空气污染治理与公众健康———来自“大气十条”政策的证据

为探究《大气污染防治行动计划》 (以下简称“大气十条”)的健康效应,本文基于中国健康与营养调查(CHNS)数据及省级面板数据,利用基于多项Logit模型的双重差分法(Logit-DID),从微观与宏观两个维度考察“大气十条”政策的健康改善效应及其传导机制,并进一步通过异质性分析探讨环境健康不平等的内在原因 研究发现:“大气十条”实施带来显著的健康效应,该政策不仅能有效控制与空气污染高度相关疾病的发病率和死亡占比,还能够间接降低受空气污染影响较小的疾病病情。其作用机理主要通过控制PM2.5浓度改善公众健康,同时该政策对二氧化硫(SO2)、氮氧化物、烟(粉)尘等其 他污染物浓度的下降起到了协同作用。进一步分析显示环境福利不公平的现象依然存在,“大气十条”政 策显著降低了疾病高发人群的发病率,且对女性、城镇居民和低、高年龄段等疾病高发人群的健康影响更显著。本文为政府构建环境健康公平发展路径,推进“健康中国”战略提供了经验证据和政策借鉴。     

论纯情节类RPG的审美构成——以国产经典RPG为例

近些年随着电子游戏的发展,游戏艺术的文学性日益突出,尤其是纯情节类RPG游戏,其文学性主要体现在三个方面:情节是游戏文学性和艺术性的主体部分,也是玩家最不能脱离的游戏基因。游戏画面和背景配音起辅助作用。游戏的世界观构成了玩家对待RPG的基本审美态度,是游戏审美的核心元素。     

A Design of Attributes Double Sampling Plans for Three-class Products

In this article, a new attributes double sampling plan for three-class products (ADSPTP) is presented, and the corresponding operating characteristic function is constructed based on the given procedure of performing ADSPTP. Average sample numbers (ASN) for complete inspection and curtailed inspection of the second sample are derived and the extreme point is discussed on the three-dimensional ASN surface. In addition, the differences arising from different parameters are studied. Sampling plans are designed by a nonlinear optimization model. Finally, numerical examples and discussions are given to illustrate the obtained results, and tables of the designed plans under various conditions are provided.     

Policy Legitimacy,Rhetorical Politics,and the Evaluation of City‐Street Video Surveillance Monitoring Programs in Canada

This article examines the evaluation and legitimization of city‐street video surveillance in Ontario, Canada. We demonstrate how monitoring programs are promoted, designed, and justified based on rhetorical claims about their efficacy. Although program evaluation data do not commonly corroborate or support program objectives, we show how the rhetorical politics of video surveillance evaluation research finds legitimacy by adhering to the Ontario privacy commissioner's best practices guidelines—guidelines that are formulated to minimize rhetoric in system design. The findings raise questions about how city‐street video surveillance remains a viable policy option given the lack of evidence pertaining to its usefulness.     

Feeling disability: theories of affect and critical disability studies

This paper explores connections between affect studies and critical disability studies. Our interest in affect is sparked by the beginnings of a new research project that seeks to illuminate the lives, hopes and desires of young people with ‘life-limiting’ or ‘life-threatening’ impairments. Cultural responses to these young people are shaped by dominant discourses associated with lives lived well and long. Before commencing our empirical work with young people we use this paper to think through how we might conceptualise affect and disability. We present three themes; ontological invalidation in neoliberal-able times; affect aliens and crip killjoys; disability and resistant assemblages.     

基于对称性论物理学本体、认识与方法三者关系

物理学的发展过程是物理对象从宏观到微观和宇观的拓展,是物理学理论从牛顿力学的天地运动统一到除引力外的三种相互作用统一、并向大统一理论的演进,也是人类认识方法上的更新与进步。对称性在物理学的本体、认识与方法三个层面均占有一席之地。伴随着物理学的发展和对称性研究的深化,物理学的本体、认识与方法三者从最初的各自为政,到开始交融,之后交融的部分越来越大,到超弦理论中三者几近融为一体,对称性正好处于三者交融之处。这种融合的过程是与关于对称性的认识深化相一致的,这体现了物理学越来越朝向揭示自然本来面貌、朝向正确理论、朝向更深刻方法的发展历程。     

A multiple warm standby δ-shock system with a repairman having multiple vacations

In this article, a warm standby n-unit system is studied. The system is operational as long as there is one unit normal. The unit online, which has a lifetime distribution governed by a phase-type distribution, is also attacked by a shock from some external causes. Assume that shocks arrive according to a Poisson process. Whenever an interarrival time of shock is less than a threshold, the unit online fails. The lifetimes of the units in warm standby is exponentially distributed. A repairman who can take multiple vacations repairs the failed units based on the “first-in-first-out” rule. The repair times and the vacation times of repairman are governed by different phase-type distributions. For this system, the Markov process governing the system is constructed. The system is studied in a transient and stationary regime; the availability, the reliability, the rates of occurrence of the different types of failures, and the working probability of the repairman are calculated. A numerical application is performed to illustrate the calculations.     

金融机构市场化退出:一个制度协调的新思路

存款保险制度与金融机构风险处置制度之间的协调是金融机构风险处置中的重要问题.一个新的思路是设立一个统一的金融业风险保障基金和分行业的风险处置基金,该基金将存款保险基金、保险保障基金和证券投资者保护基金的保障部分进行整合,履行单一的付款箱功能.在统一的金融业风险保障基金之外,分行业设立银行业金融机构风险处置基金、证券业金融机构风险处置基金和保险业金融机构风险处置基金,由不同行业的监管机构进行监管,进行相关行业机构风险处置.这一思路可以避免现有制度设计的不足,弥合不同制度思路的分歧,更好地进行金融机构风险处置,保护投资者利益.     

科学霸权主义与人的困境

在西方现代化进程中，科学极大地解放了人的智力和体力，为人的自由发展提供了条件。然而，当科学的权威急剧膨胀变异成科学霸权主义，科学成为奴役人的工具时，却造成了人的困境。我国正处于现代化建设的进程中，需要吸收和借鉴西方科学发展进程中的经验和教训，发展一种厚道的、有机的科学具有重要的现实意义。     

从认知角度看语言结构象似性

认知语言学的哲学基础是体验哲学,强调人的体验在认知和语言中的重要作用.在此基础上,认知语言学认为语言符号是有理据的,即语言符号具有象似性.象似性体现在语言的不同层面上.在句法层面上,主要表现为距离象似性、顺序象似性、数量象似性和标记象似性.