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931.
Kimberly Fisher Muriel Egerton Jonathan I. Gershuny John P. Robinson 《Social indicators research》2007,82(1):1-33
The present study explored the short-term temporal characteristics of subjective well-being (SWB) and its potential correlates.
Specifically, we examined the intra-individual variability and the trajectories of SWB and its components life satisfaction,
positive, and negative affect. Over a two-week period, 27 participants (78% university students, 85% females, mean age of
29 years) provided SWB data every other day. Before and after this period, participants completed several questionnaires assessing
personality and environmental variables, as well as several open-ended questions. The results provide evidence that participants
experienced a significant amount of intra-individual variability in their SWB and its components. Furthermore, inter-individual
differences in the intra-individual variability were related to several of the personality and environmental variables, as
well as to participant’s age. Results of multiple regression analyses indicated that deliberation (one facet of the Big Five
dimension conscientiousness), social support, and age accounted for 58% of the total variance of intra-individual variability
in SWB. In contrast, the slopes of the individual trajectories of SWB were on average statistically non-significantly different
from zero. These results emphasize that information is gained by looking at both the patterns and the intra-individual variability
over time: The individual trajectories of the participants on average appeared to be stable, but intra-individual variability
of SWB was meaningfully related to several of the variables. 相似文献
932.
933.
Stephanie I. Falke Elizabeth D'Arrigo‐Patrick 《Journal of marital and family therapy》2015,41(4):428-442
Medical family therapy (MedFT) is a growing area of interest within the field of marriage and family therapy. Its practice necessitates a shift from conventional family therapy practices to include diverse ways of providing care. Literature highlights approaches for patients with specific illnesses and for particular healthcare contexts. Less is understood about frameworks for treating patients with different illnesses across settings. Contributing to the growing discourse surrounding MedFT, we present a role‐based practice framework that identifies six consistent roles, Therapist, Brief Interventionist, Health Coach, Patient Advocate, Consultant to Health Professionals, and Trainer specific tasks associated with each. We describe the skills needed to perform each role and describe how we move fluidly between roles to provide comprehensive care. 相似文献
934.
935.
Optimal statistical process control (SPC) requires models of both in-control and out-of-control process states. Whereas a normal distribution is the generally accepted model for the in-control state, there is a doubt as to the existence of reliable models for out-of-control cases. Various process models, available in the literature, for discrete manufacturing systems (parts industry) can be treated as bounded discrete-space Markov chains, completely characterized by the original in-control state and a transition matrix for shifts to an out-of-control state. The present work extends these models by using a continuous-state Markov chain, incorporating non-random corrective actions. These actions are to be realized according to the SPC technique and should substantially affect the model. The developed stochastic model yields a Laplace distribution of a process mean. An alternative approach, based on the Information theory, also results in a Laplace distribution. Real-data tests confirm the applicability of a Laplace distribution for the parts industry and show that the distribution parameter is mainly controlled by the SPC sample size. 相似文献
936.
937.
This paper illustrates how an entity—called a ‘strategic data base’ (SDB)—can be developed to provide important information in a form which makes it directly useful in various phases of a strategic planning process. The strategic data bases are concise statements of the organizational and environmental situations which define the organization's most salient problems, opportunities, and constraints. These SDBs may be developed through a participative process involving tasks forces which are made up of managers representing the diverse interests of the organization. The strategic data bases thereby become important informational inputs to planning which can directly serve to enhance the quality of planning decisions. Moreover, the process of developing SDBs can be an important learning device for those middle managers who can become involved in such a process at a much earlier point in their career than that at which they might normally engage substantively in the organization's overall strategic choice process. 相似文献
938.
This article explores selected fundraising information for charitable nonprofits, asking whether widespread abuses might exist in this sector. After examining the pervasiveness of fundraising and its relation to mission, we show that a few nonprofits raise a majority of sector charitable revenues, and we present the ratio of funds raised to funds spent on fundraising by mission categories. We find that 72 percent of charitable nonprofits do not report direct fundraising expenditures, 5 percent of the active fundraising nonprofits obtain 90 percent of total funds raised, mission is related to a nonprofit's ability to raise funds, the median nonprofit spends about 9.6 percent of total raised funds for fundraising, and only one in five nonprofits hires a professional fundraiser. At least in terms of the measures used in this report, widespread abuses are not obvious. 相似文献
939.
I. M. Jawahar 《Journal of Labor Research》2006,27(2):213-236
The relative lack of research on employees’ reactions to performance appraisal feedback is the primary impetus for this study
which advances this important, but neglected, research area by investigating potential predictors and consequences of satisfaction
with appraisal feedback. Survey responses from 112 employees were matched with their performance ratings from two different
appraisal periods to test specific hypotheses. Results indicate that satisfaction with rater and previous performance ratings
influence employees’ satisfaction with appraisal feedback. Satisfaction with appraisal feedback was positively related to
job satisfaction and organizational commitment and negatively related to turnover intentions. Supervisory status moderated
the relationship between satisfaction with appraisal feedback and subsequent performance such that the relationship existed
only for supervisory employees who, in addition to receiving feedback about their own performance, also provided feedback
to their subordinates. Implications of results for researchers and practitioners are discussed. 相似文献
940.
This article investigates the performance of two jackknife techniques under an asymptotic model in which the number of 2 × 2 tables increases but the possible marginal configurations remain fixed. These approaches are applied to the Mantel–Haenszel estimator, or transformed versions of this estimator, respectively. The resulting jackknife estimators are shown to be consistent for the common odds ratio. Their asymptotic distributions are derived; they can be used for constructing appropriate sparse-data confidence intervals. 相似文献