaction, and affective organizational commitment. Aspects of happiness have been (and should be) conceptualized and measured at multiple levels, including transient experiences, stable person‐level attitudes, and collective attitudes, and with respect to multiple foci, such as discrete events, the job, and the organization. At all levels, there is evidence that happiness has important consequences for both individuals and organizations. Past research has tended to underestimate the importance of happiness at work. 相似文献
90.
Unemployment rates remain high among individuals with psychiatric disabilities despite growing evidence that supported employment programs (SEPs) can help such individuals to obtain and retain competitive employment. A complete understanding of factors that may facilitate or hinder the success of such supported employment efforts is urgently needed to increase the efficacy of SEPs and move more individuals with psychiatric disabilities from welfare to work. This exploratory study provides insight into potential facilitators and barriers to employment among individuals with psychiatric disabilities from the perspective of job coaches. Twenty-eight job coaches from 14 SEPs in a Northeastern state reported on their experience with four recent clients, two who were successful in obtaining employment and two who failed, through a semi-structured mail survey. Findings suggest that job coaches use similar strategies to assist clients, but in each case try to tailor specific strategies to client's needs and characteristics. Factors that influence successful job placement and research and policy implications are discussed. 相似文献