ON CAPITAL, TIME AND THE NEOCLASSICAL PARABLES

Many of the paradoxes in capital theory arise from seeking a purely 'physical' measure for the aggregate stock of capital. Several recent papers made it clear that heterogeneous capital outfits cannot be measured by a single aggregate index which is independent of the rate of interest. This paper defines and proves the general properties of an index of capital intensity — the degree of 'roundaboutnes'— which admits both the physical and the time dimensions of capital. A modified form of the neoclassical parables is defined and proved to be universally valid despite reswitching.     

Social anthropology of the central Eskimo

The study of social organization has moved from a peripheral to a central position in the burgeoning literature of the Eskimo. Presentations of Eskimo kinship systems have had an important impact on attempts at classifying kinship terminologies and kinship has become a major preoccupation of field workers in the Central Eskimo regions in recent years.
Less well explored but still significantly represented in the recent literature are such topics as family and local organization, authority structure, alliance mechanisms, and cultural ecological explorations of features of society.
Future work in the social anthropology of the area will be affected strongly and limited by conditions of change and the study of social change itself is rapidly becoming the focus of the social anthropology of the Central Eskimo.     

Knowledge is a Dangerous Thing: Authority Relations, Ideological Conservatism, and Creativity in Confucian-Heritage Cultures

Throughout history, the generation, exercise, and dissemination of knowledge are fraught with dangers, the root causes of which are traceable to the definition of authority relations. The authors compare Greek myths and Chinese legends, setting the stage for a metarelational analysis of authority relations between teacher and students and between scholar‐teachers and political rulers in Confucian‐heritage cultures. These two relations are rooted in ideological conservatism. They are related in a higher‐order relation or metarelation: Political control and the definition of the teacher‐student relationship reinforce each other in consolidating authoritarian values. Thus, ideological conservatism shapes educational philosophy and socialization. It conflicts with present demands for creativity in the service of knowledge‐based economies. Hence, a major issue in cultural change to be addressed concerns the dilemma between maintaining authoritarian control and enhancing creativity.     

Varieties of Social Cognition

Recent work within psychology demonstrates that unconscious cognition plays a central role in the judgments and actions of individuals. We distinguish between two basic types unconscious social cognition: unconsciousness of the influences on judgments and actions, and unconscious of the mental states (i.e., attitudes and feelings) that give rise to judgments and actions. Influence unconsciousness is corroborated by strong empirical evidence, but unconscious states are difficult to verify. We discuss procedures aimed at providing conclusive evidence of state unconsciousness, and apply them to recent empirical findings.     

THE ESTIMATION OF LINEAR PRODUCTION FUNCTIONS HAVING MULTICOLLINEAR INPUTS

In this paper linear production functions with highly correlated independent variables are estimated. Because many production processes require the use of inputs in fixed proportions, multicolinearity is usually a serious problem. This is usually the case when one attempts to estimate a linear or Cobb-Douglass (in log linear form) production function. Estimates of the marginal products of a linear production function are obtained by employing the first order conditions of the output maximizing solution given a cost constraint. Parameter estimates are determined for the case where the input costs are constants. The general case, where the input prices are functions of utilization levels, is delineated.     

Entry into Residential Care

Summary This paper examines the interaction between the organizationalstructure of social services departments and procedures foradmission into residential care. By drawing on research experiencea 'placements table' is proposed which contains the key operationaldecisionstaken by the department when the client becomes a resident.It is argued that, in accordance with the structure of the department,it is possible to suggest appropriate staff to make each keydecision in order that departmental criteria for admissionsmay be met.     

Changes in the Canadian Business and Legal Elites, 1870–1970*

Cet article examine les origines sociales et les activités de deux élites canadiennes au dix-neuvième et vingtième siècle, à savoir l'élite des affaires et du droit. Il fournit une explication provisoire des transformations qui ont eu lieu quant à l'aecès à la richesse, à l'autorité, au prestige et à l'influence au cours des cent dernières années. En tant que travail d'exploration, cet essai révèle le besoin d'aborder l'histoire de la stratification au Canada d'une façon jusqu'à maintenant négligée, à savoir par l'analyse historique des institutions jouant un rôle dans la stratification. This paper examines the social origins and activities of two Canadian elites, those of business and law, in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. It attempts a provisional explanation of the changes in access to wealth, authority, prominence, and influence that have occurred in the last hundred years. As an explanatory study, this paper suggests the need for an approach to the history of stratification in Canada that has not received much attention heretofore; namely, the historical analysis of stratifying institutions.